* Initial commit of 0xFFFF.

This tree contains the same as the 0.1 tarball
2007-04-20 18:20:22 +02:00
commit b1d0ce2848
@@ -0,0 +1,340 @@
 		    GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
 		       Version 2, June 1991
 Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
                       51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
 of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
 			    Preamble
  The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
 freedom to share and change it.  By contrast, the GNU General Public
 License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
 software--to make sure the software is free for all its users.  This
 General Public License applies to most of the Free Software
 Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to
 using it.  (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by
 the GNU Library General Public License instead.)  You can apply it to
 your programs, too.
  When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
 price.  Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
 have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
 this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it
 if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it
 in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.
  To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
 anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.
 These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you
 distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.
  For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
 gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that
 you have.  You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the
 source code.  And you must show them these terms so they know their
 rights.
  We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and
 (2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,
 distribute and/or modify the software.
  Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain
 that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free
 software.  If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we
 want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so
 that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original
 authors' reputations.
  Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software
 patents.  We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free
 program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the
 program proprietary.  To prevent this, we have made it clear that any
 patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.
  The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
 modification follow.
 		    GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
   TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
  0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains
 a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed
 under the terms of this General Public License.  The "Program", below,
 refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program"
 means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law:
 that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it,
 either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another
 language.  (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in
 the term "modification".)  Each licensee is addressed as "you".
 Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
 covered by this License; they are outside its scope.  The act of
 running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program
 is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the
 Program (independent of having been made by running the Program).
 Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.
  1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's
 source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you
 conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate
 copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the
 notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty;
 and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License
 along with the Program.
 You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and
 you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.
  2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion
 of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and
 distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1
 above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
    a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices
    stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.
    b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in
    whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any
    part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third
    parties under the terms of this License.
    c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively
    when run, you must cause it, when started running for such
    interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an
    announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a
    notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide
    a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under
    these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this
    License.  (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but
    does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on
    the Program is not required to print an announcement.)
 These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole.  If
 identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,
 and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
 themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those
 sections when you distribute them as separate works.  But when you
 distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based
 on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of
 this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the
 entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it.
 Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest
 your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to
 exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or
 collective works based on the Program.
 In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program
 with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of
 a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under
 the scope of this License.
  3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,
 under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of
 Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:
    a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable
    source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections
    1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,
    b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three
    years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your
    cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete
    machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be
    distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium
    customarily used for software interchange; or,
    c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer
    to distribute corresponding source code.  (This alternative is
    allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you
    received the program in object code or executable form with such
    an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)
 The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for
 making modifications to it.  For an executable work, complete source
 code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any
 associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to
 control compilation and installation of the executable.  However, as a
 special exception, the source code distributed need not include
 anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary
 form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the
 operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component
 itself accompanies the executable.
 If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering
 access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent
 access to copy the source code from the same place counts as
 distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not
 compelled to copy the source along with the object code.
  4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program
 except as expressly provided under this License.  Any attempt
 otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is
 void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
 However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under
 this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
 parties remain in full compliance.
  5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not
 signed it.  However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or
 distribute the Program or its derivative works.  These actions are
 prohibited by law if you do not accept this License.  Therefore, by
 modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the
 Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and
 all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying
 the Program or works based on it.
  6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the
 Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the
 original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to
 these terms and conditions.  You may not impose any further
 restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.
 You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to
 this License.
  7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent
 infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),
 conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
 otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
 excuse you from the conditions of this License.  If you cannot
 distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
 License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you
 may not distribute the Program at all.  For example, if a patent
 license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by
 all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then
 the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to
 refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.
 If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under
 any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to
 apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other
 circumstances.
 It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
 patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any
 such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the
 integrity of the free software distribution system, which is
 implemented by public license practices.  Many people have made
 generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed
 through that system in reliance on consistent application of that
 system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing
 to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot
 impose that choice.
 This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
 be a consequence of the rest of this License.
  8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in
 certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
 original copyright holder who places the Program under this License
 may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding
 those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among
 countries not thus excluded.  In such case, this License incorporates
 the limitation as if written in the body of this License.
  9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
 of the General Public License from time to time.  Such new versions will
 be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
 address new problems or concerns.
 Each version is given a distinguishing version number.  If the Program
 specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any
 later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions
 either of that version or of any later version published by the Free
 Software Foundation.  If the Program does not specify a version number of
 this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software
 Foundation.
  10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free
 programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author
 to ask for permission.  For software which is copyrighted by the Free
 Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes
 make exceptions for this.  Our decision will be guided by the two goals
 of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and
 of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.
 			    NO WARRANTY
  11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY
 FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW.  EXCEPT WHEN
 OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES
 PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED
 OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
 MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  THE ENTIRE RISK AS
 TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU.  SHOULD THE
 PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,
 REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
  12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
 WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR
 REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,
 INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING
 OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
 TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY
 YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER
 PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
 		     END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
 	    How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
  If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
 possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
 free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
  To do so, attach the following notices to the program.  It is safest
 to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
 convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
 the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
    <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
    Copyright (C) <year>  <name of author>
    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
    (at your option) any later version.
    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
    GNU General Public License for more details.
    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
    along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
 Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
 If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this
 when it starts in an interactive mode:
    Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author
    Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
    This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
    under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
 The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
 parts of the General Public License.  Of course, the commands you use may
 be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be
 mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program.
 You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
 school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if
 necessary.  Here is a sample; alter the names:
  Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program
  `Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.
  <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989
  Ty Coon, President of Vice
 This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into
 proprietary programs.  If your program is a subroutine library, you may
 consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the
 library.  If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General
 Public License instead of this License.
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
    ------.    ,---------.--.--.
   /       |  ___        |  |  |  \\------------ -- .  
   | .__  / \/   .   ____/ _/ _/      The 0pen
   |   /  .     <      |  |  |             Free Fiasco
   | '-    >     ^  ___| _| .'                Firmware Flasher
   |                 |  '  |          - --  --- ----------------\\
   \_____/7_/\______    :  I                              0xFFFF
               _/ ___|_.|__|
                '`
 The 'Free Fiasco Firmware Flasher' aka 0xFFFF utility tries to implement
 a free (GPL'd) userspace handler for the NOLO bootloader.
 Use it with CARE. This is an experimental tool and it can brick your device.
 It's not suposed to be stable, so nokia will probably release incompatible
 bootloaders to break this tool. USE IT AT YOUR OWN RISK.
 This tool has been designed and tested on n770. The n800 flash should work
 but it's not tested and is known to use different request codes.
 PLEASE. Read carefully all the documentation inside doc/* for more information
 before building or using the flasher to avoid questions, problems or so.
 Have phun!
                                                         --pancake
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
 <b>Dumping the firmware</b>
 This technique consists on reconstructing a firmware image dumping
 pieces at certains offsets of the device internal memory.
 <b>End user details:</b>
 * Extract the firmware pieces from a running device
 *
 * This functionality is useful to extract backups of your system
 * firmware. This is really useful when you're on a desert island
 * without an internet connection.
 *
 * This tool needs more testing, so take care and don't blame me if
 * it breaks your system. It *is* to your responsability, use at
 * your own risk
 *
 * NOTE: It's theorically possible to flash the device on the fly from
 * the running OS, but this has not yet been tested. Keep tuned for
 * updates and newz.
 *
 * Have fun!
 <b>Technical details:</b>
 * The internal flash memory is exposed to the system as MTD devices. So it's
 * possible to dump the individual sections of a flashed firmware.
 *
 * READ src/dump.c for detailed information.
   mtd0 - contains xloader and sencodary pieces of the bootloaders
          0x00000 - xloader.bin    (size is 0x03600)
          0x04000 - secondary.bin  (size is 0x15400)
          0x1FFFF - eof
   mtd1 - looks like there's a pool ConF structures
   mtd2 - starts with NOLO img\x5c\x13 and \x00 padding
          0x00800 - zImage
   mtd3 - rootfs.jffs2 (20M) aka 0x200000 vs 0x3900000
   mtd4 - rootfs.jffs2 (a fucking copy of the above rootfs?)
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
 <b>FAQ</b>
 This file tries to collect a bunch of common questions/answers about flashing
 <b>*) Why implement a free software flasher?</b>
  The Nokia Internet Tablets are based on Free Software (software libre), but
  not everything included *is* free software, for instance, the firmware flasher
  tool.
  The 0xFFFF project aims to feed the minds of those who really want to
  understand how these gadgets work internally, free the knowledge to
  avoid the restrictions and fill the lack of information on the most
  important part of the system.
  That's it, now you can build and run this flasher on *BSD, w32, MacOSX on ARM,
  powerpc, x86, mips, etc...
 <b>*) Can I brick my device?</b>
  Of course! You're free to do what you want with your device :)
  Seriously. Flashing a device is not a safe thing, so I give no warranty
  of what will happen to your device when using this tool.
  BTW, after a huge number of tests I can say that these devices are hard
  to brick, but if you are scared about bricking your device you should
  use the flasher provided by Nokia, it's better for your heart's health.
 <b>*) What can I do with 0xFFFF?</b>
  Actually 0xFFFF allows you to:
  - flash separated pieces of the firmware.
  - retrieve information about the device
  - reboot de mother board
  - extract the current firmware pieces from the device (reverse flash)
  - set the USB host/slave mode
  - set the R&R mode
  - identify firmware pieces
 <b>*) What is NOLO?</b>
  NOLO is the 'server-side' part of the flasher from Nokia. NOLO means
  NOkia LOader and it's composed by two pieces of the firmware that are
  flashed together.
  On the n800 firmwares, these two pieces are distributed in a single
  file, but when flashing a n770, NOLO requires to provide the xloader
  (without commiting) and then the secondary piece.
  This piece of software is closed source and is the responsable of
  handling the requests from the client-side flasher. It provides a
  query-like interface via usb control messages for doing different
  actions on the device.
 <b>*) How can I identify my device?</b>
  Theorically n770 and n800 have different USB device ID, but this is not
  true at all. The first series of the n800 comes with the same usb-id 
  than n770. That's weird!
  So, the only way to identify the device is by asking nolo for the version
  information of different pieces of the firmware. This can be faked, because
  you can flash n770 stuff on n800 and viceversa, but it's not recommended
  because it wouldn't work :)
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
 <b>Nokia tips</b>
 When developing this tool I've found some bugs and misfeatures that
 should be fixed to make flashing safer and cleaner.
 Before reading the list of the following items I would like to say that
 Nokia has done a wonderful work on this device on the flashing/nolo parts,
 it's really hard to break the device and it works pretty nice. BTW I
 think that there are some things that should be fixed.
 <b>*) Flashing at low battery level</b>
  When the device is under a certain limit of battery it will not start,
  this is done by initfs, without any warning message or so, this really
  scares end users, because the battery level check is done in the initfs
  boot stage, not inside NOLO, so it's possible to flash the device on
  low level batteries.
  This is *really* dangerous and not very user friendly.
 <b>*) Internal nolo state not reset'd</b>
  It's possible to get nolo on a strange state that always returns error
  when flashing pieces, it's mandatory to reboot the device to recover
  the original nolo state and be able to flash again.
  This is an strange and not very clear to me.
 <b>*) Buffer overflows</b>
  The original nokia flasher has some buffer overflow bugs that should
  be fixed. They're safe for 99.9% of cases, but bofs on critical programs
  like this one should not be there.
  If nokia releases the source of the flasher it would be easier to make it
  better and safer. BTW the original flasher is much more secure and reliable
  than this one.
 <b>*) Missing stuff</b>
  There are some flashing options that are not working like passing arguments
  to the kernel, set the hw revision or do a cold flash (the most critical
  part is undocumented).
 <b>*) Weird firmware format</b>
  The (new and old) FIASCO firmware format is not a very clean format, it
  doesn't provide any checksumming facility to ensure that the contents of
  the firmware have been modified or incorrect, so i'll rather encourage
  to design and create a standard firmware format for embedded devices with
  checksumming, signatures, handling libraries, documentation and so.
  I'll happilly collaborate on the design of this open firmware format, and
  it would be used on all the open source-based devices to aim interoperability
  between devices and flashers, providing a more standard and reliable way of
  flashing devices.
  This will ease the development on new devices, so the information and the
  code could be revised and enhaced by zillions of eyes.
 <b>*) Poor checksumming</b>
  The only checksum is a 16 bit xor of the whole firmware piece and it's only
  checked after sending the piece to the device.
  This is not very safe, because 16 bit checksum is a very low-quality
  algorithm. It currently performs a unique check at the end, it could be
  better to check each data block to avoid errors or invalid flashing, isn't it ?
 <b>*) No validation of pieces before flashing</b>
  I've implemented a minimal check of the pieces to avoid flashing invalid
  pieces on the wrong place. This is done in fpid.c (firmware piece identifier).
  This should avoid end users to flash initfs on the kernel or weird things
  that can (pseudo)brick the device.
 <b>*) Reverse flashing</b>
  If you want to test a new firmware, but you don't want to loose all the
  contents of your device. The only way to do that (afaik) is from the
  device. That's done with `0xFFFF -e [path]`.
  IMHO the reverse flashing (dump) should be implemented inside the bootloader
  (NOLO in this case), and allow to retrieve (at least) the most critical
  pieces of the firmware before flashing a new ones, and restore them in
  case of a wrong checksumming (for example)
 <b>*) Documentation</b>
  The nokia flasher comes as is, without documentation. This is not good
  to anybody, because the lack of information is always the root of problems,
  fear and ignorance.
  So giving a minimal documentation about how to use the flasher (not only
  the basic usage stuff (like the maemo community has done in the wiki)
  would be good for everybody.
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
 Consequences of a weird flashing :)<br />
 <img src="img/n770bars.jpg">
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
 Fiasco firmware pieces
 ======================
 The firmware for the maemo devices is composed by a set of pieces containing
 the required parts to update the whole system following a partition layout
 defined by NOLO on the internal flash memory.
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
 <b>Usage guide</b>
 0xFFFF is a free software implementation of the flasher for the Nokia Internet
 Tablets (n770 and n800).
 <pre>
  - flash separated pieces of the firmware.
  - retrieve information about the device
  - reboot de mother board
  - extract the current firmware pieces from the device (dump)
  - set the USB host/slave mode
  - set the R&R mode
  - identify firmware pieces
  </pre>
 This is the help message of the tool:
 <pre>
 <b>~$ 0xFFFF -h</b>
 0xFFFF v0.1  - The Open Free Fiasco Firmware Flasher
 -b [arg]      boots the kernel with arguments
 -e [path]     dump the firmware pieces into the path
 -p [[p:]file] piece-of-firmware : file-where-this-piece-is
 -r [0|1]      disable/enable R&D mode
 -u [fiasco]   unpack target fiasco image
 -U [0|1]      disable/enable the usb host mode
 -h            show this help message
 -i            show device information (let standby mode)
 -I [piece]    identify a firmware piece
 -l            list supported usb device ids
 -d [vid:pid]  injects a usb device into the supported list
 -R            reboot the omap board
 -v            be verbose and noisy
 -V            show 0xFFFF version information
 Pieces are: xloader secondary kernel initfs rootfs omap-nand 
 </pre>
 Before anything we can execute failsafe queries like getting device information:
 <pre> <b>~$ 0xFFFF -i</b></pre>
 This command will put the bootloader in standby mode, so you can now send other
 commands without having to reboot the tablet manually. To reboot the mother
 board via USB type:
 <pre> <b>~$ 0xFFFF -R</b></pre>
 You can run 'offline' commands to identify the type of the firmware pieces:
 <pre> <b>~$ 0xFFFF -I zImage -I xloader.bin -I initfs.jffs2.orig</b>
 kernel: zImage
 xloader: xloader.bin
 initfs: initfs.jffs2.orig</pre>
 If you want to backup your device firmware you can crosscompile the 0xFFFF
 utility and type this on the terminal:
 <pre> <b>~$ sudo gainroot</b>
 ~# mkdir /media/mmc1/firmware
 ~# ./0xFFFF -e /media/mmc1/firmware</pre>
 Now is time to flash something :) By default the flasher identifies the type
 of the piece automatically, but you can force't prefixing the filename with
 the piece-type name. To do this is just as simple as typing:
 <pre> <b>~$ 0xFFFF -p zImage</b></pre>
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
 VERSION=0.1
 OBJ=main.o fiasco.o hexdump.o dump.o flash.o
 OBJ+=hash.o fpid.o query.o pieces.o utils.o
 BIN=0xFFFF
 CFLAGS+=-DVERSION=\"${VERSION}\" -Wall -g
 main: ${OBJ}
 	${CC} ${LDFLAGS} -o ${BIN} ${OBJ} -lusb
 clean:
 	-rm -f ${OBJ} ${BIN}
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
 /*
 * Copyright (C) 2007
 *       pancake <pancake@youterm.com>
 *
 * 0xFFFF is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * 0xFFFF is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with 0xFFFF; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
 *
 */
 #include "main.h"
 #include <usb.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
 int rf_extract(char *dev, off_t from, off_t to, char *file)
 {
 	off_t i, blk = 0xfffff;
 	char buf[0xfffff];
 	FILE *fs = fopen(dev, "rb");
 	FILE *fd = fopen(file, "wb+");
 	if (from>to) {
 		printf("Bad range %lld - %lld for %s\n", from, to, file);
 		goto __rf_extract_exit;
 	}
 	if (fs == NULL) { perror(dev);  goto __rf_extract_exit; }
 	if (fd == NULL) { perror(file); goto __rf_extract_exit; }
 	printf("%s: extracting...", file);
 	fflush(stdout);
 	fseek(fs, from, SEEK_SET);
 	for(i=from;i<to;i+=blk) {
 		int ret;
 		if (i+blk>to) blk = to-i;
 		ret = fread(buf, blk, 1, fs);
 		if (feof(fs)) break;
 		fwrite(buf, blk, 1, fd);
 	}
 	printf("\r%s: %lld bytes dumped from %s\n",
 		file, to-from, dev);
 __rf_extract_exit:
 	if (fs) fclose(fs);
 	if (fd) fclose(fd);
 	return 1;
 }
 int rf_strip(char *file)
 {
 	FILE *fd = fopen(file, "rw");
 	unsigned char buf[4096];
 	int ret;
 	off_t eof = 0;
 	if (!fd) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "Weird! can't open %s???\n", file);
 		exit(0);
 	}
 	printf("Stripping padding from %s... ", file);
 	fflush(stdout);
 	fseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
 	do {
 		fseek(fd, -4096, SEEK_CUR);
 		ret = fread(buf, 1, 4096, fd);
 		fseek(fd, -4096, SEEK_CUR);
 		for(ret--;ret>0;ret--)
 			if (buf[ret]!=0xff) {
 				fseek(fd, ret+1, SEEK_CUR);
 				eof = ftell(fd);
 				goto __done;
 			}
 	} while(1);
 __done:
 	fclose(fd);
 	if (eof) truncate(file, eof);
 	printf("done at %d\n", (int)eof);
 	return 1;
 }
 int is_n800()
 {
 	int n800 = 0;
 	unsigned char buf[4];
 	FILE *fd = fopen("/dev/mtd0", "rb");
 	if (!fd) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "Cannot open /dev/mtd0.\n");
 		exit(1);
 	}
 	fread(buf, 4, 1,fd);
 	if (!memcmp("\xff\xff\xff\xff", buf, 4))
 		n800 = 1;
 	fclose(fd);
 	return n800;
 }
 int reverse_extract_pieces(char *dir)
 {
 	char reply;
 	chdir(dir);
 	rf_extract("/dev/mtd0", is_n800()?0x200:0, 0x003600, "xloader.bin");
 	rf_extract("/dev/mtd0", 0x004000, 0x01ffff,  "secondary.bin");
 	rf_extract("/dev/mtd2", 0x000800, 0x200000,  "zImage");
 	rf_extract("/dev/mtd3", 0x000000, 0x1D00000, "initfs.jffs2");
 	printf("\nWARNING: the rootfs extraction on n800 is known to be buggy! feedback is welcome.\n\n");
 	printf("Extract rootfs? (Y/n): "); fflush(stdout);
 	read(0, &reply, 1);
 	if (reply=='y'||reply=='Y')
 		rf_extract("/dev/mtd4", 0x000000, 0xffffff, "rootfs.jffs2");
 	else	printf("*** Ignoring rootfs\n");
 	rf_strip("xloader.bin");
 	rf_strip("secondary.bin");
 	rf_strip("zImage");
 	rf_strip("initfs.jffs2");
 	printf("Identifying extracted files...\n");
 	printf("%s: xloader\n", fpid_file("xloader.bin"));
 	printf("%s: secondary.bin\n", fpid_file("secondary.bin"));
 	printf("%s: zImage\n", fpid_file("zImage"));
 	printf("%s: initfs.jffs2\n", fpid_file("initfs.jffs2"));
 	return 1;
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
 /*
 * Copyright (C) 2007
 *       pancake <pancake@youterm.com>
 *
 * 0xFFFF is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * 0xFFFF is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with 0xFFFF; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
 *
 */
 #include "main.h"
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #warning The FIASCO format is not yet fully implemented.
 off_t piece_header_to_size(unsigned char *header)
 {
 	off_t sz = 0;
 	sz += header[0x15+3];
 	sz += header[0x15+2] << 8;
 	sz += header[0x15+1] << 16;
 	sz += header[0x15+0] << 24;
 	return sz;
 }
 int piece_header_is_valid(unsigned char *header)
 {
 	if (header[0]=='T' && header[1]=='\x02')
 		return 1;
 	return 0;
 }
 #define piece_header_to_name(x) x+0x9;
 /*
 * Teh Fiasco firmware parser lives here!
 */
 int fiasco_read_image(char *file)
 {
 	int fd;
 	unsigned char header[5];
 	unsigned char version[55];
 	char *version2;
 	fd = open(file, O_RDONLY);
 	printf("WARNING: Fiasco firmware is not yet fully supported. Don't relay on it ATM.\n");
 	if (fd == -1) {
 		printf("Cannot open fiasco image.\n");
 		return -1;
 	}
 	// b4 00 00 00 00 36
 	if (read(fd, header, 5) != 5) {
 		printf("Error reading fiasco header\n");
 		goto __fiasco_read_image_end;
 	}
 	if (header[0] != 0xb4) {
 		printf("Invalid fiasco signature.\n");
 		goto __fiasco_read_image_end;
 	}
 	// skip 6 bytes
 	read(fd, version, 6);
 	// print version header
 	if (read(fd, version, 55) != 55) {
 		printf("Error reading fiasco version.\n");
 		goto __fiasco_read_image_end;
 	}
 	printf("# Fiasco header information:\n");
 	printf("# ==========================\n");
 	printf("# firmware type:    %s\n", version);
 	version2 = version+strlen((char *)version)+3;
 	if (*version2=='.')
 		printf("firmware version: (null) (old firmware? no version string found?)\n");
 	else printf("firmware version: %s\n", version2);
 	// pieces:
 	// after the version2 string starts the header-body loop love
 	lseek(fd, 0xf + strlen(version2) + strlen(version), SEEK_SET);
 	do {
 		char piece_header[30];
 		char description[256];
 		unsigned char desc_len;
 		char *name;
 		off_t size;
 		off_t tmp = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_CUR);
 		size = read(fd, piece_header, 30);
 		if (size != 30) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "Unexpected end of file\n");
 			break;
 		}
 		dump_bytes(piece_header,30);
 		if (!piece_header_is_valid(piece_header)) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "Oops. Invalid piece header.\n");
 			break;
 		}
 		size = piece_header_to_size(piece_header);
 		name = piece_header_to_name(piece_header);
 		printf("# %s is %lld bytes\n", name, size);
 		read(fd, description, 255);
 		printf("#   version: %s\n", description);
 		/* lseek foreach subimage */
 		lseek(fd, tmp, SEEK_SET);
 		lseek(fd, strlen(description) + 0x20, SEEK_CUR);
 		printf("rsc '%s' %lld '%s.bin' 0 %lld\n", file, lseek(fd,0,SEEK_CUR), name, size);
 		lseek(fd, size, SEEK_CUR);
 	} while(1);
 	//printf("Image '%s', size %d bytes.\n", image, size);
 __fiasco_read_image_end:
 	close(fd);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
 /*
 * Copyright (C) 2007
 *       pancake <pancake@youterm.com>
 *
 * 0xFFFF is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * 0xFFFF is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with 0xFFFF; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
 *
 */
 #include "main.h"
 #include "hash.h"
 #include <usb.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 void check_nolo_order_failed()
 {
 	fprintf(stderr, "\nERROR: Provide xloader before the secondary. NOLO disagrees anything else.\n");
 	fprintf(stderr, "Use: -p xloader.bin -p secondary.bin\n");
 	exit(1);
 }
 void check_nolo_order()
 {
 	int i, xlo = 0;
 	for(i=0;i<pcs_n;i++) {
 		if (!strcmp(pcs[i].type, "xloader")) {
 			if (!xlo && ++i<pcs_n) {
 			printf("CHK%s\n", pcs[i].type);
 				xlo++;
 				if (!strcmp(pcs[i].type, "secondary")) {
 					xlo = 0x11;
 					break;
 				} else check_nolo_order_failed();
 			} check_nolo_order_failed();
 		} else
 		if (!strcmp(pcs[i].type, "secondary"))
 			check_nolo_order_failed();
 	}
 	if (xlo && xlo != 0x11)
 		check_nolo_order_failed();
 }
 void flash_image(char *filename, char *piece, char *version)
 {
 	FILE *fd;
 	int vlen = 0;
 	int request;
 	/*/ n800 flash queries have a variable size */
 	unsigned char fquery[256]; /* flash query */
 	unsigned long long size, off;
 	unsigned char bsize[4], tmp;
 	unsigned char nolofiller[128];
 	ushort hash = do_hash_file(filename);
 	if (version)
 		vlen = strlen(version)+1;
 	fd = fopen(filename, "rb");
 	if (fd == NULL) {
 		printf("Cannot open file\n");
 		exit(1);
 	}
 	/* cook flash query */
 	memset(fquery, '\x00', 27);              // reset buffer
 	memcpy(fquery, "\x2e\x19\x01\x01", 4);   // header
 	//memcpy(fquery+5, "\xbf\x6b", 2); // some magic (modified crc16???)
 	memcpy(fquery+5, &hash, 2);
 	tmp = fquery[5]; fquery[5] = fquery[6]; fquery[6] = tmp;
 	memcpy(fquery+7, piece, strlen(piece));  // XXX ??!??
 	printf("| hash: 0x%hhx%hhx ", fquery[5], fquery[6]);
 	size = get_file_size(filename);
 	bsize[0] = (size & 0xff000000) >> 24;
 	bsize[1] = (size & 0x00ff0000) >> 16;
 	bsize[2] = (size & 0x0000ff00) >> 8;
 	bsize[3] = (size & 0x000000ff);
 	printf("size: %lld (%02x %02x %02x %02x)\n",
 		size, bsize[0], bsize[1], bsize[2], bsize[3]);
 	memcpy(fquery+0x13, &bsize, 4);
 	if (vlen) memcpy(fquery+27, version, vlen);
 	if (!strcmp(piece, "rootfs"))
 		request = 85;
 	else    request = 68;
 	//dump_bytes(fquery, 27+vlen);
 	if (usb_control_msg(dev, CMD_WRITE, request, 0, 0, (char *)fquery, 27+vlen, 2000) <0) {
 		perror("flash_image.header");
 		exit(1);
 	}
 	/*/ cook and bulk nollo filler */
 	memset(&nolofiller, '\xff', 128);
 	memcpy(nolofiller+0x00, "NOLO filler", 11);
 	memcpy(nolofiller+0x40, "NOLO filler", 11);
 	usb_bulk_write(dev, 2, (char *)nolofiller, 128, 5000);
 	usb_bulk_write(dev, 2, (char *)nolofiller, 0,   5000);
 	/*/ bulk write image here */
 	printf("[=] Bulkwriting the %s piece...\n", piece);
 	fflush(stdout);
 	for(off = 0; off<size; off += BSIZE) {
 		char buf[BSIZE];
 		int bread, bsize = size-off;
 		if (bsize>BSIZE) bsize = BSIZE;
 		bread = fread(buf, bsize, 1, fd);
 		if (bread != 1)
 			printf("WARNING: Oops wrong read %d vs %d \n", bread, bsize);
 		bread = usb_bulk_write(dev, 2, buf, bsize, 5000);
 		progressbar(off, size);
 		if (bread<0) perror(" -ee- ");
 		fflush(stdout);
 	}
 	fclose(fd);
 	/*/ EOF */
 	usb_bulk_write(dev, 2, (char *)nolofiller, 0, 1000);
 	progressbar(1, 1);
 	printf("\n");
 	// index = 4????
 	if (!strcmp(piece, "rootfs")) {
 		if (usb_control_msg(dev, CMD_WRITE, 82, 0, 0, (char *)fquery, 0, 30000)<0) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "Oops. Invalid checksum?\n");
 			exit(1);
 		}
 	} else {
 		int t = 0;
 		if (!strcmp(piece, "secondary"))
 			t = 1;
 		else
 		if (!strcmp(piece, "kernel"))
 			t = 3;
 		else
 		if (!strcmp(piece, "initfs"))
 			t = 4;
 		if (!strcmp(piece, "xloader"))
 			printf("xloader flashed not commiting until secondary arrives...\n");
 		else
 		if (usb_control_msg(dev, CMD_WRITE, 80, 0, t, (char *)fquery, 0, 10000)<0) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "Oops. Invalid checksum?\n");
 			exit(1);
 		}
 	}
 	// unknown query !! :""
 	if (usb_control_msg(dev, CMD_WRITE, 67, 0, 0, (char *)fquery, 0, 2000)<0) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "Oops, the flash was denied or so :/\n");
 		exit(1);
 	}
 	printf("Flash done succesfully.\n");
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
 /*
 * Copyright (C) 2007
 *       pancake <pancake@youterm.com>
 *
 * 0xFFFF is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * 0xFFFF is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with 0xFFFF; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
 *
 */
 #include "main.h"
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
 char *fpid_file(char *filename)
 {
 	FILE *fd;
 	char buf[512];
 	unsigned char *b = (unsigned char *)&buf;
 	char *piece = NULL;
 	long size;
 	// 2nd      : +0x34 = 2NDAPE
 	// secondary: +0x04 = NOLOScnd
 	// x-loader : +0x14 = X-LOADER
 	// xloader8 : +0x0c = NOLOXldr
 	// kernel   : +0x00 = 0000 a0e1 0000 a0e1
 	// initfs   : <2M...be sure with 3M 0x300000
 	fd = fopen(filename, "r");
 	if (fd == NULL) {
 		printf("Cannot open file '%s'\n", filename);
 		return NULL;
 	}
 	fread(buf, 512, 1, fd);
 	fseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
 	size = ftell(fd);
 	fclose(fd);
 #if 0
 	if (!memcmp(b+0x34, "2NDAPE", 6))
 		return PIECE_2ND;
 	else
 #endif
 	if (!memcmp(b+0x04, "NOLOScnd", 8))
 		return pieces[PIECE_SECONDARY];
 	else
 	if (!memcmp(b+0x14, "X-LOADER", 8))
 		return pieces[PIECE_XLOADER];
 	else
 	if (!memcmp(b+0x0c, "NOLOXldr", 8)) // TODO: this is xloader800, not valid on 770?
 		return pieces[PIECE_XLOADER];
 	else
 	if (!memcmp(b+0x00, "\x00\x00\xa0\xe1\x00\x00\xa0\xe1", 8))
 		return pieces[PIECE_KERNEL];
 	else
 	if (!memcmp(b+0x00, "\x85\x19\x01\xe0", 4)) {
 		/*/ is jffs2 */
 		if (size < 0x300000)
 			return pieces[PIECE_INITFS];
 		return pieces[PIECE_ROOTFS];
 	}
 	return piece;
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
 /*
 * Copyright (C) 2007
 *       pancake <pancake@youterm.com>
 *
 * 0xFFFF is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * 0xFFFF is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with 0xFFFF; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
 *
 */
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include "hash.h"
 usho do_hash(usho *b, int len)
 {
 	usho result = 0;
 	for(len>>=1;len--;b=b+1)
 		result^=b[0];
 	return result;
 }
 usho do_hash_file(char *filename)
 {
 	unsigned char buf[BSIZE];
 	FILE *fd = fopen(filename, "r");
 	usho hash = 0;
 	int ret;
 	if (fd == NULL) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: File '%s' not found.\n", filename);
 		return -1;
 	}
 	do {	ret   = fread(&buf, 1, BSIZE, fd);
 		if (ret == -1)
 			return 0;
 		hash ^= do_hash((usho *)&buf, ret);
 	} while(ret);
 	fclose(fd);
 	return hash;
 }
 #if 0
 main()
 {
 	usho us = do_hash_file("zImage");
 	unsigned char *h= (unsigned char *)&us;
 	printf("%x %x\n",h[0],h[1]);
 }
 #endif
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
 #ifndef _INCLUDE_HASH_H_
 #define _INCLUDE_HASH_H_
 #define usho unsigned short
 #define BSIZE 0x20000
 usho do_hash(usho *b, int len);
 usho do_hash_file(char *filename);
 #endif
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
 /*
 * Copyright (C) 2006-2007
 *       pancake <pancake@youterm.com>
 *
 * radare is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * radare is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with radare; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
 *
 */
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include "hexdump.h"
 char getprintablechar(char a)
 {
 	if (a>=' '&&a<='~')
 		return a;
 	return '.';
 }
 int is_printable (int c)
 {
 	if (c<' '||c>'~') return 0;
 	return 1;
 }
 /*
 * Helper function
 */
 void dump_bytes(unsigned char *buf, int len)
 {
 	int i,j,seek = 0;
 	int inc = 16;
 	for(i=0; i<len; i+=inc) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "0x%08x | ", seek+i);
 		for(j=i;j<i+inc;j++) {
 			if (j>=len) {
 				fprintf(stderr, "   ");
 				continue;
 			}
 			fprintf(stderr, "%02x ", buf[j]);
 		}
 		fprintf(stderr, "  ");
 		for(j=i; j<i+inc; j++) {
 			if (j >= len)
 				fprintf(stderr, " ");
 			else
 			if ( is_printable(buf[j]) )
 				fprintf(stderr, "%c", buf[j]);
 			else	fprintf(stderr, ".");
 		}
 		fprintf(stderr, "\n");
 	}
 	fflush(stderr);
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
 char getprintablechar(char a);
 int is_printable (int c);
 void dump_bytes(unsigned char *buf, int len);
@@ -0,0 +1,343 @@
 /*
 * Copyright (C) 2007
 *       pancake <pancake@youterm.com>
 *
 * 0xFFFF is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * 0xFFFF is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with 0xFFFF; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
 *
 */
 #include "main.h"
 #include <usb.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <getopt.h>
 /* global pr0n */
 struct usb_device *device  = NULL;
 struct usb_dev_handle *dev = NULL;
 char  *fiasco_image = NULL;
 char  *boot_cmdline = NULL;
 char  *reverseto    = NULL;
 int    rdflags      = -1;
 int    usb_mode     = -1;
 int    verbose      = 0;
 int    identify     = 0;
 int    reboot       = 0;
 int    unpack       = 0;
 int    info         = 0;
 /* global structs */
 char *pieces[] = {
  "xloader",    // xloader.bin
  "secondary",  // secondary.bin
  "kernel",     // zImage
  "initfs",     // jffs'd initfs
  "rootfs",     // 80mB of blob
  "omap-nand",  // 8kB of food for the nand
  NULL
 };
 char *modes[]={
  "host",
  "peripheral",
  NULL
 };
 char *root_devices[] = {
  "flash",
  "mmc",
  "usb",
  NULL
 };
 struct devices {
  char *name;
  unsigned short vendor_id;
  unsigned short product_id;
  unsigned short flags;
 };
 #define SUPPORTED_DEVICES 5
 struct devices supported_devices[SUPPORTED_DEVICES] = {
  { "unkn", 0x421, 0x3f00, 0x0000 },  // probably a development board
  { "n770", 0x421, 0x0105, 0x0001 },  // my n770 
  { "n800", 0x421, 0x04c3, 0x0001 },  // a n800 
  { 0 },
  { 0 }
 };
 int is_valid_device(struct usb_device_descriptor *udd)
 {
 	int i;
 	struct devices ptr = supported_devices[0];
 	for(i=0 ; ptr.vendor_id; ptr = supported_devices[++i])
 		if ((udd->idVendor  == ptr.vendor_id)
 		&&  (udd->idProduct == ptr.product_id)) {
 			printf("found %s (%04x:%04x)\n",
 				ptr.name, ptr.vendor_id, ptr.product_id);
 			return 1;
 		}
 	return 0;
 }
 void list_valid_devices()
 {
 	int i;
 	struct devices ptr = supported_devices[0];
 	for(i=0; ptr.vendor_id; ptr = supported_devices[++i])
 		printf("%04x:%04x  %s\n", ptr.vendor_id, ptr.product_id, ptr.name);
 }
 int usb_device_found(struct usb_device_descriptor *udd)
 {
 	if (usb_find_busses() < 0) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "error: no usb busses found.\n");
 		exit(1);
 	} else {
 		if (usb_find_devices() < 0) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "error: no devices found.\n");
 			exit(1);
 		} else {
 			struct usb_bus *bus;
 			for (bus = usb_busses; bus; bus = bus->next) {
 				struct usb_device *dev = bus->devices;
 				D printf("bus: \n");
 				for (; dev; dev = dev->next) { 
 					*udd = dev->descriptor;
 					D printf(" dev (%s) - ", dev->filename);
 					D printf("vendor: %04x product: %04x\n", udd->idVendor, udd->idProduct);
 					if (is_valid_device(udd)) {
 						device = dev;
 						return 1;
 					}
 				}
 			}
 		}
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 /*------------- devices -----------------------*/
 void show_title()
 {
 	printf("0xFFFF v%s  - The Free Fiasco Firmware Flasher\n", VERSION);
 }
 void show_usage()
 {
 	int i;
 	show_title();
 	printf(" -b [arg]      boots the kernel with arguments\n");
 	printf(" -e [path]     dump and extract pieces to path\n");
 	printf(" -p [[p%%]file] piece-of-firmware %% file-where-this-piece-is\n");
 	printf(" -r [0|1]      disable/enable R&D mode\n");
 	printf(" -u [fiasco]   unpack target fiasco image\n");
 	printf(" -U [0|1]      disable/enable the usb host mode\n");
 	printf(" -h            show this help message\n");
 	printf(" -i            show device information (let standby mode)\n");
 	printf(" -I [piece]    identify a firmware piece\n");
 	printf(" -l            list supported usb device ids\n");
 	printf(" -d [vid:pid]  injects a usb device into the supported list\n");
 	printf(" -R            reboot the omap board\n");
 	printf(" -v            be verbose and noisy\n");
 	printf(" -V            show 0xFFFF version information\n");
 	printf("Pieces are: ");
 	for(i=0;pieces[i];i++) printf("%s ", pieces[i]); printf("\n");
 	// serial port support is not yet done (cold flash is for flashing the 8kB nand)
 	// TODO: commandline shell prompt for nolo comm
 	exit(0);
 }
 void unpack_fiasco_image(char *file)
 {
 	fiasco_read_image(file);
 	// TODO
 }
 int query_sw_version()
 {
 	int ret;
 	char bytes[1024];
 	strcpy(bytes, "version:sw-release");
 	ret = usb_control_msg(dev, CMD_WRITE, 18, 0, 0, (char *)&bytes, 18, 2000);
 	if (ret<0) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "error: cannot write query 18\n");
 		return 0;
 	}
 	ret = usb_control_msg(dev, CMD_QUERY, 20, 0, 0, (char *)&bytes, 512, 2000);
 	if (ret<0) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "error: b0rken swversion read!\n");
 		return 0;
 	}
 	printf("SWVERSION GOT: %s\n", bytes); //???+strlen(bytes)+1));
 	return 1;
 }
 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
 	struct usb_device_descriptor udd;
 	int c;
 	while((c = getopt(argc, argv, "p:vVhRu:ib:U:r:e:ld:I:")) != -1) {
 		switch(c) {
 		case 'd':
 			sscanf(optarg, "%04hx:%04hx", 
 				&supported_devices[SUPPORTED_DEVICES-2].vendor_id,
 				&supported_devices[SUPPORTED_DEVICES-2].product_id);
 			supported_devices[SUPPORTED_DEVICES-2].name = strdup("user");
 			break;
 		case 'e':
 			reverseto = optarg;
 			break;
 		case 'U':
 			usb_mode = atoi(optarg);
 			break;
 		case 'r':
 			rdflags = atoi(optarg);
 			break;
 		case 'b':
 			boot_cmdline = optarg;
 			break;
 		case 'u':
 			fiasco_image = optarg;
 			unpack = 1;
 			break;
 		case 'p':
 			add_piece(optarg);
 			break;
 		case 'l':
 			list_valid_devices();
 			return 0;
 		case 'I':
 			printf("%s: %s\n", fpid_file(optarg), optarg);
 			identify = 1;
 			break;
 		case 'i':
 			info = 1;
 			break;
 		case 'v':
 			verbose = 1;
 			break;
 		case 'h':
 			show_usage();
 			break;
 		case 'V':
 			printf("%s\n", VERSION);
 			return 0;
 		case 'R':
 			reboot = 1;
 			break;
 		}
 	}
 	if (identify)
 		return 0;
 	// flags ok?
 	if (    (fiasco_image == NULL)
 	&&	(boot_cmdline == NULL)
 	&&	(reverseto    == NULL)
 	&&	(pcs_n        == 0)
 	&&	(rdflags      == -1)
 	&&	(info         == 0)
 	&&	(reboot       == 0)
 	&&      (usb_mode     == -1))
 	{
 		printf("Usage: 0xFFFF [-hvVRi] [-e path] [-U 0|1] [-p [piece%]file [-p ...]]\n");
 		printf("              [-b boot-args] [-I piece [-I ...]] [-u fiasco-image]\n");
 		return 1;
 	}
 	if (unpack) {
 		unpack_fiasco_image(fiasco_image);
 		return 0;
 	}
 	if (reverseto) {
 		reverse_extract_pieces(reverseto);
 		return 0;
 	}
 	// usb_set_debug(5);
 	usb_init();
 	while(!usb_device_found(&udd)) {
 		char pbc[]={'/','-','\\', '|'};
 		usleep(0xc350); // 0.5s
 		printf("\rWaiting for device... %c", pbc[++c%4]);
 		fflush(stdout);
 	}
 	/*/ open device */
 	dev = usb_open(device);
 	if (dev == NULL) {
 		perror("usb_open");
 		return 1;
 	}
 	// TODO
 	if ( usb_claim_interface(dev, 2) < 0) { // 2 or 0
 		perror("usb_claim_interface");
 		return 1;
 	}
 	if (usb_set_altinterface(dev, 1) < 0) {
 		perror("usb_set_altinterface");
 		return 1;
 	}
 	set_rd_mode(rdflags);
 	/* go go go! */
 	while(get_status());
 	// if (info)
 	sleep(1); // take breath
 	query_root_device(); // only for flashing
 	query_rdmode_device();
 	query_hw_revision(); // get hardware revision:
 	if (pcs_n) {
 		int c;
 		check_nolo_order();
 		query_sw_version();
 		query_nolo_version();
 		for(c=0;c<pcs_n;c++) {
 			printf("Flashing %s (%s)\n", pcs[c].type, pcs[c].name);
 			flash_image(pcs[c].name, pcs[c].type, pcs[c].vers);
 		}
 	}
 	if (usb_mode!=-1)
 		set_usb_host_mode(usb_mode);
 	if (boot_cmdline)
 		boot_board(boot_cmdline);
 	if (reboot)
 		reboot_board();
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
 #ifndef _INCLUDE_MAIN_H_
 #define _INCLUDE_MAIN_H_
 #define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
 #define _GNU_SOURCE
 int reverse_extract_pieces(char *dir);
 void flash_image(char *filename, char *piece, char *version);
 int fiasco_read_image(char *file);
 void check_nolo_order();
 extern struct usb_dev_handle *dev;
 unsigned long get_file_size(char *file);
 void progressbar(unsigned long long part, unsigned long long total);
 int get_status();
 int get_peripheral_host_mode(int foo);
 int boot_board(char *cmdline);
 int boot_board(char *cmdline);
 int reboot_board();
 char *fpid_file(char *filename);
 int set_rd_mode(unsigned short mode);
 int set_usb_host_mode(unsigned short mode);
 int query_hw_revision();
 int query_rdmode_device();
 int query_root_device();
 int query_nolo_version();
 int add_piece(char *piece);
 #define D if (verbose)
 #define CMD_WRITE 64
 #define CMD_QUERY 192
 #define NOLO_GET_STATUS   1
 #define NOLO_GET_BOARD_ID 2
 #define NOLO_GET_VERSION  3
 struct piece_t {
 	char *name;
 	char *type;
 	char *vers;
 };
 extern int pcs_n;
 extern struct piece_t pcs[10];
 enum {
 	PIECE_XLOADER = 0,
 	PIECE_SECONDARY,
 	PIECE_KERNEL,
 	PIECE_INITFS,
 	PIECE_ROOTFS,
 	PIECE_OMAPNAND,
 	PIECE_LAST
 };
 extern char *pieces[];
 extern char *modes[];
 extern char *root_devices[];
 #endif
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
 /*
 * Copyright (C) 2007
 *       pancake <pancake@youterm.com>
 *
 * 0xFFFF is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * 0xFFFF is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with 0xFFFF; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
 *
 */
 #include "main.h"
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 int pcs_n = 0;
 struct piece_t pcs[10];
 int add_piece(char *piece)
 {
 	int i,ok = 0;
 	char *file;
 	if (pcs_n==9) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "Oops...cannot add more pieces. no sense operation!\n");
 		return 0;
 	}
 	file = strchr(piece, '%');
 	if (file) {
 		file[0]='\0';
 		file = file + 1;
 		for(i=0;pieces[i];i++)
 			if (!strcmp(pieces[i], piece))
 				ok = 1;
 		if (!ok) {
 			printf("Invalid piece name.\n");
 			printf("Pieces: ");
 			for(i=0;pieces[i];i++)
 				printf("%s ", pieces[i]);
 			printf("\n");
 			exit(1);
 		}
 		pcs[pcs_n].name = strdup(file);
 		pcs[pcs_n].type = strdup(piece);
 		pcs[pcs_n].vers = NULL; // TODO version string not yet supported
 	} else {
 		/*/ autodetect piece type */
 		pcs[pcs_n].type = fpid_file(piece);
 		if (pcs[pcs_n].type == NULL) {
 			printf("Use -p [piece]:[file]\n");
 			printf("Pieces: ");
 			for(i=0;pieces[i];i++)
 				printf("%s ", pieces[i]);
 			printf("\n");
 			exit(1);
 		} else {
 			pcs[pcs_n].name = strdup(piece);
 			pcs[pcs_n].type = strdup(pcs[pcs_n].type);
 			pcs[pcs_n].vers = NULL;
 		}
 	}
 	pcs_n++;
 	return 1;
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
 /*
 * Copyright (C) 2007
 *       pancake <pancake@youterm.com>
 *
 * 0xFFFF is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * 0xFFFF is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with 0xFFFF; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
 *
 */
 #include "main.h"
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <usb.h>
 /* wait for status = 0 */
 int get_status()
 {
 	int ret = 0;
 	if (usb_control_msg(dev, 192, 1, 0, 0, (char *)&ret, 4, 2000) == -1) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "Cannot get device status.\n");
 		exit(1);
 	}
 	return ret;
 }
 int get_peripheral_host_mode(int foo)
 {
 	//unsigned short mode = 0;
 	// XXX BROKEN
 #if 0
 	if (usb_control_msg(dev, 64, 16, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 2000)) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "Cannot query device.\n");
 		return -1;
 	}
 	printf("Device is in \"%s\" mode (%hd)\n", (mode)?"host":"peripheral", mode);
 #endif
 	return 0;
 }
 /*
 * boot the omap mobo
 */
 int boot_board(char *cmdline)
 {
 	if (usb_control_msg(dev, CMD_WRITE, 130, 0, 0, cmdline, strlen(cmdline), 2000) == -1) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "Cannot boot kernel.\n");
 		perror("boot_board");
 		return -1;
 	}
 	printf("Booting kernel with arguments: '%s'.\n", cmdline);
 	return 0;
 }
 /*
 * reboot the omap mobo
 */
 int reboot_board()
 {
 	// 131 = reboot
 	if (usb_control_msg(dev, CMD_WRITE, 131, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2000) == -1) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "Cannot reboot board.\n");
 		return -1;
 	}
 	printf("Mobo rebooted!\n");
 	return 0;
 }
 int set_rd_mode(unsigned short mode)
 {
 	if (((short)mode)==-1)
 		return 1;
 	if (usb_control_msg(dev, CMD_WRITE, 16, mode, 0, 0, 0, 2000) == -1) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "Cannot set R&D flags.\n");
 		return 1;
 	}
 	printf("rd mode changed to %s\n", mode?"on":"off");
 	return 0;
 }
 // mode = 1 || 0
 int set_usb_host_mode(unsigned short mode)
 {
 	if (usb_control_msg(dev, CMD_WRITE, 16, mode, 2, 0, 0, 2000) == -1) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "Cannot change the usb-host mode.\n");
 		return -1;
 	}
 	printf("USB host mode is %s.\n", mode?"enabled":"disabled");
 	return 0;
 }
 /*
 * query root device
 */
 int query_hw_revision()
 {
 	unsigned char string[512];
 	int i = 0;
 	if (usb_control_msg(dev, CMD_QUERY, 4, 0, 0, (char *)string, 512, 2000) == -1) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "Cannot query hw revision.\n");
 		return -1;
 	}
 	printf("HW revision string: '");
 	for(i=0;i<44;i++) { // XXX ??
 		if (string[i]==0) {
 			printf(" ");
 		} else {
 			if (string[i]>19)
 				printf("%c", string[i]);
 		}
 	}
 	printf("'\n");
 	return 0;
 }
 int query_rdmode_device()
 {
 	char isrd = 1;
 	if (usb_control_msg(dev, CMD_QUERY, 17, 0, 0, (char *)&isrd, 1, 2000) == -1) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "Cannot query rd mode.\n");
 		return -1;
 	}
 	printf("RD mode is: %s\n", isrd?"on":"off");
 	return isrd;
 }
 int query_root_device()
 {
 	unsigned char opcode;
 	if (usb_control_msg(dev, 192, 17, 0, 1, (char *)&opcode, 1, 2000) < 0) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "Cannot query root device\n");
 		return -1;
 	}
 	if (opcode>2) { // use sizeof || enum
 		printf("Invalid root device received from the device '%d'.\n", opcode);
 	}
 	printf("Root device is: %s\n", root_devices[opcode]);
 	return 0;
 }
 int query_nolo_version()
 {
 	unsigned int version; // ensure uint is at least 32 bits
 	//if (usb_control_msg(dev, 192, 3, 0, 1, (char *)&version, 4 , 2000) < 0) {
 	if (usb_control_msg(dev, 192, 3, 0, 0, (char *)&version, 4 , 2000) < 0) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "Cannot query nolo version. Old bootloader version?\n");
 		exit(1);
 	}
 	printf("NOLO Version %d.%d.%d\n",
 		version >> 20 & 15,
 		version >> 16 & 15,
 		version >> 8 & 255);
 	if ((version & 255)> 1)
 		printf("Invalid API version (%d)\n", version&255);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
 /*
 * Copyright (C) 2007
 *       pancake <pancake@youterm.com>
 *
 * 0xFFFF is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * 0xFFFF is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with 0xFFFF; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
 *
 */
 #include "main.h"
 #include <usb.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 unsigned long get_file_size(char *file)
 {
 	FILE *fd = fopen(file, "r");
 	unsigned long len = 0;
 	if (fd == NULL) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "Cannot open file '%s'\n", file);
 		exit(1);
 	}
 	fseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
 	len = ftell(fd);
 	fclose(fd);
 	return len;
 }
 void progressbar(unsigned long long part, unsigned long long total)
 {
        char *columns = getenv("COLUMNS");
 	int pc;
        int tmp, cols = 80;
 	pc = (int)(part*100/total);
        (pc<0)?pc=0:(pc>100)?pc=100:0;
        printf("\e[K  %3d%% [", pc);
        if (columns)
                cols = atoi(columns);
        cols-=15;
        for(tmp=cols*pc/100;tmp;tmp--) printf("#");
        for(tmp=cols-(cols*pc/100);tmp;tmp--) printf("-");
        printf("]\r");
        fflush(stdout);
 }
		`@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@`
							`Consequences of a weird flashing :)<br />`
							`<img src="img/n770bars.jpg">`