Initial vendor packages

Signed-off-by: Valentin Popov <valentin@popov.link>

vendor/clap/examples/tutorial_builder/01_quick.md

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+```console
+$ 01_quick --help
+A simple to use, efficient, and full-featured Command Line Argument Parser
+
+Usage: 01_quick[EXE] [OPTIONS] [name] [COMMAND]
+
+Commands:
+  test  does testing things
+  help  Print this message or the help of the given subcommand(s)
+
+Arguments:
+  [name]  Optional name to operate on
+
+Options:
+  -c, --config <FILE>  Sets a custom config file
+  -d, --debug...       Turn debugging information on
+  -h, --help           Print help
+  -V, --version        Print version
+
+```
+
+By default, the program does nothing:
+```console
+$ 01_quick
+Debug mode is off
+
+```
+
+But you can mix and match the various features
+```console
+$ 01_quick -dd test
+Debug mode is on
+Not printing testing lists...
+
+```

vendor/clap/examples/tutorial_builder/01_quick.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+
+use clap::{arg, command, value_parser, ArgAction, Command};
+
+fn main() {
+    let matches = command!() // requires `cargo` feature
+        .arg(arg!([name] "Optional name to operate on"))
+        .arg(
+            arg!(
+                -c --config <FILE> "Sets a custom config file"
+            )
+            // We don't have syntax yet for optional options, so manually calling `required`
+            .required(false)
+            .value_parser(value_parser!(PathBuf)),
+        )
+        .arg(arg!(
+            -d --debug ... "Turn debugging information on"
+        ))
+        .subcommand(
+            Command::new("test")
+                .about("does testing things")
+                .arg(arg!(-l --list "lists test values").action(ArgAction::SetTrue)),
+        )
+        .get_matches();
+
+    // You can check the value provided by positional arguments, or option arguments
+    if let Some(name) = matches.get_one::<String>("name") {
+        println!("Value for name: {name}");
+    }
+
+    if let Some(config_path) = matches.get_one::<PathBuf>("config") {
+        println!("Value for config: {}", config_path.display());
+    }
+
+    // You can see how many times a particular flag or argument occurred
+    // Note, only flags can have multiple occurrences
+    match matches
+        .get_one::<u8>("debug")
+        .expect("Count's are defaulted")
+    {
+        0 => println!("Debug mode is off"),
+        1 => println!("Debug mode is kind of on"),
+        2 => println!("Debug mode is on"),
+        _ => println!("Don't be crazy"),
+    }
+
+    // You can check for the existence of subcommands, and if found use their
+    // matches just as you would the top level cmd
+    if let Some(matches) = matches.subcommand_matches("test") {
+        // "$ myapp test" was run
+        if matches.get_flag("list") {
+            // "$ myapp test -l" was run
+            println!("Printing testing lists...");
+        } else {
+            println!("Not printing testing lists...");
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Continued program logic goes here...
+}

vendor/clap/examples/tutorial_builder/02_app_settings.md

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+```console
+$ 02_app_settings --help
+A simple to use, efficient, and full-featured Command Line Argument Parser
+
+Usage: 02_app_settings[EXE] --two <VALUE> --one <VALUE>
+
+Options:
+      --two <VALUE>
+          
+      --one <VALUE>
+          
+  -h, --help
+          Print help
+  -V, --version
+          Print version
+
+```

vendor/clap/examples/tutorial_builder/02_app_settings.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+use clap::{arg, command, ArgAction};
+
+fn main() {
+    let matches = command!() // requires `cargo` feature
+        .next_line_help(true)
+        .arg(arg!(--two <VALUE>).required(true).action(ArgAction::Set))
+        .arg(arg!(--one <VALUE>).required(true).action(ArgAction::Set))
+        .get_matches();
+
+    println!(
+        "two: {:?}",
+        matches.get_one::<String>("two").expect("required")
+    );
+    println!(
+        "one: {:?}",
+        matches.get_one::<String>("one").expect("required")
+    );
+}

vendor/clap/examples/tutorial_builder/02_apps.md

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+```console
+$ 02_apps --help
+Does awesome things
+
+Usage: 02_apps[EXE] --two <VALUE> --one <VALUE>
+
+Options:
+      --two <VALUE>  
+      --one <VALUE>  
+  -h, --help         Print help
+  -V, --version      Print version
+
+$ 02_apps --version
+MyApp 1.0
+
+```

vendor/clap/examples/tutorial_builder/02_apps.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+use clap::{arg, Command};
+
+fn main() {
+    let matches = Command::new("MyApp")
+        .version("1.0")
+        .author("Kevin K. <kbknapp@gmail.com>")
+        .about("Does awesome things")
+        .arg(arg!(--two <VALUE>).required(true))
+        .arg(arg!(--one <VALUE>).required(true))
+        .get_matches();
+
+    println!(
+        "two: {:?}",
+        matches.get_one::<String>("two").expect("required")
+    );
+    println!(
+        "one: {:?}",
+        matches.get_one::<String>("one").expect("required")
+    );
+}

vendor/clap/examples/tutorial_builder/02_crate.md

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+```console
+$ 02_crate --help
+A simple to use, efficient, and full-featured Command Line Argument Parser
+
+Usage: 02_crate[EXE] --two <VALUE> --one <VALUE>
+
+Options:
+      --two <VALUE>  
+      --one <VALUE>  
+  -h, --help         Print help
+  -V, --version      Print version
+
+$ 02_crate --version
+clap [..]
+
+```

vendor/clap/examples/tutorial_builder/02_crate.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+use clap::{arg, command};
+
+fn main() {
+    // requires `cargo` feature, reading name, version, author, and description from `Cargo.toml`
+    let matches = command!()
+        .arg(arg!(--two <VALUE>).required(true))
+        .arg(arg!(--one <VALUE>).required(true))
+        .get_matches();
+
+    println!(
+        "two: {:?}",
+        matches.get_one::<String>("two").expect("required")
+    );
+    println!(
+        "one: {:?}",
+        matches.get_one::<String>("one").expect("required")
+    );
+}

vendor/clap/examples/tutorial_builder/03_01_flag_bool.md

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+```console
+$ 03_01_flag_bool --help
+A simple to use, efficient, and full-featured Command Line Argument Parser
+
+Usage: 03_01_flag_bool[EXE] [OPTIONS]
+
+Options:
+  -v, --verbose  
+  -h, --help     Print help
+  -V, --version  Print version
+
+$ 03_01_flag_bool
+verbose: false
+
+$ 03_01_flag_bool --verbose
+verbose: true
+
+$ 03_01_flag_bool --verbose --verbose
+? failed
+error: the argument '--verbose' cannot be used multiple times
+
+Usage: 03_01_flag_bool[EXE] [OPTIONS]
+
+For more information, try '--help'.
+
+```

vendor/clap/examples/tutorial_builder/03_01_flag_bool.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+use clap::{command, Arg, ArgAction};
+
+fn main() {
+    let matches = command!() // requires `cargo` feature
+        .arg(
+            Arg::new("verbose")
+                .short('v')
+                .long("verbose")
+                .action(ArgAction::SetTrue),
+        )
+        .get_matches();
+
+    println!("verbose: {:?}", matches.get_flag("verbose"));
+}

vendor/clap/examples/tutorial_builder/03_01_flag_count.md

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+```console
+$ 03_01_flag_count --help
+A simple to use, efficient, and full-featured Command Line Argument Parser
+
+Usage: 03_01_flag_count[EXE] [OPTIONS]
+
+Options:
+  -v, --verbose...  
+  -h, --help        Print help
+  -V, --version     Print version
+
+$ 03_01_flag_count
+verbose: 0
+
+$ 03_01_flag_count --verbose
+verbose: 1
+
+$ 03_01_flag_count --verbose --verbose
+verbose: 2
+
+```

vendor/clap/examples/tutorial_builder/03_01_flag_count.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+use clap::{command, Arg, ArgAction};
+
+fn main() {
+    let matches = command!() // requires `cargo` feature
+        .arg(
+            Arg::new("verbose")
+                .short('v')
+                .long("verbose")
+                .action(ArgAction::Count),
+        )
+        .get_matches();
+
+    println!("verbose: {:?}", matches.get_count("verbose"));
+}

vendor/clap/examples/tutorial_builder/03_02_option.md

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+```console
+$ 03_02_option --help
+A simple to use, efficient, and full-featured Command Line Argument Parser
+
+Usage: 03_02_option[EXE] [OPTIONS]
+
+Options:
+  -n, --name <name>  
+  -h, --help         Print help
+  -V, --version      Print version
+
+$ 03_02_option
+name: None
+
+$ 03_02_option --name bob
+name: Some("bob")
+
+$ 03_02_option --name=bob
+name: Some("bob")
+
+$ 03_02_option -n bob
+name: Some("bob")
+
+$ 03_02_option -n=bob
+name: Some("bob")
+
+$ 03_02_option -nbob
+name: Some("bob")
+
+```

vendor/clap/examples/tutorial_builder/03_02_option.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+use clap::{command, Arg};
+
+fn main() {
+    let matches = command!() // requires `cargo` feature
+        .arg(Arg::new("name").short('n').long("name"))
+        .get_matches();
+
+    println!("name: {:?}", matches.get_one::<String>("name"));
+}

vendor/clap/examples/tutorial_builder/03_02_option_mult.md

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+```console
+$ 03_02_option_mult --help
+A simple to use, efficient, and full-featured Command Line Argument Parser
+
+Usage: 03_02_option_mult[EXE] [OPTIONS]
+
+Options:
+  -n, --name <name>  
+  -h, --help         Print help
+  -V, --version      Print version
+
+$ 03_02_option_mult
+name: None
+
+$ 03_02_option_mult --name bob
+name: Some("bob")
+
+$ 03_02_option_mult --name=bob
+name: Some("bob")
+
+$ 03_02_option_mult -n bob
+name: Some("bob")
+
+$ 03_02_option_mult -n=bob
+name: Some("bob")
+
+$ 03_02_option_mult -nbob
+name: Some("bob")
+
+```

vendor/clap/examples/tutorial_builder/03_02_option_mult.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+use clap::{command, Arg, ArgAction};
+
+fn main() {
+    let matches = command!() // requires `cargo` feature
+        .arg(
+            Arg::new("name")
+                .short('n')
+                .long("name")
+                .action(ArgAction::Append),
+        )
+        .get_matches();
+
+    println!("name: {:?}", matches.get_one::<String>("name"));
+}

vendor/clap/examples/tutorial_builder/03_03_positional.md

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+```console
+$ 03_03_positional --help
+A simple to use, efficient, and full-featured Command Line Argument Parser
+
+Usage: 03_03_positional[EXE] [name]
+
+Arguments:
+  [name]  
+
+Options:
+  -h, --help     Print help
+  -V, --version  Print version
+
+$ 03_03_positional
+name: None
+
+$ 03_03_positional bob
+name: Some("bob")
+
+```

vendor/clap/examples/tutorial_builder/03_03_positional.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+use clap::{command, Arg};
+
+fn main() {
+    let matches = command!() // requires `cargo` feature
+        .arg(Arg::new("name"))
+        .get_matches();
+
+    println!("name: {:?}", matches.get_one::<String>("name"));
+}

vendor/clap/examples/tutorial_builder/03_03_positional_mult.md

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+```console
+$ 03_03_positional_mult --help
+A simple to use, efficient, and full-featured Command Line Argument Parser
+
+Usage: 03_03_positional_mult[EXE] [name]...
+
+Arguments:
+  [name]...  
+
+Options:
+  -h, --help     Print help
+  -V, --version  Print version
+
+$ 03_03_positional_mult
+names: []
+
+$ 03_03_positional_mult bob
+names: ["bob"]
+
+$ 03_03_positional_mult bob john
+names: ["bob", "john"]
+
+```

vendor/clap/examples/tutorial_builder/03_03_positional_mult.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+use clap::{command, Arg, ArgAction};
+
+fn main() {
+    let matches = command!() // requires `cargo` feature
+        .arg(Arg::new("name").action(ArgAction::Append))
+        .get_matches();
+
+    let args = matches
+        .get_many::<String>("name")
+        .unwrap_or_default()
+        .map(|v| v.as_str())
+        .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+    println!("names: {:?}", &args);
+}

vendor/clap/examples/tutorial_builder/03_04_subcommands.md

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+```console
+$ 03_04_subcommands help
+A simple to use, efficient, and full-featured Command Line Argument Parser
+
+Usage: 03_04_subcommands[EXE] <COMMAND>
+
+Commands:
+  add   Adds files to myapp
+  help  Print this message or the help of the given subcommand(s)
+
+Options:
+  -h, --help     Print help
+  -V, --version  Print version
+
+$ 03_04_subcommands help add
+Adds files to myapp
+
+Usage: 03_04_subcommands[EXE] add [NAME]
+
+Arguments:
+  [NAME]  
+
+Options:
+  -h, --help     Print help
+  -V, --version  Print version
+
+$ 03_04_subcommands add bob
+'myapp add' was used, name is: Some("bob")
+
+```
+
+Because we set [`Command::arg_required_else_help`][crate::Command::arg_required_else_help]:
+```console
+$ 03_04_subcommands
+? failed
+A simple to use, efficient, and full-featured Command Line Argument Parser
+
+Usage: 03_04_subcommands[EXE] <COMMAND>
+
+Commands:
+  add   Adds files to myapp
+  help  Print this message or the help of the given subcommand(s)
+
+Options:
+  -h, --help     Print help
+  -V, --version  Print version
+
+```
+
+Since we specified [`Command::propagate_version`][crate::Command::propagate_version], the `--version` flag
+is available in all subcommands:
+```console
+$ 03_04_subcommands --version
+clap [..]
+
+$ 03_04_subcommands add --version
+clap-add [..]
+
+```

vendor/clap/examples/tutorial_builder/03_04_subcommands.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+use clap::{arg, command, Command};
+
+fn main() {
+    let matches = command!() // requires `cargo` feature
+        .propagate_version(true)
+        .subcommand_required(true)
+        .arg_required_else_help(true)
+        .subcommand(
+            Command::new("add")
+                .about("Adds files to myapp")
+                .arg(arg!([NAME])),
+        )
+        .get_matches();
+
+    match matches.subcommand() {
+        Some(("add", sub_matches)) => println!(
+            "'myapp add' was used, name is: {:?}",
+            sub_matches.get_one::<String>("NAME")
+        ),
+        _ => unreachable!("Exhausted list of subcommands and subcommand_required prevents `None`"),
+    }
+}

vendor/clap/examples/tutorial_builder/03_05_default_values.md

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+```console
+$ 03_05_default_values --help
+A simple to use, efficient, and full-featured Command Line Argument Parser
+
+Usage: 03_05_default_values[EXE] [PORT]
+
+Arguments:
+  [PORT]  [default: 2020]
+
+Options:
+  -h, --help     Print help
+  -V, --version  Print version
+
+$ 03_05_default_values
+port: 2020
+
+$ 03_05_default_values 22
+port: 22
+
+```

vendor/clap/examples/tutorial_builder/03_05_default_values.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+use clap::{arg, command, value_parser};
+
+fn main() {
+    let matches = command!() // requires `cargo` feature
+        .arg(
+            arg!([PORT])
+                .value_parser(value_parser!(u16))
+                .default_value("2020"),
+        )
+        .get_matches();
+
+    println!(
+        "port: {:?}",
+        matches
+            .get_one::<u16>("PORT")
+            .expect("default ensures there is always a value")
+    );
+}

vendor/clap/examples/tutorial_builder/04_01_enum.md

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+```console
+$ 04_01_enum --help
+A simple to use, efficient, and full-featured Command Line Argument Parser
+
+Usage: 04_01_enum[EXE] <MODE>
+
+Arguments:
+  <MODE>
+          What mode to run the program in
+
+          Possible values:
+          - fast: Run swiftly
+          - slow: Crawl slowly but steadily
+
+Options:
+  -h, --help
+          Print help (see a summary with '-h')
+
+  -V, --version
+          Print version
+
+$ 04_01_enum -h
+A simple to use, efficient, and full-featured Command Line Argument Parser
+
+Usage: 04_01_enum[EXE] <MODE>
+
+Arguments:
+  <MODE>  What mode to run the program in [possible values: fast, slow]
+
+Options:
+  -h, --help     Print help (see more with '--help')
+  -V, --version  Print version
+
+$ 04_01_enum fast
+Hare
+
+$ 04_01_enum slow
+Tortoise
+
+$ 04_01_enum medium
+? failed
+error: invalid value 'medium' for '<MODE>'
+  [possible values: fast, slow]
+
+For more information, try '--help'.
+
+```

vendor/clap/examples/tutorial_builder/04_01_enum.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+use clap::{arg, builder::PossibleValue, command, value_parser, ValueEnum};
+
+#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord)]
+enum Mode {
+    Fast,
+    Slow,
+}
+
+// Can also be derived with feature flag `derive`
+impl ValueEnum for Mode {
+    fn value_variants<'a>() -> &'a [Self] {
+        &[Mode::Fast, Mode::Slow]
+    }
+
+    fn to_possible_value<'a>(&self) -> Option<PossibleValue> {
+        Some(match self {
+            Mode::Fast => PossibleValue::new("fast").help("Run swiftly"),
+            Mode::Slow => PossibleValue::new("slow").help("Crawl slowly but steadily"),
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+impl std::fmt::Display for Mode {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        self.to_possible_value()
+            .expect("no values are skipped")
+            .get_name()
+            .fmt(f)
+    }
+}
+
+impl std::str::FromStr for Mode {
+    type Err = String;
+
+    fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Self, Self::Err> {
+        for variant in Self::value_variants() {
+            if variant.to_possible_value().unwrap().matches(s, false) {
+                return Ok(*variant);
+            }
+        }
+        Err(format!("invalid variant: {s}"))
+    }
+}
+
+fn main() {
+    let matches = command!() // requires `cargo` feature
+        .arg(
+            arg!(<MODE>)
+                .help("What mode to run the program in")
+                .value_parser(value_parser!(Mode)),
+        )
+        .get_matches();
+
+    // Note, it's safe to call unwrap() because the arg is required
+    match matches
+        .get_one::<Mode>("MODE")
+        .expect("'MODE' is required and parsing will fail if its missing")
+    {
+        Mode::Fast => {
+            println!("Hare");
+        }
+        Mode::Slow => {
+            println!("Tortoise");
+        }
+    }
+}

vendor/clap/examples/tutorial_builder/04_01_possible.md

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+```console
+$ 04_01_possible --help
+A simple to use, efficient, and full-featured Command Line Argument Parser
+
+Usage: 04_01_possible[EXE] <MODE>
+
+Arguments:
+  <MODE>  What mode to run the program in [possible values: fast, slow]
+
+Options:
+  -h, --help     Print help
+  -V, --version  Print version
+
+$ 04_01_possible fast
+Hare
+
+$ 04_01_possible slow
+Tortoise
+
+$ 04_01_possible medium
+? failed
+error: invalid value 'medium' for '<MODE>'
+  [possible values: fast, slow]
+
+For more information, try '--help'.
+
+```

vendor/clap/examples/tutorial_builder/04_01_possible.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+use clap::{arg, command};
+
+fn main() {
+    let matches = command!() // requires `cargo` feature
+        .arg(
+            arg!(<MODE>)
+                .help("What mode to run the program in")
+                .value_parser(["fast", "slow"]),
+        )
+        .get_matches();
+
+    // Note, it's safe to call unwrap() because the arg is required
+    match matches
+        .get_one::<String>("MODE")
+        .expect("'MODE' is required and parsing will fail if its missing")
+        .as_str()
+    {
+        "fast" => {
+            println!("Hare");
+        }
+        "slow" => {
+            println!("Tortoise");
+        }
+        _ => unreachable!(),
+    }
+}

vendor/clap/examples/tutorial_builder/04_02_parse.md

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+```console
+$ 04_02_parse --help
+A simple to use, efficient, and full-featured Command Line Argument Parser
+
+Usage: 04_02_parse[EXE] <PORT>
+
+Arguments:
+  <PORT>  Network port to use
+
+Options:
+  -h, --help     Print help
+  -V, --version  Print version
+
+$ 04_02_parse 22
+PORT = 22
+
+$ 04_02_parse foobar
+? failed
+error: invalid value 'foobar' for '<PORT>': invalid digit found in string
+
+For more information, try '--help'.
+
+$ 04_02_parse_derive 0
+? failed
+error: invalid value '0' for '<PORT>': 0 is not in 1..=65535
+
+For more information, try '--help'.
+
+```

vendor/clap/examples/tutorial_builder/04_02_parse.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+use clap::{arg, command, value_parser};
+
+fn main() {
+    let matches = command!() // requires `cargo` feature
+        .arg(
+            arg!(<PORT>)
+                .help("Network port to use")
+                .value_parser(value_parser!(u16).range(1..)),
+        )
+        .get_matches();
+
+    // Note, it's safe to call unwrap() because the arg is required
+    let port: u16 = *matches
+        .get_one::<u16>("PORT")
+        .expect("'PORT' is required and parsing will fail if its missing");
+    println!("PORT = {port}");
+}

vendor/clap/examples/tutorial_builder/04_02_validate.md

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+```console
+$ 04_02_validate --help
+A simple to use, efficient, and full-featured Command Line Argument Parser
+
+Usage: 04_02_validate[EXE] <PORT>
+
+Arguments:
+  <PORT>  Network port to use
+
+Options:
+  -h, --help     Print help
+  -V, --version  Print version
+
+$ 04_02_validate 22
+PORT = 22
+
+$ 04_02_validate foobar
+? failed
+error: invalid value 'foobar' for '<PORT>': `foobar` isn't a port number
+
+For more information, try '--help'.
+
+$ 04_02_validate 0
+? failed
+error: invalid value '0' for '<PORT>': port not in range 1-65535
+
+For more information, try '--help'.
+
+```

vendor/clap/examples/tutorial_builder/04_02_validate.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+use std::ops::RangeInclusive;
+
+use clap::{arg, command};
+
+fn main() {
+    let matches = command!() // requires `cargo` feature
+        .arg(
+            arg!(<PORT>)
+                .help("Network port to use")
+                .value_parser(port_in_range),
+        )
+        .get_matches();
+
+    // Note, it's safe to call unwrap() because the arg is required
+    let port: u16 = *matches
+        .get_one::<u16>("PORT")
+        .expect("'PORT' is required and parsing will fail if its missing");
+    println!("PORT = {port}");
+}
+
+const PORT_RANGE: RangeInclusive<usize> = 1..=65535;
+
+fn port_in_range(s: &str) -> Result<u16, String> {
+    let port: usize = s
+        .parse()
+        .map_err(|_| format!("`{s}` isn't a port number"))?;
+    if PORT_RANGE.contains(&port) {
+        Ok(port as u16)
+    } else {
+        Err(format!(
+            "port not in range {}-{}",
+            PORT_RANGE.start(),
+            PORT_RANGE.end()
+        ))
+    }
+}

vendor/clap/examples/tutorial_builder/04_03_relations.md

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+```console
+$ 04_03_relations --help
+A simple to use, efficient, and full-featured Command Line Argument Parser
+
+Usage: 04_03_relations[EXE] [OPTIONS] <--set-ver <VER>|--major|--minor|--patch> [INPUT_FILE]
+
+Arguments:
+  [INPUT_FILE]  some regular input
+
+Options:
+      --set-ver <VER>      set version manually
+      --major              auto inc major
+      --minor              auto inc minor
+      --patch              auto inc patch
+      --spec-in <SPEC_IN>  some special input argument
+  -c <CONFIG>              
+  -h, --help               Print help
+  -V, --version            Print version
+
+$ 04_03_relations
+? failed
+error: the following required arguments were not provided:
+  <--set-ver <VER>|--major|--minor|--patch>
+
+Usage: 04_03_relations[EXE] <--set-ver <VER>|--major|--minor|--patch> [INPUT_FILE]
+
+For more information, try '--help'.
+
+$ 04_03_relations --major
+Version: 2.2.3
+
+$ 04_03_relations --major --minor
+? failed
+error: the argument '--major' cannot be used with '--minor'
+
+Usage: 04_03_relations[EXE] <--set-ver <VER>|--major|--minor|--patch> [INPUT_FILE]
+
+For more information, try '--help'.
+
+$ 04_03_relations --major -c config.toml
+? failed
+error: the following required arguments were not provided:
+  <INPUT_FILE|--spec-in <SPEC_IN>>
+
+Usage: 04_03_relations[EXE] -c <CONFIG> <--set-ver <VER>|--major|--minor|--patch> <INPUT_FILE|--spec-in <SPEC_IN>>
+
+For more information, try '--help'.
+
+$ 04_03_relations --major -c config.toml --spec-in input.txt
+Version: 2.2.3
+Doing work using input input.txt and config config.toml
+
+```

vendor/clap/examples/tutorial_builder/04_03_relations.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+
+use clap::{arg, command, value_parser, ArgAction, ArgGroup};
+
+fn main() {
+    // Create application like normal
+    let matches = command!() // requires `cargo` feature
+        // Add the version arguments
+        .arg(arg!(--"set-ver" <VER> "set version manually"))
+        .arg(arg!(--major         "auto inc major").action(ArgAction::SetTrue))
+        .arg(arg!(--minor         "auto inc minor").action(ArgAction::SetTrue))
+        .arg(arg!(--patch         "auto inc patch").action(ArgAction::SetTrue))
+        // Create a group, make it required, and add the above arguments
+        .group(
+            ArgGroup::new("vers")
+                .required(true)
+                .args(["set-ver", "major", "minor", "patch"]),
+        )
+        // Arguments can also be added to a group individually, these two arguments
+        // are part of the "input" group which is not required
+        .arg(
+            arg!([INPUT_FILE] "some regular input")
+                .value_parser(value_parser!(PathBuf))
+                .group("input"),
+        )
+        .arg(
+            arg!(--"spec-in" <SPEC_IN> "some special input argument")
+                .value_parser(value_parser!(PathBuf))
+                .group("input"),
+        )
+        // Now let's assume we have a -c [config] argument which requires one of
+        // (but **not** both) the "input" arguments
+        .arg(
+            arg!(config: -c <CONFIG>)
+                .value_parser(value_parser!(PathBuf))
+                .requires("input"),
+        )
+        .get_matches();
+
+    // Let's assume the old version 1.2.3
+    let mut major = 1;
+    let mut minor = 2;
+    let mut patch = 3;
+
+    // See if --set-ver was used to set the version manually
+    let version = if let Some(ver) = matches.get_one::<String>("set-ver") {
+        ver.to_owned()
+    } else {
+        // Increment the one requested (in a real program, we'd reset the lower numbers)
+        let (maj, min, pat) = (
+            matches.get_flag("major"),
+            matches.get_flag("minor"),
+            matches.get_flag("patch"),
+        );
+        match (maj, min, pat) {
+            (true, _, _) => major += 1,
+            (_, true, _) => minor += 1,
+            (_, _, true) => patch += 1,
+            _ => unreachable!(),
+        };
+        format!("{major}.{minor}.{patch}")
+    };
+
+    println!("Version: {version}");
+
+    // Check for usage of -c
+    if matches.contains_id("config") {
+        let input = matches
+            .get_one::<PathBuf>("INPUT_FILE")
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| matches.get_one::<PathBuf>("spec-in").unwrap())
+            .display();
+        println!(
+            "Doing work using input {} and config {}",
+            input,
+            matches.get_one::<PathBuf>("config").unwrap().display()
+        );
+    }
+}

vendor/clap/examples/tutorial_builder/04_04_custom.md

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+```console
+$ 04_04_custom --help
+A simple to use, efficient, and full-featured Command Line Argument Parser
+
+Usage: 04_04_custom[EXE] [OPTIONS] [INPUT_FILE]
+
+Arguments:
+  [INPUT_FILE]  some regular input
+
+Options:
+      --set-ver <VER>      set version manually
+      --major              auto inc major
+      --minor              auto inc minor
+      --patch              auto inc patch
+      --spec-in <SPEC_IN>  some special input argument
+  -c <CONFIG>              
+  -h, --help               Print help
+  -V, --version            Print version
+
+$ 04_04_custom
+? failed
+error: Can only modify one version field
+
+Usage: 04_04_custom[EXE] [OPTIONS] [INPUT_FILE]
+
+For more information, try '--help'.
+
+$ 04_04_custom --major
+Version: 2.2.3
+
+$ 04_04_custom --major --minor
+? failed
+error: Can only modify one version field
+
+Usage: 04_04_custom[EXE] [OPTIONS] [INPUT_FILE]
+
+For more information, try '--help'.
+
+$ 04_04_custom --major -c config.toml
+? failed
+Version: 2.2.3
+error: INPUT_FILE or --spec-in is required when using --config
+
+Usage: 04_04_custom[EXE] [OPTIONS] [INPUT_FILE]
+
+For more information, try '--help'.
+
+$ 04_04_custom --major -c config.toml --spec-in input.txt
+Version: 2.2.3
+Doing work using input input.txt and config config.toml
+
+```

vendor/clap/examples/tutorial_builder/04_04_custom.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+
+use clap::error::ErrorKind;
+use clap::{arg, command, value_parser, ArgAction};
+
+fn main() {
+    // Create application like normal
+    let mut cmd = command!() // requires `cargo` feature
+        // Add the version arguments
+        .arg(arg!(--"set-ver" <VER> "set version manually"))
+        .arg(arg!(--major         "auto inc major").action(ArgAction::SetTrue))
+        .arg(arg!(--minor         "auto inc minor").action(ArgAction::SetTrue))
+        .arg(arg!(--patch         "auto inc patch").action(ArgAction::SetTrue))
+        // Arguments can also be added to a group individually, these two arguments
+        // are part of the "input" group which is not required
+        .arg(arg!([INPUT_FILE] "some regular input").value_parser(value_parser!(PathBuf)))
+        .arg(
+            arg!(--"spec-in" <SPEC_IN> "some special input argument")
+                .value_parser(value_parser!(PathBuf)),
+        )
+        // Now let's assume we have a -c [config] argument which requires one of
+        // (but **not** both) the "input" arguments
+        .arg(arg!(config: -c <CONFIG>).value_parser(value_parser!(PathBuf)));
+    let matches = cmd.get_matches_mut();
+
+    // Let's assume the old version 1.2.3
+    let mut major = 1;
+    let mut minor = 2;
+    let mut patch = 3;
+
+    // See if --set-ver was used to set the version manually
+    let version = if let Some(ver) = matches.get_one::<String>("set-ver") {
+        if matches.get_flag("major") || matches.get_flag("minor") || matches.get_flag("patch") {
+            cmd.error(
+                ErrorKind::ArgumentConflict,
+                "Can't do relative and absolute version change",
+            )
+            .exit();
+        }
+        ver.to_string()
+    } else {
+        // Increment the one requested (in a real program, we'd reset the lower numbers)
+        let (maj, min, pat) = (
+            matches.get_flag("major"),
+            matches.get_flag("minor"),
+            matches.get_flag("patch"),
+        );
+        match (maj, min, pat) {
+            (true, false, false) => major += 1,
+            (false, true, false) => minor += 1,
+            (false, false, true) => patch += 1,
+            _ => {
+                cmd.error(
+                    ErrorKind::ArgumentConflict,
+                    "Can only modify one version field",
+                )
+                .exit();
+            }
+        };
+        format!("{major}.{minor}.{patch}")
+    };
+
+    println!("Version: {version}");
+
+    // Check for usage of -c
+    if matches.contains_id("config") {
+        let input = matches
+            .get_one::<PathBuf>("INPUT_FILE")
+            .or_else(|| matches.get_one::<PathBuf>("spec-in"))
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| {
+                cmd.error(
+                    ErrorKind::MissingRequiredArgument,
+                    "INPUT_FILE or --spec-in is required when using --config",
+                )
+                .exit()
+            })
+            .display();
+        println!(
+            "Doing work using input {} and config {}",
+            input,
+            matches.get_one::<PathBuf>("config").unwrap().display()
+        );
+    }
+}

vendor/clap/examples/tutorial_builder/05_01_assert.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+use clap::{arg, command, value_parser};
+
+fn main() {
+    let matches = cmd().get_matches();
+
+    // Note, it's safe to call unwrap() because the arg is required
+    let port: usize = *matches
+        .get_one::<usize>("PORT")
+        .expect("'PORT' is required and parsing will fail if its missing");
+    println!("PORT = {port}");
+}
+
+fn cmd() -> clap::Command {
+    command!() // requires `cargo` feature
+        .arg(
+            arg!(<PORT>)
+                .help("Network port to use")
+                .value_parser(value_parser!(usize)),
+        )
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn verify_cmd() {
+    cmd().debug_assert();
+}