Initial vendor packages

Signed-off-by: Valentin Popov <valentin@popov.link>

vendor/tiff/src/bytecast.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+//! Trivial, internal byte transmutation.
+//!
+//! A dependency like bytemuck would give us extra assurance of the safety but overall would not
+//! reduce the amount of total unsafety. We don't use it in the interface where the traits would
+//! really become useful.
+//!
+//! SAFETY: These are benign casts as we apply them to fixed size integer types only. All of them
+//! are naturally aligned, valid for all bit patterns and their alignment is surely at most their
+//! size (we assert the latter fact since it is 'implementation defined' if following the letter of
+//! the unsafe code guidelines).
+//!
+//! TODO: Would like to use std-lib here.
+use std::{mem, slice};
+
+macro_rules! integral_slice_as_bytes{($int:ty, $const:ident $(,$mut:ident)*) => {
+    pub(crate) fn $const(slice: &[$int]) -> &[u8] {
+        assert!(mem::align_of::<$int>() <= mem::size_of::<$int>());
+        unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts(slice.as_ptr() as *const u8, mem::size_of_val(slice)) }
+    }
+    $(pub(crate) fn $mut(slice: &mut [$int]) -> &mut [u8] {
+        assert!(mem::align_of::<$int>() <= mem::size_of::<$int>());
+        unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts_mut(slice.as_mut_ptr() as *mut u8, mem::size_of_val(slice)) }
+    })*
+}}
+
+integral_slice_as_bytes!(i8, i8_as_ne_bytes, i8_as_ne_mut_bytes);
+integral_slice_as_bytes!(u16, u16_as_ne_bytes, u16_as_ne_mut_bytes);
+integral_slice_as_bytes!(i16, i16_as_ne_bytes, i16_as_ne_mut_bytes);
+integral_slice_as_bytes!(u32, u32_as_ne_bytes, u32_as_ne_mut_bytes);
+integral_slice_as_bytes!(i32, i32_as_ne_bytes, i32_as_ne_mut_bytes);
+integral_slice_as_bytes!(u64, u64_as_ne_bytes, u64_as_ne_mut_bytes);
+integral_slice_as_bytes!(i64, i64_as_ne_bytes, i64_as_ne_mut_bytes);
+integral_slice_as_bytes!(f32, f32_as_ne_bytes, f32_as_ne_mut_bytes);
+integral_slice_as_bytes!(f64, f64_as_ne_bytes, f64_as_ne_mut_bytes);

vendor/tiff/src/decoder/ifd.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,670 @@
+//! Function for reading TIFF tags
+
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::convert::{TryFrom, TryInto};
+use std::io::{self, Read, Seek};
+use std::mem;
+use std::str;
+
+use super::stream::{ByteOrder, EndianReader, SmartReader};
+use crate::tags::{Tag, Type};
+use crate::{TiffError, TiffFormatError, TiffResult};
+
+use self::Value::{
+    Ascii, Byte, Double, Float, Ifd, IfdBig, List, Rational, RationalBig, SRational, SRationalBig,
+    Short, Signed, SignedBig, Unsigned, UnsignedBig,
+};
+
+#[allow(unused_qualifications)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
+#[non_exhaustive]
+pub enum Value {
+    Byte(u8),
+    Short(u16),
+    Signed(i32),
+    SignedBig(i64),
+    Unsigned(u32),
+    UnsignedBig(u64),
+    Float(f32),
+    Double(f64),
+    List(Vec<Value>),
+    Rational(u32, u32),
+    RationalBig(u64, u64),
+    SRational(i32, i32),
+    SRationalBig(i64, i64),
+    Ascii(String),
+    Ifd(u32),
+    IfdBig(u64),
+}
+
+impl Value {
+    pub fn into_u8(self) -> TiffResult<u8> {
+        match self {
+            Byte(val) => Ok(val),
+            val => Err(TiffError::FormatError(TiffFormatError::ByteExpected(val))),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn into_u16(self) -> TiffResult<u16> {
+        match self {
+            Short(val) => Ok(val),
+            Unsigned(val) => Ok(u16::try_from(val)?),
+            UnsignedBig(val) => Ok(u16::try_from(val)?),
+            val => Err(TiffError::FormatError(
+                TiffFormatError::UnsignedIntegerExpected(val),
+            )),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn into_u32(self) -> TiffResult<u32> {
+        match self {
+            Short(val) => Ok(val.into()),
+            Unsigned(val) => Ok(val),
+            UnsignedBig(val) => Ok(u32::try_from(val)?),
+            Ifd(val) => Ok(val),
+            IfdBig(val) => Ok(u32::try_from(val)?),
+            val => Err(TiffError::FormatError(
+                TiffFormatError::UnsignedIntegerExpected(val),
+            )),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn into_i32(self) -> TiffResult<i32> {
+        match self {
+            Signed(val) => Ok(val),
+            SignedBig(val) => Ok(i32::try_from(val)?),
+            val => Err(TiffError::FormatError(
+                TiffFormatError::SignedIntegerExpected(val),
+            )),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn into_u64(self) -> TiffResult<u64> {
+        match self {
+            Short(val) => Ok(val.into()),
+            Unsigned(val) => Ok(val.into()),
+            UnsignedBig(val) => Ok(val),
+            Ifd(val) => Ok(val.into()),
+            IfdBig(val) => Ok(val),
+            val => Err(TiffError::FormatError(
+                TiffFormatError::UnsignedIntegerExpected(val),
+            )),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn into_i64(self) -> TiffResult<i64> {
+        match self {
+            Signed(val) => Ok(val.into()),
+            SignedBig(val) => Ok(val),
+            val => Err(TiffError::FormatError(
+                TiffFormatError::SignedIntegerExpected(val),
+            )),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn into_f32(self) -> TiffResult<f32> {
+        match self {
+            Float(val) => Ok(val),
+            val => Err(TiffError::FormatError(
+                TiffFormatError::SignedIntegerExpected(val),
+            )),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn into_f64(self) -> TiffResult<f64> {
+        match self {
+            Double(val) => Ok(val),
+            val => Err(TiffError::FormatError(
+                TiffFormatError::SignedIntegerExpected(val),
+            )),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn into_string(self) -> TiffResult<String> {
+        match self {
+            Ascii(val) => Ok(val),
+            val => Err(TiffError::FormatError(
+                TiffFormatError::SignedIntegerExpected(val),
+            )),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn into_u32_vec(self) -> TiffResult<Vec<u32>> {
+        match self {
+            List(vec) => {
+                let mut new_vec = Vec::with_capacity(vec.len());
+                for v in vec {
+                    new_vec.push(v.into_u32()?)
+                }
+                Ok(new_vec)
+            }
+            Unsigned(val) => Ok(vec![val]),
+            UnsignedBig(val) => Ok(vec![u32::try_from(val)?]),
+            Rational(numerator, denominator) => Ok(vec![numerator, denominator]),
+            RationalBig(numerator, denominator) => {
+                Ok(vec![u32::try_from(numerator)?, u32::try_from(denominator)?])
+            }
+            Ifd(val) => Ok(vec![val]),
+            IfdBig(val) => Ok(vec![u32::try_from(val)?]),
+            Ascii(val) => Ok(val.chars().map(u32::from).collect()),
+            val => Err(TiffError::FormatError(
+                TiffFormatError::UnsignedIntegerExpected(val),
+            )),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn into_u8_vec(self) -> TiffResult<Vec<u8>> {
+        match self {
+            List(vec) => {
+                let mut new_vec = Vec::with_capacity(vec.len());
+                for v in vec {
+                    new_vec.push(v.into_u8()?)
+                }
+                Ok(new_vec)
+            }
+            Byte(val) => Ok(vec![val]),
+
+            val => Err(TiffError::FormatError(
+                TiffFormatError::UnsignedIntegerExpected(val),
+            )),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn into_u16_vec(self) -> TiffResult<Vec<u16>> {
+        match self {
+            List(vec) => {
+                let mut new_vec = Vec::with_capacity(vec.len());
+                for v in vec {
+                    new_vec.push(v.into_u16()?)
+                }
+                Ok(new_vec)
+            }
+            Short(val) => Ok(vec![val]),
+            val => Err(TiffError::FormatError(
+                TiffFormatError::UnsignedIntegerExpected(val),
+            )),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn into_i32_vec(self) -> TiffResult<Vec<i32>> {
+        match self {
+            List(vec) => {
+                let mut new_vec = Vec::with_capacity(vec.len());
+                for v in vec {
+                    match v {
+                        SRational(numerator, denominator) => {
+                            new_vec.push(numerator);
+                            new_vec.push(denominator);
+                        }
+                        SRationalBig(numerator, denominator) => {
+                            new_vec.push(i32::try_from(numerator)?);
+                            new_vec.push(i32::try_from(denominator)?);
+                        }
+                        _ => new_vec.push(v.into_i32()?),
+                    }
+                }
+                Ok(new_vec)
+            }
+            Signed(val) => Ok(vec![val]),
+            SignedBig(val) => Ok(vec![i32::try_from(val)?]),
+            SRational(numerator, denominator) => Ok(vec![numerator, denominator]),
+            SRationalBig(numerator, denominator) => {
+                Ok(vec![i32::try_from(numerator)?, i32::try_from(denominator)?])
+            }
+            val => Err(TiffError::FormatError(
+                TiffFormatError::SignedIntegerExpected(val),
+            )),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn into_f32_vec(self) -> TiffResult<Vec<f32>> {
+        match self {
+            List(vec) => {
+                let mut new_vec = Vec::with_capacity(vec.len());
+                for v in vec {
+                    new_vec.push(v.into_f32()?)
+                }
+                Ok(new_vec)
+            }
+            Float(val) => Ok(vec![val]),
+            val => Err(TiffError::FormatError(
+                TiffFormatError::UnsignedIntegerExpected(val),
+            )),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn into_f64_vec(self) -> TiffResult<Vec<f64>> {
+        match self {
+            List(vec) => {
+                let mut new_vec = Vec::with_capacity(vec.len());
+                for v in vec {
+                    new_vec.push(v.into_f64()?)
+                }
+                Ok(new_vec)
+            }
+            Double(val) => Ok(vec![val]),
+            val => Err(TiffError::FormatError(
+                TiffFormatError::UnsignedIntegerExpected(val),
+            )),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn into_u64_vec(self) -> TiffResult<Vec<u64>> {
+        match self {
+            List(vec) => {
+                let mut new_vec = Vec::with_capacity(vec.len());
+                for v in vec {
+                    new_vec.push(v.into_u64()?)
+                }
+                Ok(new_vec)
+            }
+            Unsigned(val) => Ok(vec![val.into()]),
+            UnsignedBig(val) => Ok(vec![val]),
+            Rational(numerator, denominator) => Ok(vec![numerator.into(), denominator.into()]),
+            RationalBig(numerator, denominator) => Ok(vec![numerator, denominator]),
+            Ifd(val) => Ok(vec![val.into()]),
+            IfdBig(val) => Ok(vec![val]),
+            Ascii(val) => Ok(val.chars().map(u32::from).map(u64::from).collect()),
+            val => Err(TiffError::FormatError(
+                TiffFormatError::UnsignedIntegerExpected(val),
+            )),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn into_i64_vec(self) -> TiffResult<Vec<i64>> {
+        match self {
+            List(vec) => {
+                let mut new_vec = Vec::with_capacity(vec.len());
+                for v in vec {
+                    match v {
+                        SRational(numerator, denominator) => {
+                            new_vec.push(numerator.into());
+                            new_vec.push(denominator.into());
+                        }
+                        SRationalBig(numerator, denominator) => {
+                            new_vec.push(numerator);
+                            new_vec.push(denominator);
+                        }
+                        _ => new_vec.push(v.into_i64()?),
+                    }
+                }
+                Ok(new_vec)
+            }
+            Signed(val) => Ok(vec![val.into()]),
+            SignedBig(val) => Ok(vec![val]),
+            SRational(numerator, denominator) => Ok(vec![numerator.into(), denominator.into()]),
+            SRationalBig(numerator, denominator) => Ok(vec![numerator, denominator]),
+            val => Err(TiffError::FormatError(
+                TiffFormatError::SignedIntegerExpected(val),
+            )),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct Entry {
+    type_: Type,
+    count: u64,
+    offset: [u8; 8],
+}
+
+impl ::std::fmt::Debug for Entry {
+    fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter) -> Result<(), ::std::fmt::Error> {
+        fmt.write_str(&format!(
+            "Entry {{ type_: {:?}, count: {:?}, offset: {:?} }}",
+            self.type_, self.count, &self.offset
+        ))
+    }
+}
+
+impl Entry {
+    pub fn new(type_: Type, count: u32, offset: [u8; 4]) -> Entry {
+        let mut offset = offset.to_vec();
+        offset.append(&mut vec![0; 4]);
+        Entry::new_u64(type_, count.into(), offset[..].try_into().unwrap())
+    }
+
+    pub fn new_u64(type_: Type, count: u64, offset: [u8; 8]) -> Entry {
+        Entry {
+            type_,
+            count,
+            offset,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Returns a mem_reader for the offset/value field
+    fn r(&self, byte_order: ByteOrder) -> SmartReader<io::Cursor<Vec<u8>>> {
+        SmartReader::wrap(io::Cursor::new(self.offset.to_vec()), byte_order)
+    }
+
+    pub fn val<R: Read + Seek>(
+        &self,
+        limits: &super::Limits,
+        bigtiff: bool,
+        reader: &mut SmartReader<R>,
+    ) -> TiffResult<Value> {
+        // Case 1: there are no values so we can return immediately.
+        if self.count == 0 {
+            return Ok(List(Vec::new()));
+        }
+
+        let bo = reader.byte_order();
+
+        let tag_size = match self.type_ {
+            Type::BYTE | Type::SBYTE | Type::ASCII | Type::UNDEFINED => 1,
+            Type::SHORT | Type::SSHORT => 2,
+            Type::LONG | Type::SLONG | Type::FLOAT | Type::IFD => 4,
+            Type::LONG8
+            | Type::SLONG8
+            | Type::DOUBLE
+            | Type::RATIONAL
+            | Type::SRATIONAL
+            | Type::IFD8 => 8,
+        };
+
+        let value_bytes = match self.count.checked_mul(tag_size) {
+            Some(n) => n,
+            None => {
+                return Err(TiffError::LimitsExceeded);
+            }
+        };
+
+        // Case 2: there is one value.
+        if self.count == 1 {
+            // 2a: the value is 5-8 bytes and we're in BigTiff mode.
+            if bigtiff && value_bytes > 4 && value_bytes <= 8 {
+                return Ok(match self.type_ {
+                    Type::LONG8 => UnsignedBig(self.r(bo).read_u64()?),
+                    Type::SLONG8 => SignedBig(self.r(bo).read_i64()?),
+                    Type::DOUBLE => Double(self.r(bo).read_f64()?),
+                    Type::RATIONAL => {
+                        let mut r = self.r(bo);
+                        Rational(r.read_u32()?, r.read_u32()?)
+                    }
+                    Type::SRATIONAL => {
+                        let mut r = self.r(bo);
+                        SRational(r.read_i32()?, r.read_i32()?)
+                    }
+                    Type::IFD8 => IfdBig(self.r(bo).read_u64()?),
+                    Type::BYTE
+                    | Type::SBYTE
+                    | Type::ASCII
+                    | Type::UNDEFINED
+                    | Type::SHORT
+                    | Type::SSHORT
+                    | Type::LONG
+                    | Type::SLONG
+                    | Type::FLOAT
+                    | Type::IFD => unreachable!(),
+                });
+            }
+
+            // 2b: the value is at most 4 bytes or doesn't fit in the offset field.
+            return Ok(match self.type_ {
+                Type::BYTE => Unsigned(u32::from(self.offset[0])),
+                Type::SBYTE => Signed(i32::from(self.offset[0] as i8)),
+                Type::UNDEFINED => Byte(self.offset[0]),
+                Type::SHORT => Unsigned(u32::from(self.r(bo).read_u16()?)),
+                Type::SSHORT => Signed(i32::from(self.r(bo).read_i16()?)),
+                Type::LONG => Unsigned(self.r(bo).read_u32()?),
+                Type::SLONG => Signed(self.r(bo).read_i32()?),
+                Type::FLOAT => Float(self.r(bo).read_f32()?),
+                Type::ASCII => {
+                    if self.offset[0] == 0 {
+                        Ascii("".to_string())
+                    } else {
+                        return Err(TiffError::FormatError(TiffFormatError::InvalidTag));
+                    }
+                }
+                Type::LONG8 => {
+                    reader.goto_offset(self.r(bo).read_u32()?.into())?;
+                    UnsignedBig(reader.read_u64()?)
+                }
+                Type::SLONG8 => {
+                    reader.goto_offset(self.r(bo).read_u32()?.into())?;
+                    SignedBig(reader.read_i64()?)
+                }
+                Type::DOUBLE => {
+                    reader.goto_offset(self.r(bo).read_u32()?.into())?;
+                    Double(reader.read_f64()?)
+                }
+                Type::RATIONAL => {
+                    reader.goto_offset(self.r(bo).read_u32()?.into())?;
+                    Rational(reader.read_u32()?, reader.read_u32()?)
+                }
+                Type::SRATIONAL => {
+                    reader.goto_offset(self.r(bo).read_u32()?.into())?;
+                    SRational(reader.read_i32()?, reader.read_i32()?)
+                }
+                Type::IFD => Ifd(self.r(bo).read_u32()?),
+                Type::IFD8 => {
+                    reader.goto_offset(self.r(bo).read_u32()?.into())?;
+                    IfdBig(reader.read_u64()?)
+                }
+            });
+        }
+
+        // Case 3: There is more than one value, but it fits in the offset field.
+        if value_bytes <= 4 || bigtiff && value_bytes <= 8 {
+            match self.type_ {
+                Type::BYTE => return offset_to_bytes(self.count as usize, self),
+                Type::SBYTE => return offset_to_sbytes(self.count as usize, self),
+                Type::ASCII => {
+                    let mut buf = vec![0; self.count as usize];
+                    self.r(bo).read_exact(&mut buf)?;
+                    if buf.is_ascii() && buf.ends_with(&[0]) {
+                        let v = str::from_utf8(&buf)?;
+                        let v = v.trim_matches(char::from(0));
+                        return Ok(Ascii(v.into()));
+                    } else {
+                        return Err(TiffError::FormatError(TiffFormatError::InvalidTag));
+                    }
+                }
+                Type::UNDEFINED => {
+                    return Ok(List(
+                        self.offset[0..self.count as usize]
+                            .iter()
+                            .map(|&b| Byte(b))
+                            .collect(),
+                    ));
+                }
+                Type::SHORT => {
+                    let mut r = self.r(bo);
+                    let mut v = Vec::new();
+                    for _ in 0..self.count {
+                        v.push(Short(r.read_u16()?));
+                    }
+                    return Ok(List(v));
+                }
+                Type::SSHORT => {
+                    let mut r = self.r(bo);
+                    let mut v = Vec::new();
+                    for _ in 0..self.count {
+                        v.push(Signed(i32::from(r.read_i16()?)));
+                    }
+                    return Ok(List(v));
+                }
+                Type::LONG => {
+                    let mut r = self.r(bo);
+                    let mut v = Vec::new();
+                    for _ in 0..self.count {
+                        v.push(Unsigned(r.read_u32()?));
+                    }
+                    return Ok(List(v));
+                }
+                Type::SLONG => {
+                    let mut r = self.r(bo);
+                    let mut v = Vec::new();
+                    for _ in 0..self.count {
+                        v.push(Signed(r.read_i32()?));
+                    }
+                    return Ok(List(v));
+                }
+                Type::FLOAT => {
+                    let mut r = self.r(bo);
+                    let mut v = Vec::new();
+                    for _ in 0..self.count {
+                        v.push(Float(r.read_f32()?));
+                    }
+                    return Ok(List(v));
+                }
+                Type::IFD => {
+                    let mut r = self.r(bo);
+                    let mut v = Vec::new();
+                    for _ in 0..self.count {
+                        v.push(Ifd(r.read_u32()?));
+                    }
+                    return Ok(List(v));
+                }
+                Type::LONG8
+                | Type::SLONG8
+                | Type::RATIONAL
+                | Type::SRATIONAL
+                | Type::DOUBLE
+                | Type::IFD8 => {
+                    unreachable!()
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Case 4: there is more than one value, and it doesn't fit in the offset field.
+        match self.type_ {
+            // TODO check if this could give wrong results
+            // at a different endianess of file/computer.
+            Type::BYTE => self.decode_offset(self.count, bo, bigtiff, limits, reader, |reader| {
+                let mut buf = [0; 1];
+                reader.read_exact(&mut buf)?;
+                Ok(UnsignedBig(u64::from(buf[0])))
+            }),
+            Type::SBYTE => self.decode_offset(self.count, bo, bigtiff, limits, reader, |reader| {
+                Ok(SignedBig(i64::from(reader.read_i8()? as i8)))
+            }),
+            Type::SHORT => self.decode_offset(self.count, bo, bigtiff, limits, reader, |reader| {
+                Ok(UnsignedBig(u64::from(reader.read_u16()?)))
+            }),
+            Type::SSHORT => self.decode_offset(self.count, bo, bigtiff, limits, reader, |reader| {
+                Ok(SignedBig(i64::from(reader.read_i16()?)))
+            }),
+            Type::LONG => self.decode_offset(self.count, bo, bigtiff, limits, reader, |reader| {
+                Ok(Unsigned(reader.read_u32()?))
+            }),
+            Type::SLONG => self.decode_offset(self.count, bo, bigtiff, limits, reader, |reader| {
+                Ok(Signed(reader.read_i32()?))
+            }),
+            Type::FLOAT => self.decode_offset(self.count, bo, bigtiff, limits, reader, |reader| {
+                Ok(Float(reader.read_f32()?))
+            }),
+            Type::DOUBLE => self.decode_offset(self.count, bo, bigtiff, limits, reader, |reader| {
+                Ok(Double(reader.read_f64()?))
+            }),
+            Type::RATIONAL => {
+                self.decode_offset(self.count, bo, bigtiff, limits, reader, |reader| {
+                    Ok(Rational(reader.read_u32()?, reader.read_u32()?))
+                })
+            }
+            Type::SRATIONAL => {
+                self.decode_offset(self.count, bo, bigtiff, limits, reader, |reader| {
+                    Ok(SRational(reader.read_i32()?, reader.read_i32()?))
+                })
+            }
+            Type::LONG8 => self.decode_offset(self.count, bo, bigtiff, limits, reader, |reader| {
+                Ok(UnsignedBig(reader.read_u64()?))
+            }),
+            Type::SLONG8 => self.decode_offset(self.count, bo, bigtiff, limits, reader, |reader| {
+                Ok(SignedBig(reader.read_i64()?))
+            }),
+            Type::IFD => self.decode_offset(self.count, bo, bigtiff, limits, reader, |reader| {
+                Ok(Ifd(reader.read_u32()?))
+            }),
+            Type::IFD8 => self.decode_offset(self.count, bo, bigtiff, limits, reader, |reader| {
+                Ok(IfdBig(reader.read_u64()?))
+            }),
+            Type::UNDEFINED => {
+                self.decode_offset(self.count, bo, bigtiff, limits, reader, |reader| {
+                    let mut buf = [0; 1];
+                    reader.read_exact(&mut buf)?;
+                    Ok(Byte(buf[0]))
+                })
+            }
+            Type::ASCII => {
+                let n = usize::try_from(self.count)?;
+                if n > limits.decoding_buffer_size {
+                    return Err(TiffError::LimitsExceeded);
+                }
+
+                if bigtiff {
+                    reader.goto_offset(self.r(bo).read_u64()?)?
+                } else {
+                    reader.goto_offset(self.r(bo).read_u32()?.into())?
+                }
+
+                let mut out = vec![0; n];
+                reader.read_exact(&mut out)?;
+                // Strings may be null-terminated, so we trim anything downstream of the null byte
+                if let Some(first) = out.iter().position(|&b| b == 0) {
+                    out.truncate(first);
+                }
+                Ok(Ascii(String::from_utf8(out)?))
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    fn decode_offset<R, F>(
+        &self,
+        value_count: u64,
+        bo: ByteOrder,
+        bigtiff: bool,
+        limits: &super::Limits,
+        reader: &mut SmartReader<R>,
+        decode_fn: F,
+    ) -> TiffResult<Value>
+    where
+        R: Read + Seek,
+        F: Fn(&mut SmartReader<R>) -> TiffResult<Value>,
+    {
+        let value_count = usize::try_from(value_count)?;
+        if value_count > limits.decoding_buffer_size / mem::size_of::<Value>() {
+            return Err(TiffError::LimitsExceeded);
+        }
+
+        let mut v = Vec::with_capacity(value_count);
+
+        let offset = if bigtiff {
+            self.r(bo).read_u64()?
+        } else {
+            self.r(bo).read_u32()?.into()
+        };
+        reader.goto_offset(offset)?;
+
+        for _ in 0..value_count {
+            v.push(decode_fn(reader)?)
+        }
+        Ok(List(v))
+    }
+}
+
+/// Extracts a list of BYTE tags stored in an offset
+#[inline]
+fn offset_to_bytes(n: usize, entry: &Entry) -> TiffResult<Value> {
+    Ok(List(
+        entry.offset[0..n]
+            .iter()
+            .map(|&e| Unsigned(u32::from(e)))
+            .collect(),
+    ))
+}
+
+/// Extracts a list of SBYTE tags stored in an offset
+#[inline]
+fn offset_to_sbytes(n: usize, entry: &Entry) -> TiffResult<Value> {
+    Ok(List(
+        entry.offset[0..n]
+            .iter()
+            .map(|&e| Signed(i32::from(e as i8)))
+            .collect(),
+    ))
+}
+
+/// Type representing an Image File Directory
+pub type Directory = HashMap<Tag, Entry>;

vendor/tiff/src/decoder/image.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,601 @@
+use super::ifd::{Directory, Value};
+use super::stream::{ByteOrder, DeflateReader, JpegReader, LZWReader, PackBitsReader};
+use super::tag_reader::TagReader;
+use super::{fp_predict_f32, fp_predict_f64, DecodingBuffer, Limits};
+use super::{stream::SmartReader, ChunkType};
+use crate::tags::{CompressionMethod, PhotometricInterpretation, Predictor, SampleFormat, Tag};
+use crate::{ColorType, TiffError, TiffFormatError, TiffResult, TiffUnsupportedError, UsageError};
+use std::convert::{TryFrom, TryInto};
+use std::io::{self, Cursor, Read, Seek};
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub(crate) struct StripDecodeState {
+    pub rows_per_strip: u32,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+/// Computed values useful for tile decoding
+pub(crate) struct TileAttributes {
+    pub image_width: usize,
+    pub image_height: usize,
+
+    pub tile_width: usize,
+    pub tile_length: usize,
+}
+
+impl TileAttributes {
+    pub fn tiles_across(&self) -> usize {
+        (self.image_width + self.tile_width - 1) / self.tile_width
+    }
+    pub fn tiles_down(&self) -> usize {
+        (self.image_height + self.tile_length - 1) / self.tile_length
+    }
+    fn padding_right(&self) -> usize {
+        (self.tile_width - self.image_width % self.tile_width) % self.tile_width
+    }
+    fn padding_down(&self) -> usize {
+        (self.tile_length - self.image_height % self.tile_length) % self.tile_length
+    }
+    pub fn get_padding(&self, tile: usize) -> (usize, usize) {
+        let row = tile / self.tiles_across();
+        let column = tile % self.tiles_across();
+
+        let padding_right = if column == self.tiles_across() - 1 {
+            self.padding_right()
+        } else {
+            0
+        };
+
+        let padding_down = if row == self.tiles_down() - 1 {
+            self.padding_down()
+        } else {
+            0
+        };
+
+        (padding_right, padding_down)
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub(crate) struct Image {
+    pub ifd: Option<Directory>,
+    pub width: u32,
+    pub height: u32,
+    pub bits_per_sample: Vec<u8>,
+    #[allow(unused)]
+    pub samples: u8,
+    pub sample_format: Vec<SampleFormat>,
+    pub photometric_interpretation: PhotometricInterpretation,
+    pub compression_method: CompressionMethod,
+    pub predictor: Predictor,
+    pub jpeg_tables: Option<Arc<Vec<u8>>>,
+    pub chunk_type: ChunkType,
+    pub strip_decoder: Option<StripDecodeState>,
+    pub tile_attributes: Option<TileAttributes>,
+    pub chunk_offsets: Vec<u64>,
+    pub chunk_bytes: Vec<u64>,
+}
+
+impl Image {
+    pub fn from_reader<R: Read + Seek>(
+        reader: &mut SmartReader<R>,
+        ifd: Directory,
+        limits: &Limits,
+        bigtiff: bool,
+    ) -> TiffResult<Image> {
+        let mut tag_reader = TagReader {
+            reader,
+            limits,
+            ifd: &ifd,
+            bigtiff,
+        };
+
+        let width = tag_reader.require_tag(Tag::ImageWidth)?.into_u32()?;
+        let height = tag_reader.require_tag(Tag::ImageLength)?.into_u32()?;
+        if width == 0 || height == 0 {
+            return Err(TiffError::FormatError(TiffFormatError::InvalidDimensions(
+                width, height,
+            )));
+        }
+
+        let photometric_interpretation = tag_reader
+            .find_tag(Tag::PhotometricInterpretation)?
+            .map(Value::into_u16)
+            .transpose()?
+            .and_then(PhotometricInterpretation::from_u16)
+            .ok_or(TiffUnsupportedError::UnknownInterpretation)?;
+
+        // Try to parse both the compression method and the number, format, and bits of the included samples.
+        // If they are not explicitly specified, those tags are reset to their default values and not carried from previous images.
+        let compression_method = match tag_reader.find_tag(Tag::Compression)? {
+            Some(val) => CompressionMethod::from_u16(val.into_u16()?)
+                .ok_or(TiffUnsupportedError::UnknownCompressionMethod)?,
+            None => CompressionMethod::None,
+        };
+
+        let jpeg_tables = if compression_method == CompressionMethod::ModernJPEG
+            && ifd.contains_key(&Tag::JPEGTables)
+        {
+            let vec = tag_reader
+                .find_tag(Tag::JPEGTables)?
+                .unwrap()
+                .into_u8_vec()?;
+            if vec.len() < 2 {
+                return Err(TiffError::FormatError(
+                    TiffFormatError::InvalidTagValueType(Tag::JPEGTables),
+                ));
+            }
+
+            Some(Arc::new(vec))
+        } else {
+            None
+        };
+
+        let samples = tag_reader
+            .find_tag(Tag::SamplesPerPixel)?
+            .map(Value::into_u16)
+            .transpose()?
+            .unwrap_or(1)
+            .try_into()?;
+
+        let sample_format = match tag_reader.find_tag_uint_vec(Tag::SampleFormat)? {
+            Some(vals) => {
+                let sample_format: Vec<_> = vals
+                    .into_iter()
+                    .map(SampleFormat::from_u16_exhaustive)
+                    .collect();
+
+                // TODO: for now, only homogenous formats across samples are supported.
+                if !sample_format.windows(2).all(|s| s[0] == s[1]) {
+                    return Err(TiffUnsupportedError::UnsupportedSampleFormat(sample_format).into());
+                }
+
+                sample_format
+            }
+            None => vec![SampleFormat::Uint],
+        };
+
+        let bits_per_sample = match samples {
+            1 | 3 | 4 => tag_reader
+                .find_tag_uint_vec(Tag::BitsPerSample)?
+                .unwrap_or_else(|| vec![1]),
+            _ => return Err(TiffUnsupportedError::UnsupportedSampleDepth(samples).into()),
+        };
+
+        let predictor = tag_reader
+            .find_tag(Tag::Predictor)?
+            .map(Value::into_u16)
+            .transpose()?
+            .map(|p| {
+                Predictor::from_u16(p)
+                    .ok_or(TiffError::FormatError(TiffFormatError::UnknownPredictor(p)))
+            })
+            .transpose()?
+            .unwrap_or(Predictor::None);
+
+        let chunk_type;
+        let chunk_offsets;
+        let chunk_bytes;
+        let strip_decoder;
+        let tile_attributes;
+        match (
+            ifd.contains_key(&Tag::StripByteCounts),
+            ifd.contains_key(&Tag::StripOffsets),
+            ifd.contains_key(&Tag::TileByteCounts),
+            ifd.contains_key(&Tag::TileOffsets),
+        ) {
+            (true, true, false, false) => {
+                chunk_type = ChunkType::Strip;
+
+                chunk_offsets = tag_reader
+                    .find_tag(Tag::StripOffsets)?
+                    .unwrap()
+                    .into_u64_vec()?;
+                chunk_bytes = tag_reader
+                    .find_tag(Tag::StripByteCounts)?
+                    .unwrap()
+                    .into_u64_vec()?;
+                let rows_per_strip = tag_reader
+                    .find_tag(Tag::RowsPerStrip)?
+                    .map(Value::into_u32)
+                    .transpose()?
+                    .unwrap_or(height);
+                strip_decoder = Some(StripDecodeState { rows_per_strip });
+                tile_attributes = None;
+
+                if chunk_offsets.len() != chunk_bytes.len()
+                    || rows_per_strip == 0
+                    || u32::try_from(chunk_offsets.len())?
+                        != height.saturating_sub(1) / rows_per_strip + 1
+                {
+                    return Err(TiffError::FormatError(
+                        TiffFormatError::InconsistentSizesEncountered,
+                    ));
+                }
+            }
+            (false, false, true, true) => {
+                chunk_type = ChunkType::Tile;
+
+                let tile_width =
+                    usize::try_from(tag_reader.require_tag(Tag::TileWidth)?.into_u32()?)?;
+                let tile_length =
+                    usize::try_from(tag_reader.require_tag(Tag::TileLength)?.into_u32()?)?;
+
+                if tile_width == 0 {
+                    return Err(TiffFormatError::InvalidTagValueType(Tag::TileWidth).into());
+                } else if tile_length == 0 {
+                    return Err(TiffFormatError::InvalidTagValueType(Tag::TileLength).into());
+                }
+
+                strip_decoder = None;
+                tile_attributes = Some(TileAttributes {
+                    image_width: usize::try_from(width)?,
+                    image_height: usize::try_from(height)?,
+                    tile_width,
+                    tile_length,
+                });
+                chunk_offsets = tag_reader
+                    .find_tag(Tag::TileOffsets)?
+                    .unwrap()
+                    .into_u64_vec()?;
+                chunk_bytes = tag_reader
+                    .find_tag(Tag::TileByteCounts)?
+                    .unwrap()
+                    .into_u64_vec()?;
+
+                let tile = tile_attributes.as_ref().unwrap();
+                if chunk_offsets.len() != chunk_bytes.len()
+                    || chunk_offsets.len() != tile.tiles_down() * tile.tiles_across()
+                {
+                    return Err(TiffError::FormatError(
+                        TiffFormatError::InconsistentSizesEncountered,
+                    ));
+                }
+            }
+            (_, _, _, _) => {
+                return Err(TiffError::FormatError(
+                    TiffFormatError::StripTileTagConflict,
+                ))
+            }
+        };
+
+        Ok(Image {
+            ifd: Some(ifd),
+            width,
+            height,
+            bits_per_sample,
+            samples,
+            sample_format,
+            photometric_interpretation,
+            compression_method,
+            jpeg_tables,
+            predictor,
+            chunk_type,
+            strip_decoder,
+            tile_attributes,
+            chunk_offsets,
+            chunk_bytes,
+        })
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn colortype(&self) -> TiffResult<ColorType> {
+        match self.photometric_interpretation {
+            PhotometricInterpretation::RGB => match self.bits_per_sample[..] {
+                [r, g, b] if [r, r] == [g, b] => Ok(ColorType::RGB(r)),
+                [r, g, b, a] if [r, r, r] == [g, b, a] => Ok(ColorType::RGBA(r)),
+                // FIXME: We should _ignore_ other components. In particular:
+                // > Beware of extra components. Some TIFF files may have more components per pixel
+                // than you think. A Baseline TIFF reader must skip over them gracefully,using the
+                // values of the SamplesPerPixel and BitsPerSample fields.
+                // > -- TIFF 6.0 Specification, Section 7, Additional Baseline requirements.
+                _ => Err(TiffError::UnsupportedError(
+                    TiffUnsupportedError::InterpretationWithBits(
+                        self.photometric_interpretation,
+                        self.bits_per_sample.clone(),
+                    ),
+                )),
+            },
+            PhotometricInterpretation::CMYK => match self.bits_per_sample[..] {
+                [c, m, y, k] if [c, c, c] == [m, y, k] => Ok(ColorType::CMYK(c)),
+                _ => Err(TiffError::UnsupportedError(
+                    TiffUnsupportedError::InterpretationWithBits(
+                        self.photometric_interpretation,
+                        self.bits_per_sample.clone(),
+                    ),
+                )),
+            },
+            PhotometricInterpretation::YCbCr => match self.bits_per_sample[..] {
+                [y, cb, cr] if [y, y] == [cb, cr] => Ok(ColorType::YCbCr(y)),
+                _ => Err(TiffError::UnsupportedError(
+                    TiffUnsupportedError::InterpretationWithBits(
+                        self.photometric_interpretation,
+                        self.bits_per_sample.clone(),
+                    ),
+                )),
+            },
+            PhotometricInterpretation::BlackIsZero | PhotometricInterpretation::WhiteIsZero
+                if self.bits_per_sample.len() == 1 =>
+            {
+                Ok(ColorType::Gray(self.bits_per_sample[0]))
+            }
+
+            // TODO: this is bad we should not fail at this point
+            _ => Err(TiffError::UnsupportedError(
+                TiffUnsupportedError::InterpretationWithBits(
+                    self.photometric_interpretation,
+                    self.bits_per_sample.clone(),
+                ),
+            )),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn create_reader<'r, R: 'r + Read>(
+        reader: R,
+        photometric_interpretation: PhotometricInterpretation,
+        compression_method: CompressionMethod,
+        compressed_length: u64,
+        jpeg_tables: Option<Arc<Vec<u8>>>,
+    ) -> TiffResult<Box<dyn Read + 'r>> {
+        Ok(match compression_method {
+            CompressionMethod::None => Box::new(reader),
+            CompressionMethod::LZW => {
+                Box::new(LZWReader::new(reader, usize::try_from(compressed_length)?))
+            }
+            CompressionMethod::PackBits => Box::new(PackBitsReader::new(reader, compressed_length)),
+            CompressionMethod::Deflate | CompressionMethod::OldDeflate => {
+                Box::new(DeflateReader::new(reader))
+            }
+            CompressionMethod::ModernJPEG => {
+                if jpeg_tables.is_some() && compressed_length < 2 {
+                    return Err(TiffError::FormatError(
+                        TiffFormatError::InvalidTagValueType(Tag::JPEGTables),
+                    ));
+                }
+
+                let jpeg_reader = JpegReader::new(reader, compressed_length, jpeg_tables)?;
+                let mut decoder = jpeg::Decoder::new(jpeg_reader);
+
+                match photometric_interpretation {
+                    PhotometricInterpretation::RGB => {
+                        decoder.set_color_transform(jpeg::ColorTransform::RGB)
+                    }
+                    PhotometricInterpretation::WhiteIsZero => {
+                        decoder.set_color_transform(jpeg::ColorTransform::None)
+                    }
+                    PhotometricInterpretation::BlackIsZero => {
+                        decoder.set_color_transform(jpeg::ColorTransform::None)
+                    }
+                    PhotometricInterpretation::TransparencyMask => {
+                        decoder.set_color_transform(jpeg::ColorTransform::None)
+                    }
+                    PhotometricInterpretation::CMYK => {
+                        decoder.set_color_transform(jpeg::ColorTransform::CMYK)
+                    }
+                    PhotometricInterpretation::YCbCr => {
+                        decoder.set_color_transform(jpeg::ColorTransform::YCbCr)
+                    }
+                    photometric_interpretation => {
+                        return Err(TiffError::UnsupportedError(
+                            TiffUnsupportedError::UnsupportedInterpretation(
+                                photometric_interpretation,
+                            ),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                }
+
+                let data = decoder.decode()?;
+
+                Box::new(Cursor::new(data))
+            }
+            method => {
+                return Err(TiffError::UnsupportedError(
+                    TiffUnsupportedError::UnsupportedCompressionMethod(method),
+                ))
+            }
+        })
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn chunk_file_range(&self, chunk: u32) -> TiffResult<(u64, u64)> {
+        let file_offset = self
+            .chunk_offsets
+            .get(chunk as usize)
+            .ok_or(TiffError::FormatError(
+                TiffFormatError::InconsistentSizesEncountered,
+            ))?;
+
+        let compressed_bytes =
+            self.chunk_bytes
+                .get(chunk as usize)
+                .ok_or(TiffError::FormatError(
+                    TiffFormatError::InconsistentSizesEncountered,
+                ))?;
+
+        Ok((*file_offset, *compressed_bytes))
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn chunk_dimensions(&self) -> TiffResult<(u32, u32)> {
+        match self.chunk_type {
+            ChunkType::Strip => {
+                let strip_attrs = self.strip_decoder.as_ref().unwrap();
+                Ok((self.width, strip_attrs.rows_per_strip))
+            }
+            ChunkType::Tile => {
+                let tile_attrs = self.tile_attributes.as_ref().unwrap();
+                Ok((
+                    u32::try_from(tile_attrs.tile_width)?,
+                    u32::try_from(tile_attrs.tile_length)?,
+                ))
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn chunk_data_dimensions(&self, chunk_index: u32) -> TiffResult<(u32, u32)> {
+        let dims = self.chunk_dimensions()?;
+
+        match self.chunk_type {
+            ChunkType::Strip => {
+                let strip_height_without_padding = chunk_index
+                    .checked_mul(dims.1)
+                    .and_then(|x| self.height.checked_sub(x))
+                    .ok_or(TiffError::UsageError(UsageError::InvalidChunkIndex(
+                        chunk_index,
+                    )))?;
+
+                // Ignore potential vertical padding on the bottommost strip
+                let strip_height = dims.1.min(strip_height_without_padding);
+
+                Ok((dims.0, strip_height))
+            }
+            ChunkType::Tile => {
+                let tile_attrs = self.tile_attributes.as_ref().unwrap();
+                let (padding_right, padding_down) = tile_attrs.get_padding(chunk_index as usize);
+
+                let tile_width = tile_attrs.tile_width - padding_right;
+                let tile_length = tile_attrs.tile_length - padding_down;
+
+                Ok((u32::try_from(tile_width)?, u32::try_from(tile_length)?))
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn expand_chunk(
+        &self,
+        reader: impl Read,
+        mut buffer: DecodingBuffer,
+        output_width: usize,
+        byte_order: ByteOrder,
+        chunk_index: u32,
+    ) -> TiffResult<()> {
+        // Validate that the provided buffer is of the expected type.
+        let color_type = self.colortype()?;
+        match (color_type, &buffer) {
+            (ColorType::RGB(n), _)
+            | (ColorType::RGBA(n), _)
+            | (ColorType::CMYK(n), _)
+            | (ColorType::YCbCr(n), _)
+            | (ColorType::Gray(n), _)
+                if usize::from(n) == buffer.byte_len() * 8 => {}
+            (ColorType::Gray(n), DecodingBuffer::U8(_)) if n < 8 => match self.predictor {
+                Predictor::None => {}
+                Predictor::Horizontal => {
+                    return Err(TiffError::UnsupportedError(
+                        TiffUnsupportedError::HorizontalPredictor(color_type),
+                    ))
+                }
+                Predictor::FloatingPoint => {
+                    return Err(TiffError::UnsupportedError(
+                        TiffUnsupportedError::FloatingPointPredictor(color_type),
+                    ));
+                }
+            },
+            (type_, _) => {
+                return Err(TiffError::UnsupportedError(
+                    TiffUnsupportedError::UnsupportedColorType(type_),
+                ))
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Validate that the predictor is supported for the sample type.
+        match (self.predictor, &buffer) {
+            (Predictor::Horizontal, DecodingBuffer::F32(_))
+            | (Predictor::Horizontal, DecodingBuffer::F64(_)) => {
+                return Err(TiffError::UnsupportedError(
+                    TiffUnsupportedError::HorizontalPredictor(color_type),
+                ));
+            }
+            (Predictor::FloatingPoint, DecodingBuffer::F32(_))
+            | (Predictor::FloatingPoint, DecodingBuffer::F64(_)) => {}
+            (Predictor::FloatingPoint, _) => {
+                return Err(TiffError::UnsupportedError(
+                    TiffUnsupportedError::FloatingPointPredictor(color_type),
+                ));
+            }
+            _ => {}
+        }
+
+        let compressed_bytes =
+            self.chunk_bytes
+                .get(chunk_index as usize)
+                .ok_or(TiffError::FormatError(
+                    TiffFormatError::InconsistentSizesEncountered,
+                ))?;
+
+        let byte_len = buffer.byte_len();
+        let compression_method = self.compression_method;
+        let photometric_interpretation = self.photometric_interpretation;
+        let predictor = self.predictor;
+        let samples = self.bits_per_sample.len();
+
+        let chunk_dims = self.chunk_dimensions()?;
+        let data_dims = self.chunk_data_dimensions(chunk_index)?;
+
+        let padding_right = chunk_dims.0 - data_dims.0;
+
+        let jpeg_tables = self.jpeg_tables.clone();
+        let mut reader = Self::create_reader(
+            reader,
+            photometric_interpretation,
+            compression_method,
+            *compressed_bytes,
+            jpeg_tables,
+        )?;
+
+        if output_width == data_dims.0 as usize && padding_right == 0 {
+            let total_samples = data_dims.0 as usize * data_dims.1 as usize * samples;
+            let tile = &mut buffer.as_bytes_mut()[..total_samples * byte_len];
+            reader.read_exact(tile)?;
+
+            for row in 0..data_dims.1 as usize {
+                let row_start = row as usize * output_width as usize * samples;
+                let row_end = (row + 1) * output_width as usize * samples;
+                let row = buffer.subrange(row_start..row_end);
+                super::fix_endianness_and_predict(row, samples, byte_order, predictor);
+            }
+            if photometric_interpretation == PhotometricInterpretation::WhiteIsZero {
+                super::invert_colors(&mut buffer.subrange(0..total_samples), color_type);
+            }
+        } else if padding_right > 0 && self.predictor == Predictor::FloatingPoint {
+            // The floating point predictor shuffles the padding bytes into the encoded output, so
+            // this case is handled specially when needed.
+            let mut encoded = vec![0u8; chunk_dims.0 as usize * samples * byte_len];
+
+            for row in 0..data_dims.1 as usize {
+                let row_start = row * output_width as usize * samples;
+                let row_end = row_start + data_dims.0 as usize * samples;
+
+                reader.read_exact(&mut encoded)?;
+                match buffer.subrange(row_start..row_end) {
+                    DecodingBuffer::F32(buf) => fp_predict_f32(&mut encoded, buf, samples),
+                    DecodingBuffer::F64(buf) => fp_predict_f64(&mut encoded, buf, samples),
+                    _ => unreachable!(),
+                }
+                if photometric_interpretation == PhotometricInterpretation::WhiteIsZero {
+                    super::invert_colors(&mut buffer.subrange(row_start..row_end), color_type);
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            for row in 0..data_dims.1 as usize {
+                let row_start = row * output_width as usize * samples;
+                let row_end = row_start + data_dims.0 as usize * samples;
+
+                let row = &mut buffer.as_bytes_mut()[(row_start * byte_len)..(row_end * byte_len)];
+                reader.read_exact(row)?;
+
+                // Skip horizontal padding
+                if padding_right > 0 {
+                    let len = u64::try_from(padding_right as usize * samples * byte_len)?;
+                    io::copy(&mut reader.by_ref().take(len), &mut io::sink())?;
+                }
+
+                let mut row = buffer.subrange(row_start..row_end);
+                super::fix_endianness_and_predict(row.copy(), samples, byte_order, predictor);
+                if photometric_interpretation == PhotometricInterpretation::WhiteIsZero {
+                    super::invert_colors(&mut row, color_type);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}

vendor/tiff/src/decoder/stream.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,435 @@
+//! All IO functionality needed for TIFF decoding
+
+use std::convert::TryFrom;
+use std::io::{self, BufRead, BufReader, Read, Seek, SeekFrom, Take};
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
+/// Byte order of the TIFF file.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
+pub enum ByteOrder {
+    /// little endian byte order
+    LittleEndian,
+    /// big endian byte order
+    BigEndian,
+}
+
+/// Reader that is aware of the byte order.
+pub trait EndianReader: Read {
+    /// Byte order that should be adhered to
+    fn byte_order(&self) -> ByteOrder;
+
+    /// Reads an u16
+    #[inline(always)]
+    fn read_u16(&mut self) -> Result<u16, io::Error> {
+        let mut n = [0u8; 2];
+        self.read_exact(&mut n)?;
+        Ok(match self.byte_order() {
+            ByteOrder::LittleEndian => u16::from_le_bytes(n),
+            ByteOrder::BigEndian => u16::from_be_bytes(n),
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Reads an i8
+    #[inline(always)]
+    fn read_i8(&mut self) -> Result<i8, io::Error> {
+        let mut n = [0u8; 1];
+        self.read_exact(&mut n)?;
+        Ok(match self.byte_order() {
+            ByteOrder::LittleEndian => i8::from_le_bytes(n),
+            ByteOrder::BigEndian => i8::from_be_bytes(n),
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Reads an i16
+    #[inline(always)]
+    fn read_i16(&mut self) -> Result<i16, io::Error> {
+        let mut n = [0u8; 2];
+        self.read_exact(&mut n)?;
+        Ok(match self.byte_order() {
+            ByteOrder::LittleEndian => i16::from_le_bytes(n),
+            ByteOrder::BigEndian => i16::from_be_bytes(n),
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Reads an u32
+    #[inline(always)]
+    fn read_u32(&mut self) -> Result<u32, io::Error> {
+        let mut n = [0u8; 4];
+        self.read_exact(&mut n)?;
+        Ok(match self.byte_order() {
+            ByteOrder::LittleEndian => u32::from_le_bytes(n),
+            ByteOrder::BigEndian => u32::from_be_bytes(n),
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Reads an i32
+    #[inline(always)]
+    fn read_i32(&mut self) -> Result<i32, io::Error> {
+        let mut n = [0u8; 4];
+        self.read_exact(&mut n)?;
+        Ok(match self.byte_order() {
+            ByteOrder::LittleEndian => i32::from_le_bytes(n),
+            ByteOrder::BigEndian => i32::from_be_bytes(n),
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Reads an u64
+    #[inline(always)]
+    fn read_u64(&mut self) -> Result<u64, io::Error> {
+        let mut n = [0u8; 8];
+        self.read_exact(&mut n)?;
+        Ok(match self.byte_order() {
+            ByteOrder::LittleEndian => u64::from_le_bytes(n),
+            ByteOrder::BigEndian => u64::from_be_bytes(n),
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Reads an i64
+    #[inline(always)]
+    fn read_i64(&mut self) -> Result<i64, io::Error> {
+        let mut n = [0u8; 8];
+        self.read_exact(&mut n)?;
+        Ok(match self.byte_order() {
+            ByteOrder::LittleEndian => i64::from_le_bytes(n),
+            ByteOrder::BigEndian => i64::from_be_bytes(n),
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Reads an f32
+    #[inline(always)]
+    fn read_f32(&mut self) -> Result<f32, io::Error> {
+        let mut n = [0u8; 4];
+        self.read_exact(&mut n)?;
+        Ok(f32::from_bits(match self.byte_order() {
+            ByteOrder::LittleEndian => u32::from_le_bytes(n),
+            ByteOrder::BigEndian => u32::from_be_bytes(n),
+        }))
+    }
+
+    /// Reads an f64
+    #[inline(always)]
+    fn read_f64(&mut self) -> Result<f64, io::Error> {
+        let mut n = [0u8; 8];
+        self.read_exact(&mut n)?;
+        Ok(f64::from_bits(match self.byte_order() {
+            ByteOrder::LittleEndian => u64::from_le_bytes(n),
+            ByteOrder::BigEndian => u64::from_be_bytes(n),
+        }))
+    }
+}
+
+///
+/// # READERS
+///
+
+///
+/// ## Deflate Reader
+///
+
+pub type DeflateReader<R> = flate2::read::ZlibDecoder<R>;
+
+///
+/// ## LZW Reader
+///
+
+/// Reader that decompresses LZW streams
+pub struct LZWReader<R: Read> {
+    reader: BufReader<Take<R>>,
+    decoder: weezl::decode::Decoder,
+}
+
+impl<R: Read> LZWReader<R> {
+    /// Wraps a reader
+    pub fn new(reader: R, compressed_length: usize) -> LZWReader<R> {
+        Self {
+            reader: BufReader::with_capacity(
+                (32 * 1024).min(compressed_length),
+                reader.take(u64::try_from(compressed_length).unwrap()),
+            ),
+            decoder: weezl::decode::Decoder::with_tiff_size_switch(weezl::BitOrder::Msb, 8),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<R: Read> Read for LZWReader<R> {
+    fn read(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        loop {
+            let result = self.decoder.decode_bytes(self.reader.fill_buf()?, buf);
+            self.reader.consume(result.consumed_in);
+
+            match result.status {
+                Ok(weezl::LzwStatus::Ok) => {
+                    if result.consumed_out == 0 {
+                        continue;
+                    } else {
+                        return Ok(result.consumed_out);
+                    }
+                }
+                Ok(weezl::LzwStatus::NoProgress) => {
+                    assert_eq!(result.consumed_in, 0);
+                    assert_eq!(result.consumed_out, 0);
+                    assert!(self.reader.buffer().is_empty());
+                    return Err(io::Error::new(
+                        io::ErrorKind::UnexpectedEof,
+                        "no lzw end code found",
+                    ));
+                }
+                Ok(weezl::LzwStatus::Done) => {
+                    return Ok(result.consumed_out);
+                }
+                Err(err) => return Err(io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::InvalidData, err)),
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+///
+/// ## JPEG Reader (for "new-style" JPEG format (TIFF compression tag 7))
+///
+
+pub(crate) struct JpegReader {
+    jpeg_tables: Option<Arc<Vec<u8>>>,
+
+    buffer: io::Cursor<Vec<u8>>,
+
+    offset: usize,
+}
+
+impl JpegReader {
+    /// Constructs new JpegReader wrapping a SmartReader.
+    /// Because JPEG compression in TIFF allows to save quantization and/or huffman tables in one
+    /// central location, the constructor accepts this data as `jpeg_tables` here containing either
+    /// or both.
+    /// These `jpeg_tables` are simply prepended to the remaining jpeg image data.
+    /// Because these `jpeg_tables` start with a `SOI` (HEX: `0xFFD8`) or __start of image__ marker
+    /// which is also at the beginning of the remaining JPEG image data and would
+    /// confuse the JPEG renderer, one of these has to be taken off. In this case the first two
+    /// bytes of the remaining JPEG data is removed because it follows `jpeg_tables`.
+    /// Similary, `jpeg_tables` ends with a `EOI` (HEX: `0xFFD9`) or __end of image__ marker,
+    /// this has to be removed as well (last two bytes of `jpeg_tables`).
+    pub fn new<R: Read>(
+        mut reader: R,
+        length: u64,
+        jpeg_tables: Option<Arc<Vec<u8>>>,
+    ) -> io::Result<JpegReader> {
+        // Read jpeg image data
+        let mut segment = vec![0; length as usize];
+
+        reader.read_exact(&mut segment[..])?;
+
+        match jpeg_tables {
+            Some(jpeg_tables) => {
+                assert!(
+                    jpeg_tables.len() >= 2,
+                    "jpeg_tables, if given, must be at least 2 bytes long. Got {:?}",
+                    jpeg_tables
+                );
+
+                assert!(
+                    length >= 2,
+                    "if jpeg_tables is given, length must be at least 2 bytes long, got {}",
+                    length
+                );
+
+                let mut buffer = io::Cursor::new(segment);
+                // Skip the first two bytes (marker bytes)
+                buffer.seek(SeekFrom::Start(2))?;
+
+                Ok(JpegReader {
+                    buffer,
+                    jpeg_tables: Some(jpeg_tables),
+                    offset: 0,
+                })
+            }
+            None => Ok(JpegReader {
+                buffer: io::Cursor::new(segment),
+                jpeg_tables: None,
+                offset: 0,
+            }),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Read for JpegReader {
+    // #[inline]
+    fn read(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        let mut start = 0;
+
+        if let Some(jpeg_tables) = &self.jpeg_tables {
+            if jpeg_tables.len() - 2 > self.offset {
+                // Read (rest of) jpeg_tables to buf (without the last two bytes)
+                let size_remaining = jpeg_tables.len() - self.offset - 2;
+                let to_copy = size_remaining.min(buf.len());
+
+                buf[start..start + to_copy]
+                    .copy_from_slice(&jpeg_tables[self.offset..self.offset + to_copy]);
+
+                self.offset += to_copy;
+
+                if to_copy == buf.len() {
+                    return Ok(to_copy);
+                }
+
+                start += to_copy;
+            }
+        }
+
+        let read = self.buffer.read(&mut buf[start..])?;
+        self.offset += read;
+
+        Ok(read + start)
+    }
+}
+
+///
+/// ## PackBits Reader
+///
+
+enum PackBitsReaderState {
+    Header,
+    Literal,
+    Repeat { value: u8 },
+}
+
+/// Reader that unpacks Apple's `PackBits` format
+pub struct PackBitsReader<R: Read> {
+    reader: Take<R>,
+    state: PackBitsReaderState,
+    count: usize,
+}
+
+impl<R: Read> PackBitsReader<R> {
+    /// Wraps a reader
+    pub fn new(reader: R, length: u64) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            reader: reader.take(length),
+            state: PackBitsReaderState::Header,
+            count: 0,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<R: Read> Read for PackBitsReader<R> {
+    fn read(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        while let PackBitsReaderState::Header = self.state {
+            if self.reader.limit() == 0 {
+                return Ok(0);
+            }
+            let mut header: [u8; 1] = [0];
+            self.reader.read_exact(&mut header)?;
+            let h = header[0] as i8;
+            if h >= -127 && h <= -1 {
+                let mut data: [u8; 1] = [0];
+                self.reader.read_exact(&mut data)?;
+                self.state = PackBitsReaderState::Repeat { value: data[0] };
+                self.count = (1 - h as isize) as usize;
+            } else if h >= 0 {
+                self.state = PackBitsReaderState::Literal;
+                self.count = h as usize + 1;
+            } else {
+                // h = -128 is a no-op.
+            }
+        }
+
+        let length = buf.len().min(self.count);
+        let actual = match self.state {
+            PackBitsReaderState::Literal => self.reader.read(&mut buf[..length])?,
+            PackBitsReaderState::Repeat { value } => {
+                for b in &mut buf[..length] {
+                    *b = value;
+                }
+
+                length
+            }
+            PackBitsReaderState::Header => unreachable!(),
+        };
+
+        self.count -= actual;
+        if self.count == 0 {
+            self.state = PackBitsReaderState::Header;
+        }
+        return Ok(actual);
+    }
+}
+
+///
+/// ## SmartReader Reader
+///
+
+/// Reader that is aware of the byte order.
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct SmartReader<R>
+where
+    R: Read,
+{
+    reader: R,
+    pub byte_order: ByteOrder,
+}
+
+impl<R> SmartReader<R>
+where
+    R: Read,
+{
+    /// Wraps a reader
+    pub fn wrap(reader: R, byte_order: ByteOrder) -> SmartReader<R> {
+        SmartReader { reader, byte_order }
+    }
+    pub fn into_inner(self) -> R {
+        self.reader
+    }
+}
+impl<R: Read + Seek> SmartReader<R> {
+    pub fn goto_offset(&mut self, offset: u64) -> io::Result<()> {
+        self.seek(io::SeekFrom::Start(offset)).map(|_| ())
+    }
+}
+
+impl<R> EndianReader for SmartReader<R>
+where
+    R: Read,
+{
+    #[inline(always)]
+    fn byte_order(&self) -> ByteOrder {
+        self.byte_order
+    }
+}
+
+impl<R: Read> Read for SmartReader<R> {
+    #[inline]
+    fn read(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        self.reader.read(buf)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<R: Read + Seek> Seek for SmartReader<R> {
+    #[inline]
+    fn seek(&mut self, pos: io::SeekFrom) -> io::Result<u64> {
+        self.reader.seek(pos)
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod test {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_packbits() {
+        let encoded = vec![
+            0xFE, 0xAA, 0x02, 0x80, 0x00, 0x2A, 0xFD, 0xAA, 0x03, 0x80, 0x00, 0x2A, 0x22, 0xF7,
+            0xAA,
+        ];
+        let encoded_len = encoded.len();
+
+        let buff = io::Cursor::new(encoded);
+        let mut decoder = PackBitsReader::new(buff, encoded_len as u64);
+
+        let mut decoded = Vec::new();
+        decoder.read_to_end(&mut decoded).unwrap();
+
+        let expected = vec![
+            0xAA, 0xAA, 0xAA, 0x80, 0x00, 0x2A, 0xAA, 0xAA, 0xAA, 0xAA, 0x80, 0x00, 0x2A, 0x22,
+            0xAA, 0xAA, 0xAA, 0xAA, 0xAA, 0xAA, 0xAA, 0xAA, 0xAA, 0xAA,
+        ];
+        assert_eq!(decoded, expected);
+    }
+}

vendor/tiff/src/decoder/tag_reader.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+use std::convert::TryFrom;
+use std::io::{Read, Seek};
+
+use crate::tags::Tag;
+use crate::{TiffError, TiffFormatError, TiffResult};
+
+use super::ifd::{Directory, Value};
+use super::stream::SmartReader;
+use super::Limits;
+
+pub(crate) struct TagReader<'a, R: Read + Seek> {
+    pub reader: &'a mut SmartReader<R>,
+    pub ifd: &'a Directory,
+    pub limits: &'a Limits,
+    pub bigtiff: bool,
+}
+impl<'a, R: Read + Seek> TagReader<'a, R> {
+    pub(crate) fn find_tag(&mut self, tag: Tag) -> TiffResult<Option<Value>> {
+        Ok(match self.ifd.get(&tag) {
+            Some(entry) => Some(entry.clone().val(self.limits, self.bigtiff, self.reader)?),
+            None => None,
+        })
+    }
+    pub(crate) fn require_tag(&mut self, tag: Tag) -> TiffResult<Value> {
+        match self.find_tag(tag)? {
+            Some(val) => Ok(val),
+            None => Err(TiffError::FormatError(
+                TiffFormatError::RequiredTagNotFound(tag),
+            )),
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn find_tag_uint_vec<T: TryFrom<u64>>(&mut self, tag: Tag) -> TiffResult<Option<Vec<T>>> {
+        self.find_tag(tag)?
+            .map(|v| v.into_u64_vec())
+            .transpose()?
+            .map(|v| {
+                v.into_iter()
+                    .map(|u| {
+                        T::try_from(u).map_err(|_| TiffFormatError::InvalidTagValueType(tag).into())
+                    })
+                    .collect()
+            })
+            .transpose()
+    }
+}

vendor/tiff/src/encoder/colortype.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,245 @@
+use crate::tags::{PhotometricInterpretation, SampleFormat};
+
+/// Trait for different colortypes that can be encoded.
+pub trait ColorType {
+    /// The type of each sample of this colortype
+    type Inner: super::TiffValue;
+    /// The value of the tiff tag `PhotometricInterpretation`
+    const TIFF_VALUE: PhotometricInterpretation;
+    /// The value of the tiff tag `BitsPerSample`
+    const BITS_PER_SAMPLE: &'static [u16];
+    /// The value of the tiff tag `SampleFormat`
+    const SAMPLE_FORMAT: &'static [SampleFormat];
+}
+
+pub struct Gray8;
+impl ColorType for Gray8 {
+    type Inner = u8;
+    const TIFF_VALUE: PhotometricInterpretation = PhotometricInterpretation::BlackIsZero;
+    const BITS_PER_SAMPLE: &'static [u16] = &[8];
+    const SAMPLE_FORMAT: &'static [SampleFormat] = &[SampleFormat::Uint];
+}
+
+pub struct GrayI8;
+impl ColorType for GrayI8 {
+    type Inner = i8;
+    const TIFF_VALUE: PhotometricInterpretation = PhotometricInterpretation::BlackIsZero;
+    const BITS_PER_SAMPLE: &'static [u16] = &[8];
+    const SAMPLE_FORMAT: &'static [SampleFormat] = &[SampleFormat::Int];
+}
+
+pub struct Gray16;
+impl ColorType for Gray16 {
+    type Inner = u16;
+    const TIFF_VALUE: PhotometricInterpretation = PhotometricInterpretation::BlackIsZero;
+    const BITS_PER_SAMPLE: &'static [u16] = &[16];
+    const SAMPLE_FORMAT: &'static [SampleFormat] = &[SampleFormat::Uint];
+}
+
+pub struct GrayI16;
+impl ColorType for GrayI16 {
+    type Inner = i16;
+    const TIFF_VALUE: PhotometricInterpretation = PhotometricInterpretation::BlackIsZero;
+    const BITS_PER_SAMPLE: &'static [u16] = &[16];
+    const SAMPLE_FORMAT: &'static [SampleFormat] = &[SampleFormat::Int];
+}
+
+pub struct Gray32;
+impl ColorType for Gray32 {
+    type Inner = u32;
+    const TIFF_VALUE: PhotometricInterpretation = PhotometricInterpretation::BlackIsZero;
+    const BITS_PER_SAMPLE: &'static [u16] = &[32];
+    const SAMPLE_FORMAT: &'static [SampleFormat] = &[SampleFormat::Uint];
+}
+
+pub struct GrayI32;
+impl ColorType for GrayI32 {
+    type Inner = i32;
+    const TIFF_VALUE: PhotometricInterpretation = PhotometricInterpretation::BlackIsZero;
+    const BITS_PER_SAMPLE: &'static [u16] = &[32];
+    const SAMPLE_FORMAT: &'static [SampleFormat] = &[SampleFormat::Int];
+}
+
+pub struct Gray32Float;
+impl ColorType for Gray32Float {
+    type Inner = f32;
+    const TIFF_VALUE: PhotometricInterpretation = PhotometricInterpretation::BlackIsZero;
+    const BITS_PER_SAMPLE: &'static [u16] = &[32];
+    const SAMPLE_FORMAT: &'static [SampleFormat] = &[SampleFormat::IEEEFP];
+}
+
+pub struct Gray64;
+impl ColorType for Gray64 {
+    type Inner = u64;
+    const TIFF_VALUE: PhotometricInterpretation = PhotometricInterpretation::BlackIsZero;
+    const BITS_PER_SAMPLE: &'static [u16] = &[64];
+    const SAMPLE_FORMAT: &'static [SampleFormat] = &[SampleFormat::Uint];
+}
+
+pub struct GrayI64;
+impl ColorType for GrayI64 {
+    type Inner = i64;
+    const TIFF_VALUE: PhotometricInterpretation = PhotometricInterpretation::BlackIsZero;
+    const BITS_PER_SAMPLE: &'static [u16] = &[64];
+    const SAMPLE_FORMAT: &'static [SampleFormat] = &[SampleFormat::Int];
+}
+
+pub struct Gray64Float;
+impl ColorType for Gray64Float {
+    type Inner = f64;
+    const TIFF_VALUE: PhotometricInterpretation = PhotometricInterpretation::BlackIsZero;
+    const BITS_PER_SAMPLE: &'static [u16] = &[64];
+    const SAMPLE_FORMAT: &'static [SampleFormat] = &[SampleFormat::IEEEFP];
+}
+
+pub struct RGB8;
+impl ColorType for RGB8 {
+    type Inner = u8;
+    const TIFF_VALUE: PhotometricInterpretation = PhotometricInterpretation::RGB;
+    const BITS_PER_SAMPLE: &'static [u16] = &[8, 8, 8];
+    const SAMPLE_FORMAT: &'static [SampleFormat] = &[SampleFormat::Uint; 3];
+}
+
+pub struct RGB16;
+impl ColorType for RGB16 {
+    type Inner = u16;
+    const TIFF_VALUE: PhotometricInterpretation = PhotometricInterpretation::RGB;
+    const BITS_PER_SAMPLE: &'static [u16] = &[16, 16, 16];
+    const SAMPLE_FORMAT: &'static [SampleFormat] = &[SampleFormat::Uint; 3];
+}
+
+pub struct RGB32;
+impl ColorType for RGB32 {
+    type Inner = u32;
+    const TIFF_VALUE: PhotometricInterpretation = PhotometricInterpretation::RGB;
+    const BITS_PER_SAMPLE: &'static [u16] = &[32, 32, 32];
+    const SAMPLE_FORMAT: &'static [SampleFormat] = &[SampleFormat::Uint; 3];
+}
+
+pub struct RGB32Float;
+impl ColorType for RGB32Float {
+    type Inner = f32;
+    const TIFF_VALUE: PhotometricInterpretation = PhotometricInterpretation::RGB;
+    const BITS_PER_SAMPLE: &'static [u16] = &[32, 32, 32];
+    const SAMPLE_FORMAT: &'static [SampleFormat] = &[SampleFormat::IEEEFP; 3];
+}
+
+pub struct RGB64;
+impl ColorType for RGB64 {
+    type Inner = u64;
+    const TIFF_VALUE: PhotometricInterpretation = PhotometricInterpretation::RGB;
+    const BITS_PER_SAMPLE: &'static [u16] = &[64, 64, 64];
+    const SAMPLE_FORMAT: &'static [SampleFormat] = &[SampleFormat::Uint; 3];
+}
+
+pub struct RGB64Float;
+impl ColorType for RGB64Float {
+    type Inner = f64;
+    const TIFF_VALUE: PhotometricInterpretation = PhotometricInterpretation::RGB;
+    const BITS_PER_SAMPLE: &'static [u16] = &[64, 64, 64];
+    const SAMPLE_FORMAT: &'static [SampleFormat] = &[SampleFormat::IEEEFP; 3];
+}
+
+pub struct RGBA8;
+impl ColorType for RGBA8 {
+    type Inner = u8;
+    const TIFF_VALUE: PhotometricInterpretation = PhotometricInterpretation::RGB;
+    const BITS_PER_SAMPLE: &'static [u16] = &[8, 8, 8, 8];
+    const SAMPLE_FORMAT: &'static [SampleFormat] = &[SampleFormat::Uint; 4];
+}
+
+pub struct RGBA16;
+impl ColorType for RGBA16 {
+    type Inner = u16;
+    const TIFF_VALUE: PhotometricInterpretation = PhotometricInterpretation::RGB;
+    const BITS_PER_SAMPLE: &'static [u16] = &[16, 16, 16, 16];
+    const SAMPLE_FORMAT: &'static [SampleFormat] = &[SampleFormat::Uint; 4];
+}
+
+pub struct RGBA32;
+impl ColorType for RGBA32 {
+    type Inner = u32;
+    const TIFF_VALUE: PhotometricInterpretation = PhotometricInterpretation::RGB;
+    const BITS_PER_SAMPLE: &'static [u16] = &[32, 32, 32, 32];
+    const SAMPLE_FORMAT: &'static [SampleFormat] = &[SampleFormat::Uint; 4];
+}
+
+pub struct RGBA32Float;
+impl ColorType for RGBA32Float {
+    type Inner = f32;
+    const TIFF_VALUE: PhotometricInterpretation = PhotometricInterpretation::RGB;
+    const BITS_PER_SAMPLE: &'static [u16] = &[32, 32, 32, 32];
+    const SAMPLE_FORMAT: &'static [SampleFormat] = &[SampleFormat::IEEEFP; 4];
+}
+
+pub struct RGBA64;
+impl ColorType for RGBA64 {
+    type Inner = u64;
+    const TIFF_VALUE: PhotometricInterpretation = PhotometricInterpretation::RGB;
+    const BITS_PER_SAMPLE: &'static [u16] = &[64, 64, 64, 64];
+    const SAMPLE_FORMAT: &'static [SampleFormat] = &[SampleFormat::Uint; 4];
+}
+
+pub struct RGBA64Float;
+impl ColorType for RGBA64Float {
+    type Inner = f64;
+    const TIFF_VALUE: PhotometricInterpretation = PhotometricInterpretation::RGB;
+    const BITS_PER_SAMPLE: &'static [u16] = &[64, 64, 64, 64];
+    const SAMPLE_FORMAT: &'static [SampleFormat] = &[SampleFormat::IEEEFP; 4];
+}
+
+pub struct CMYK8;
+impl ColorType for CMYK8 {
+    type Inner = u8;
+    const TIFF_VALUE: PhotometricInterpretation = PhotometricInterpretation::CMYK;
+    const BITS_PER_SAMPLE: &'static [u16] = &[8, 8, 8, 8];
+    const SAMPLE_FORMAT: &'static [SampleFormat] = &[SampleFormat::Uint; 4];
+}
+
+pub struct CMYK16;
+impl ColorType for CMYK16 {
+    type Inner = u16;
+    const TIFF_VALUE: PhotometricInterpretation = PhotometricInterpretation::CMYK;
+    const BITS_PER_SAMPLE: &'static [u16] = &[16, 16, 16, 16];
+    const SAMPLE_FORMAT: &'static [SampleFormat] = &[SampleFormat::Uint; 4];
+}
+
+pub struct CMYK32;
+impl ColorType for CMYK32 {
+    type Inner = u32;
+    const TIFF_VALUE: PhotometricInterpretation = PhotometricInterpretation::CMYK;
+    const BITS_PER_SAMPLE: &'static [u16] = &[32, 32, 32, 32];
+    const SAMPLE_FORMAT: &'static [SampleFormat] = &[SampleFormat::Uint; 4];
+}
+
+pub struct CMYK32Float;
+impl ColorType for CMYK32Float {
+    type Inner = f32;
+    const TIFF_VALUE: PhotometricInterpretation = PhotometricInterpretation::CMYK;
+    const BITS_PER_SAMPLE: &'static [u16] = &[32, 32, 32, 32];
+    const SAMPLE_FORMAT: &'static [SampleFormat] = &[SampleFormat::IEEEFP; 4];
+}
+
+pub struct CMYK64;
+impl ColorType for CMYK64 {
+    type Inner = u64;
+    const TIFF_VALUE: PhotometricInterpretation = PhotometricInterpretation::CMYK;
+    const BITS_PER_SAMPLE: &'static [u16] = &[64, 64, 64, 64];
+    const SAMPLE_FORMAT: &'static [SampleFormat] = &[SampleFormat::Uint; 4];
+}
+
+pub struct CMYK64Float;
+impl ColorType for CMYK64Float {
+    type Inner = f64;
+    const TIFF_VALUE: PhotometricInterpretation = PhotometricInterpretation::CMYK;
+    const BITS_PER_SAMPLE: &'static [u16] = &[64, 64, 64, 64];
+    const SAMPLE_FORMAT: &'static [SampleFormat] = &[SampleFormat::IEEEFP; 4];
+}
+
+pub struct YCbCr8;
+impl ColorType for YCbCr8 {
+    type Inner = u8;
+    const TIFF_VALUE: PhotometricInterpretation = PhotometricInterpretation::YCbCr;
+    const BITS_PER_SAMPLE: &'static [u16] = &[8, 8, 8];
+    const SAMPLE_FORMAT: &'static [SampleFormat] = &[SampleFormat::Uint; 3];
+}

vendor/tiff/src/encoder/compression/deflate.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+use crate::{encoder::compression::*, tags::CompressionMethod};
+use flate2::{write::ZlibEncoder, Compression as FlateCompression};
+use std::io::Write;
+
+/// The Deflate algorithm used to compress image data in TIFF files.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct Deflate {
+    level: FlateCompression,
+}
+
+/// The level of compression used by the Deflate algorithm.
+/// It allows trading compression ratio for compression speed.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord)]
+#[non_exhaustive]
+pub enum DeflateLevel {
+    /// The fastest possible compression mode.
+    Fast = 1,
+    /// The conserative choice between speed and ratio.
+    Balanced = 6,
+    /// The best compression available with Deflate.
+    Best = 9,
+}
+
+impl Default for DeflateLevel {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        DeflateLevel::Balanced
+    }
+}
+
+impl Deflate {
+    /// Create a new deflate compressor with a specific level of compression.
+    pub fn with_level(level: DeflateLevel) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            level: FlateCompression::new(level as u32),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Default for Deflate {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::with_level(DeflateLevel::default())
+    }
+}
+
+impl Compression for Deflate {
+    const COMPRESSION_METHOD: CompressionMethod = CompressionMethod::Deflate;
+
+    fn get_algorithm(&self) -> Compressor {
+        Compressor::Deflate(self.clone())
+    }
+}
+
+impl CompressionAlgorithm for Deflate {
+    fn write_to<W: Write>(&mut self, writer: &mut W, bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<u64, io::Error> {
+        let mut encoder = ZlibEncoder::new(writer, self.level);
+        encoder.write_all(bytes)?;
+        encoder.try_finish()?;
+        Ok(encoder.total_out())
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use crate::encoder::compression::tests::TEST_DATA;
+    use std::io::Cursor;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_deflate() {
+        const EXPECTED_COMPRESSED_DATA: [u8; 64] = [
+            0x78, 0x9C, 0x15, 0xC7, 0xD1, 0x0D, 0x80, 0x20, 0x0C, 0x04, 0xD0, 0x55, 0x6E, 0x02,
+            0xA7, 0x71, 0x81, 0xA6, 0x41, 0xDA, 0x28, 0xD4, 0xF4, 0xD0, 0xF9, 0x81, 0xE4, 0xFD,
+            0xBC, 0xD3, 0x9C, 0x58, 0x04, 0x1C, 0xE9, 0xBD, 0xE2, 0x8A, 0x84, 0x5A, 0xD1, 0x7B,
+            0xE7, 0x97, 0xF4, 0xF8, 0x08, 0x8D, 0xF6, 0x66, 0x21, 0x3D, 0x3A, 0xE4, 0xA9, 0x91,
+            0x3E, 0xAC, 0xF1, 0x98, 0xB9, 0x70, 0x17, 0x13,
+        ];
+
+        let mut compressed_data = Vec::<u8>::new();
+        let mut writer = Cursor::new(&mut compressed_data);
+        Deflate::default().write_to(&mut writer, TEST_DATA).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(EXPECTED_COMPRESSED_DATA, compressed_data.as_slice());
+    }
+}

vendor/tiff/src/encoder/compression/lzw.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+use crate::{encoder::compression::*, tags::CompressionMethod};
+use std::io::Write;
+use weezl::encode::Encoder as LZWEncoder;
+
+/// The LZW algorithm used to compress image data in TIFF files.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Default)]
+pub struct Lzw;
+
+impl Compression for Lzw {
+    const COMPRESSION_METHOD: CompressionMethod = CompressionMethod::LZW;
+
+    fn get_algorithm(&self) -> Compressor {
+        Compressor::Lzw(*self)
+    }
+}
+
+impl CompressionAlgorithm for Lzw {
+    fn write_to<W: Write>(&mut self, writer: &mut W, bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<u64, io::Error> {
+        let mut encoder = LZWEncoder::with_tiff_size_switch(weezl::BitOrder::Msb, 8);
+        let result = encoder.into_stream(writer).encode_all(bytes);
+        let byte_count = result.bytes_written as u64;
+        result.status.map(|_| byte_count)
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use crate::encoder::compression::tests::TEST_DATA;
+    use std::io::Cursor;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_lzw() {
+        const EXPECTED_COMPRESSED_DATA: [u8; 63] = [
+            0x80, 0x15, 0x0D, 0x06, 0x93, 0x98, 0x82, 0x08, 0x20, 0x30, 0x88, 0x0E, 0x67, 0x43,
+            0x91, 0xA4, 0xDC, 0x67, 0x10, 0x19, 0x8D, 0xE7, 0x21, 0x01, 0x8C, 0xD0, 0x65, 0x31,
+            0x9A, 0xE1, 0xD1, 0x03, 0xB1, 0x86, 0x1A, 0x6F, 0x3A, 0xC1, 0x4C, 0x66, 0xF3, 0x69,
+            0xC0, 0xE4, 0x65, 0x39, 0x9C, 0xCD, 0x26, 0xF3, 0x74, 0x20, 0xD8, 0x67, 0x89, 0x9A,
+            0x4E, 0x86, 0x83, 0x69, 0xCC, 0x5D, 0x01,
+        ];
+
+        let mut compressed_data = Vec::<u8>::new();
+        let mut writer = Cursor::new(&mut compressed_data);
+        Lzw::default().write_to(&mut writer, TEST_DATA).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(EXPECTED_COMPRESSED_DATA, compressed_data.as_slice());
+    }
+}

vendor/tiff/src/encoder/compression/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+use crate::tags::CompressionMethod;
+use std::io::{self, Write};
+
+mod deflate;
+mod lzw;
+mod packbits;
+mod uncompressed;
+
+pub use self::deflate::{Deflate, DeflateLevel};
+pub use self::lzw::Lzw;
+pub use self::packbits::Packbits;
+pub use self::uncompressed::Uncompressed;
+
+/// An algorithm used for compression
+pub trait CompressionAlgorithm {
+    /// The algorithm writes data directly into the writer.
+    /// It returns the total number of bytes written.
+    fn write_to<W: Write>(&mut self, writer: &mut W, bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<u64, io::Error>;
+}
+
+/// An algorithm used for compression with associated enums and optional configurations.
+pub trait Compression: CompressionAlgorithm {
+    /// The corresponding tag to the algorithm.
+    const COMPRESSION_METHOD: CompressionMethod;
+
+    /// Method to optain a type that can store each variant of comression algorithm.
+    fn get_algorithm(&self) -> Compressor;
+}
+
+/// An enum to store each compression algorithm.
+pub enum Compressor {
+    Uncompressed(Uncompressed),
+    Lzw(Lzw),
+    Deflate(Deflate),
+    Packbits(Packbits),
+}
+
+impl Default for Compressor {
+    /// The default compression strategy does not apply any compression.
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Compressor::Uncompressed(Uncompressed::default())
+    }
+}
+
+impl CompressionAlgorithm for Compressor {
+    fn write_to<W: Write>(&mut self, writer: &mut W, bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<u64, io::Error> {
+        match self {
+            Compressor::Uncompressed(algorithm) => algorithm.write_to(writer, bytes),
+            Compressor::Lzw(algorithm) => algorithm.write_to(writer, bytes),
+            Compressor::Deflate(algorithm) => algorithm.write_to(writer, bytes),
+            Compressor::Packbits(algorithm) => algorithm.write_to(writer, bytes),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    pub const TEST_DATA: &'static [u8] =
+        b"This is a string for checking various compression algorithms.";
+}

vendor/tiff/src/encoder/compression/packbits.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,214 @@
+use crate::{encoder::compression::*, tags::CompressionMethod};
+use std::io::{BufWriter, Error, ErrorKind, Write};
+
+/// Compressor that uses the Packbits[^note] algorithm to compress bytes.
+///
+/// [^note]: PackBits is often ineffective on continuous tone images,
+///          including many grayscale images. In such cases, it is better
+///          to leave the image uncompressed.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Default)]
+pub struct Packbits;
+
+impl Compression for Packbits {
+    const COMPRESSION_METHOD: CompressionMethod = CompressionMethod::PackBits;
+
+    fn get_algorithm(&self) -> Compressor {
+        Compressor::Packbits(*self)
+    }
+}
+
+impl CompressionAlgorithm for Packbits {
+    fn write_to<W: Write>(&mut self, writer: &mut W, bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<u64, io::Error> {
+        // Inspired by https://github.com/skirridsystems/packbits
+
+        const MIN_REPT: u8 = 3; // Minimum run to compress between differ blocks
+        const MAX_BYTES: u8 = 128; // Maximum number of bytes that can be encoded in a header byte
+
+        // Encoding for header byte based on number of bytes represented.
+        fn encode_diff(n: u8) -> u8 {
+            n - 1
+        }
+        fn encode_rept(n: u8) -> u8 {
+            let var = 256 - (n - 1) as u16;
+            var as u8
+        }
+
+        fn write_u8<W: Write>(writer: &mut W, byte: u8) -> Result<u64, Error> {
+            writer.write(&[byte]).map(|byte_count| byte_count as u64)
+        }
+
+        let mut bufwriter = BufWriter::new(writer);
+        let mut bytes_written = 0u64; // The number of bytes written into the writer
+        let mut offset: Option<u64> = None; // The index of the first byte written into the writer
+
+        let mut src_index: usize = 0; // Index of the current byte
+        let mut src_count = bytes.len(); //The number of bytes remaining to be compressed
+
+        let mut in_run = false; // Indication whether counting of similar bytes is performed
+        let mut run_index = 0u8; // Distance into pending bytes that a run starts
+
+        let mut bytes_pending = 0u8; // Bytes looked at but not yet output
+        let mut pending_index = 0usize; // Index of the first pending byte
+
+        let mut curr_byte: u8; // Byte currently being considered
+        let mut last_byte: u8; // Previous byte
+
+        // Need at least one byte to compress
+        if src_count == 0 {
+            return Err(Error::new(ErrorKind::WriteZero, "write zero"));
+        }
+
+        // Prime compressor with first character.
+        last_byte = bytes[src_index];
+        src_index += 1;
+        bytes_pending += 1;
+
+        while src_count - 1 != 0 {
+            src_count -= 1;
+            curr_byte = bytes[src_index];
+            src_index += 1;
+            bytes_pending += 1;
+
+            if in_run {
+                if (curr_byte != last_byte) || (bytes_pending > MAX_BYTES) {
+                    offset.get_or_insert(write_u8(&mut bufwriter, encode_rept(bytes_pending - 1))?);
+                    write_u8(&mut bufwriter, last_byte)?;
+                    bytes_written += 2;
+
+                    bytes_pending = 1;
+                    pending_index = src_index - 1;
+                    run_index = 0;
+                    in_run = false;
+                }
+            } else {
+                if bytes_pending > MAX_BYTES {
+                    // We have as much differing data as we can output in one chunk.
+                    // Output MAX_BYTES leaving one byte.
+                    offset.get_or_insert(write_u8(&mut bufwriter, encode_diff(MAX_BYTES))?);
+                    bufwriter.write(&bytes[pending_index..pending_index + MAX_BYTES as usize])?;
+                    bytes_written += 1 + MAX_BYTES as u64;
+
+                    pending_index += MAX_BYTES as usize;
+                    bytes_pending -= MAX_BYTES;
+                    run_index = bytes_pending - 1; // A run could start here
+                } else if curr_byte == last_byte {
+                    if (bytes_pending - run_index >= MIN_REPT) || (run_index == 0) {
+                        // This is a worthwhile run
+                        if run_index != 0 {
+                            // Flush differing data out of input buffer
+                            offset.get_or_insert(write_u8(&mut bufwriter, encode_diff(run_index))?);
+                            bufwriter
+                                .write(&bytes[pending_index..pending_index + run_index as usize])?;
+                            bytes_written += 1 + run_index as u64;
+                        }
+                        bytes_pending -= run_index; // Length of run
+                        in_run = true;
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    run_index = bytes_pending - 1; // A run could start here
+                }
+            }
+            last_byte = curr_byte;
+        }
+
+        // Output the remainder
+        if in_run {
+            bytes_written += 2;
+            offset.get_or_insert(write_u8(&mut bufwriter, encode_rept(bytes_pending))?);
+            write_u8(&mut bufwriter, last_byte)?;
+        } else {
+            bytes_written += 1 + bytes_pending as u64;
+            offset.get_or_insert(write_u8(&mut bufwriter, encode_diff(bytes_pending))?);
+            bufwriter.write(&bytes[pending_index..pending_index + bytes_pending as usize])?;
+        }
+
+        bufwriter.flush()?;
+        Ok(bytes_written)
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use crate::encoder::compression::tests::TEST_DATA;
+    use std::io::Cursor;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_packbits_single_byte() {
+        // compress single byte
+        const UNCOMPRESSED_DATA: [u8; 1] = [0x3F];
+        const EXPECTED_COMPRESSED_DATA: [u8; 2] = [0x00, 0x3F];
+
+        let mut compressed_data = Vec::<u8>::new();
+        let mut writer = Cursor::new(&mut compressed_data);
+        Packbits::default()
+            .write_to(&mut writer, &UNCOMPRESSED_DATA)
+            .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(compressed_data, EXPECTED_COMPRESSED_DATA);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_packbits_rept() {
+        // compress buffer with repetitive sequence
+        const UNCOMPRESSED_DATA: &'static [u8] =
+            b"This strrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrring hangs.";
+        const EXPECTED_COMPRESSED_DATA: &'static [u8] = b"\x06This st\xD1r\x09ing hangs.";
+
+        let mut compressed_data = Vec::<u8>::new();
+        let mut writer = Cursor::new(&mut compressed_data);
+        Packbits::default()
+            .write_to(&mut writer, UNCOMPRESSED_DATA)
+            .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(compressed_data, EXPECTED_COMPRESSED_DATA);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_packbits_large_rept_nonrept() {
+        // compress buffer with large repetitive and non-repetitive sequence
+        let mut data = b"This st".to_vec();
+        for _i in 0..158 {
+            data.push(b'r');
+        }
+        data.extend_from_slice(b"ing hangs.");
+        for i in 0..158 {
+            data.push(i);
+        }
+
+        const EXPECTED_COMPRESSED_DATA: [u8; 182] = [
+            0x06, 0x54, 0x68, 0x69, 0x73, 0x20, 0x73, 0x74, 0x81, 0x72, 0xE3, 0x72, 0x7F, 0x69,
+            0x6E, 0x67, 0x20, 0x68, 0x61, 0x6E, 0x67, 0x73, 0x2E, 0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04,
+            0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08, 0x09, 0x0A, 0x0B, 0x0C, 0x0D, 0x0E, 0x0F, 0x10, 0x11, 0x12,
+            0x13, 0x14, 0x15, 0x16, 0x17, 0x18, 0x19, 0x1A, 0x1B, 0x1C, 0x1D, 0x1E, 0x1F, 0x20,
+            0x21, 0x22, 0x23, 0x24, 0x25, 0x26, 0x27, 0x28, 0x29, 0x2A, 0x2B, 0x2C, 0x2D, 0x2E,
+            0x2F, 0x30, 0x31, 0x32, 0x33, 0x34, 0x35, 0x36, 0x37, 0x38, 0x39, 0x3A, 0x3B, 0x3C,
+            0x3D, 0x3E, 0x3F, 0x40, 0x41, 0x42, 0x43, 0x44, 0x45, 0x46, 0x47, 0x48, 0x49, 0x4A,
+            0x4B, 0x4C, 0x4D, 0x4E, 0x4F, 0x50, 0x51, 0x52, 0x53, 0x54, 0x55, 0x56, 0x57, 0x58,
+            0x59, 0x5A, 0x5B, 0x5C, 0x5D, 0x5E, 0x5F, 0x60, 0x61, 0x62, 0x63, 0x64, 0x65, 0x66,
+            0x67, 0x68, 0x69, 0x6A, 0x6B, 0x6C, 0x6D, 0x6E, 0x6F, 0x70, 0x71, 0x72, 0x73, 0x74,
+            0x75, 0x27, 0x76, 0x77, 0x78, 0x79, 0x7A, 0x7B, 0x7C, 0x7D, 0x7E, 0x7F, 0x80, 0x81,
+            0x82, 0x83, 0x84, 0x85, 0x86, 0x87, 0x88, 0x89, 0x8A, 0x8B, 0x8C, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x8F,
+            0x90, 0x91, 0x92, 0x93, 0x94, 0x95, 0x96, 0x97, 0x98, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x9C, 0x9D,
+        ];
+
+        let mut compressed_data = Vec::<u8>::new();
+        let mut writer = Cursor::new(&mut compressed_data);
+        Packbits::default()
+            .write_to(&mut writer, data.as_slice())
+            .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(compressed_data, EXPECTED_COMPRESSED_DATA);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_packbits() {
+        // compress teststring
+        const EXPECTED_COMPRESSED_DATA: &'static [u8] =
+            b"\x3CThis is a string for checking various compression algorithms.";
+
+        let mut compressed_data = Vec::<u8>::new();
+        let mut writer = Cursor::new(&mut compressed_data);
+        Packbits::default()
+            .write_to(&mut writer, TEST_DATA)
+            .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(compressed_data, EXPECTED_COMPRESSED_DATA);
+    }
+}

vendor/tiff/src/encoder/compression/uncompressed.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+use crate::{encoder::compression::*, tags::CompressionMethod};
+use std::io::Write;
+
+/// The default algorithm which does not compress at all.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Default)]
+pub struct Uncompressed;
+
+impl Compression for Uncompressed {
+    const COMPRESSION_METHOD: CompressionMethod = CompressionMethod::None;
+
+    fn get_algorithm(&self) -> Compressor {
+        Compressor::Uncompressed(*self)
+    }
+}
+
+impl CompressionAlgorithm for Uncompressed {
+    fn write_to<W: Write>(&mut self, writer: &mut W, bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<u64, io::Error> {
+        writer.write(bytes).map(|byte_count| byte_count as u64)
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use crate::encoder::compression::tests::TEST_DATA;
+    use std::io::Cursor;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_no_compression() {
+        let mut compressed_data = Vec::<u8>::new();
+        let mut writer = Cursor::new(&mut compressed_data);
+        Uncompressed::default()
+            .write_to(&mut writer, TEST_DATA)
+            .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(TEST_DATA, compressed_data);
+    }
+}

vendor/tiff/src/encoder/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,681 @@
+pub use tiff_value::*;
+
+use std::{
+    cmp,
+    collections::BTreeMap,
+    convert::{TryFrom, TryInto},
+    io::{self, Seek, Write},
+    marker::PhantomData,
+    mem,
+    num::TryFromIntError,
+};
+
+use crate::{
+    error::TiffResult,
+    tags::{CompressionMethod, ResolutionUnit, Tag},
+    TiffError, TiffFormatError,
+};
+
+pub mod colortype;
+pub mod compression;
+mod tiff_value;
+mod writer;
+
+use self::colortype::*;
+use self::compression::*;
+use self::writer::*;
+
+/// Encoder for Tiff and BigTiff files.
+///
+/// With this type you can get a `DirectoryEncoder` or a `ImageEncoder`
+/// to encode Tiff/BigTiff ifd directories with images.
+///
+/// See `DirectoryEncoder` and `ImageEncoder`.
+///
+/// # Examples
+/// ```
+/// # extern crate tiff;
+/// # fn main() {
+/// # let mut file = std::io::Cursor::new(Vec::new());
+/// # let image_data = vec![0; 100*100*3];
+/// use tiff::encoder::*;
+///
+/// // create a standard Tiff file
+/// let mut tiff = TiffEncoder::new(&mut file).unwrap();
+/// tiff.write_image::<colortype::RGB8>(100, 100, &image_data).unwrap();
+///
+/// // create a BigTiff file
+/// let mut bigtiff = TiffEncoder::new_big(&mut file).unwrap();
+/// bigtiff.write_image::<colortype::RGB8>(100, 100, &image_data).unwrap();
+///
+/// # }
+/// ```
+pub struct TiffEncoder<W, K: TiffKind = TiffKindStandard> {
+    writer: TiffWriter<W>,
+    kind: PhantomData<K>,
+}
+
+/// Constructor functions to create standard Tiff files.
+impl<W: Write + Seek> TiffEncoder<W> {
+    /// Creates a new encoder for standard Tiff files.
+    ///
+    /// To create BigTiff files, use [`new_big`][TiffEncoder::new_big] or
+    /// [`new_generic`][TiffEncoder::new_generic].
+    pub fn new(writer: W) -> TiffResult<TiffEncoder<W, TiffKindStandard>> {
+        TiffEncoder::new_generic(writer)
+    }
+}
+
+/// Constructor functions to create BigTiff files.
+impl<W: Write + Seek> TiffEncoder<W, TiffKindBig> {
+    /// Creates a new encoder for BigTiff files.
+    ///
+    /// To create standard Tiff files, use [`new`][TiffEncoder::new] or
+    /// [`new_generic`][TiffEncoder::new_generic].
+    pub fn new_big(writer: W) -> TiffResult<Self> {
+        TiffEncoder::new_generic(writer)
+    }
+}
+
+/// Generic functions that are available for both Tiff and BigTiff encoders.
+impl<W: Write + Seek, K: TiffKind> TiffEncoder<W, K> {
+    /// Creates a new Tiff or BigTiff encoder, inferred from the return type.
+    pub fn new_generic(writer: W) -> TiffResult<Self> {
+        let mut encoder = TiffEncoder {
+            writer: TiffWriter::new(writer),
+            kind: PhantomData,
+        };
+
+        K::write_header(&mut encoder.writer)?;
+
+        Ok(encoder)
+    }
+
+    /// Create a [`DirectoryEncoder`] to encode an ifd directory.
+    pub fn new_directory(&mut self) -> TiffResult<DirectoryEncoder<W, K>> {
+        DirectoryEncoder::new(&mut self.writer)
+    }
+
+    /// Create an [`ImageEncoder`] to encode an image one slice at a time.
+    pub fn new_image<C: ColorType>(
+        &mut self,
+        width: u32,
+        height: u32,
+    ) -> TiffResult<ImageEncoder<W, C, K, Uncompressed>> {
+        let encoder = DirectoryEncoder::new(&mut self.writer)?;
+        ImageEncoder::new(encoder, width, height)
+    }
+
+    /// Create an [`ImageEncoder`] to encode an image one slice at a time.
+    pub fn new_image_with_compression<C: ColorType, D: Compression>(
+        &mut self,
+        width: u32,
+        height: u32,
+        compression: D,
+    ) -> TiffResult<ImageEncoder<W, C, K, D>> {
+        let encoder = DirectoryEncoder::new(&mut self.writer)?;
+        ImageEncoder::with_compression(encoder, width, height, compression)
+    }
+
+    /// Convenience function to write an entire image from memory.
+    pub fn write_image<C: ColorType>(
+        &mut self,
+        width: u32,
+        height: u32,
+        data: &[C::Inner],
+    ) -> TiffResult<()>
+    where
+        [C::Inner]: TiffValue,
+    {
+        let encoder = DirectoryEncoder::new(&mut self.writer)?;
+        let image: ImageEncoder<W, C, K> = ImageEncoder::new(encoder, width, height)?;
+        image.write_data(data)
+    }
+
+    /// Convenience function to write an entire image from memory with a given compression.
+    pub fn write_image_with_compression<C: ColorType, D: Compression>(
+        &mut self,
+        width: u32,
+        height: u32,
+        compression: D,
+        data: &[C::Inner],
+    ) -> TiffResult<()>
+    where
+        [C::Inner]: TiffValue,
+    {
+        let encoder = DirectoryEncoder::new(&mut self.writer)?;
+        let image: ImageEncoder<W, C, K, D> =
+            ImageEncoder::with_compression(encoder, width, height, compression)?;
+        image.write_data(data)
+    }
+}
+
+/// Low level interface to encode ifd directories.
+///
+/// You should call `finish` on this when you are finished with it.
+/// Encoding can silently fail while this is dropping.
+pub struct DirectoryEncoder<'a, W: 'a + Write + Seek, K: TiffKind> {
+    writer: &'a mut TiffWriter<W>,
+    dropped: bool,
+    // We use BTreeMap to make sure tags are written in correct order
+    ifd_pointer_pos: u64,
+    ifd: BTreeMap<u16, DirectoryEntry<K::OffsetType>>,
+}
+
+impl<'a, W: 'a + Write + Seek, K: TiffKind> DirectoryEncoder<'a, W, K> {
+    fn new(writer: &'a mut TiffWriter<W>) -> TiffResult<Self> {
+        // the previous word is the IFD offset position
+        let ifd_pointer_pos = writer.offset() - mem::size_of::<K::OffsetType>() as u64;
+        writer.pad_word_boundary()?; // TODO: Do we need to adjust this for BigTiff?
+        Ok(DirectoryEncoder {
+            writer,
+            dropped: false,
+            ifd_pointer_pos,
+            ifd: BTreeMap::new(),
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Write a single ifd tag.
+    pub fn write_tag<T: TiffValue>(&mut self, tag: Tag, value: T) -> TiffResult<()> {
+        let mut bytes = Vec::with_capacity(value.bytes());
+        {
+            let mut writer = TiffWriter::new(&mut bytes);
+            value.write(&mut writer)?;
+        }
+
+        self.ifd.insert(
+            tag.to_u16(),
+            DirectoryEntry {
+                data_type: <T>::FIELD_TYPE.to_u16(),
+                count: value.count().try_into()?,
+                data: bytes,
+            },
+        );
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn write_directory(&mut self) -> TiffResult<u64> {
+        // Start by writing out all values
+        for &mut DirectoryEntry {
+            data: ref mut bytes,
+            ..
+        } in self.ifd.values_mut()
+        {
+            let data_bytes = mem::size_of::<K::OffsetType>();
+
+            if bytes.len() > data_bytes {
+                let offset = self.writer.offset();
+                self.writer.write_bytes(bytes)?;
+                *bytes = vec![0; data_bytes];
+                let mut writer = TiffWriter::new(bytes as &mut [u8]);
+                K::write_offset(&mut writer, offset)?;
+            } else {
+                while bytes.len() < data_bytes {
+                    bytes.push(0);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        let offset = self.writer.offset();
+
+        K::write_entry_count(&mut self.writer, self.ifd.len())?;
+        for (
+            tag,
+            &DirectoryEntry {
+                data_type: ref field_type,
+                ref count,
+                data: ref offset,
+            },
+        ) in self.ifd.iter()
+        {
+            self.writer.write_u16(*tag)?;
+            self.writer.write_u16(*field_type)?;
+            (*count).write(&mut self.writer)?;
+            self.writer.write_bytes(offset)?;
+        }
+
+        Ok(offset)
+    }
+
+    /// Write some data to the tiff file, the offset of the data is returned.
+    ///
+    /// This could be used to write tiff strips.
+    pub fn write_data<T: TiffValue>(&mut self, value: T) -> TiffResult<u64> {
+        let offset = self.writer.offset();
+        value.write(&mut self.writer)?;
+        Ok(offset)
+    }
+
+    /// Provides the number of bytes written by the underlying TiffWriter during the last call.
+    fn last_written(&self) -> u64 {
+        self.writer.last_written()
+    }
+
+    fn finish_internal(&mut self) -> TiffResult<()> {
+        let ifd_pointer = self.write_directory()?;
+        let curr_pos = self.writer.offset();
+
+        self.writer.goto_offset(self.ifd_pointer_pos)?;
+        K::write_offset(&mut self.writer, ifd_pointer)?;
+        self.writer.goto_offset(curr_pos)?;
+        K::write_offset(&mut self.writer, 0)?;
+
+        self.dropped = true;
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Write out the ifd directory.
+    pub fn finish(mut self) -> TiffResult<()> {
+        self.finish_internal()
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a, W: Write + Seek, K: TiffKind> Drop for DirectoryEncoder<'a, W, K> {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        if !self.dropped {
+            let _ = self.finish_internal();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Type to encode images strip by strip.
+///
+/// You should call `finish` on this when you are finished with it.
+/// Encoding can silently fail while this is dropping.
+///
+/// # Examples
+/// ```
+/// # extern crate tiff;
+/// # fn main() {
+/// # let mut file = std::io::Cursor::new(Vec::new());
+/// # let image_data = vec![0; 100*100*3];
+/// use tiff::encoder::*;
+/// use tiff::tags::Tag;
+///
+/// let mut tiff = TiffEncoder::new(&mut file).unwrap();
+/// let mut image = tiff.new_image::<colortype::RGB8>(100, 100).unwrap();
+///
+/// // You can encode tags here
+/// image.encoder().write_tag(Tag::Artist, "Image-tiff").unwrap();
+///
+/// // Strip size can be configured before writing data
+/// image.rows_per_strip(2).unwrap();
+///
+/// let mut idx = 0;
+/// while image.next_strip_sample_count() > 0 {
+///     let sample_count = image.next_strip_sample_count() as usize;
+///     image.write_strip(&image_data[idx..idx+sample_count]).unwrap();
+///     idx += sample_count;
+/// }
+/// image.finish().unwrap();
+/// # }
+/// ```
+/// You can also call write_data function wich will encode by strip and finish
+pub struct ImageEncoder<
+    'a,
+    W: 'a + Write + Seek,
+    C: ColorType,
+    K: TiffKind,
+    D: Compression = Uncompressed,
+> {
+    encoder: DirectoryEncoder<'a, W, K>,
+    strip_idx: u64,
+    strip_count: u64,
+    row_samples: u64,
+    width: u32,
+    height: u32,
+    rows_per_strip: u64,
+    strip_offsets: Vec<K::OffsetType>,
+    strip_byte_count: Vec<K::OffsetType>,
+    dropped: bool,
+    compression: D,
+    _phantom: ::std::marker::PhantomData<C>,
+}
+
+impl<'a, W: 'a + Write + Seek, T: ColorType, K: TiffKind, D: Compression>
+    ImageEncoder<'a, W, T, K, D>
+{
+    fn new(encoder: DirectoryEncoder<'a, W, K>, width: u32, height: u32) -> TiffResult<Self>
+    where
+        D: Default,
+    {
+        Self::with_compression(encoder, width, height, D::default())
+    }
+
+    fn with_compression(
+        mut encoder: DirectoryEncoder<'a, W, K>,
+        width: u32,
+        height: u32,
+        compression: D,
+    ) -> TiffResult<Self> {
+        if width == 0 || height == 0 {
+            return Err(TiffError::FormatError(TiffFormatError::InvalidDimensions(
+                width, height,
+            )));
+        }
+
+        let row_samples = u64::from(width) * u64::try_from(<T>::BITS_PER_SAMPLE.len())?;
+        let row_bytes = row_samples * u64::from(<T::Inner>::BYTE_LEN);
+
+        // Limit the strip size to prevent potential memory and security issues.
+        // Also keep the multiple strip handling 'oiled'
+        let rows_per_strip = {
+            match D::COMPRESSION_METHOD {
+                CompressionMethod::PackBits => 1, // Each row must be packed separately. Do not compress across row boundaries
+                _ => (1_000_000 + row_bytes - 1) / row_bytes,
+            }
+        };
+
+        let strip_count = (u64::from(height) + rows_per_strip - 1) / rows_per_strip;
+
+        encoder.write_tag(Tag::ImageWidth, width)?;
+        encoder.write_tag(Tag::ImageLength, height)?;
+        encoder.write_tag(Tag::Compression, D::COMPRESSION_METHOD.to_u16())?;
+
+        encoder.write_tag(Tag::BitsPerSample, <T>::BITS_PER_SAMPLE)?;
+        let sample_format: Vec<_> = <T>::SAMPLE_FORMAT.iter().map(|s| s.to_u16()).collect();
+        encoder.write_tag(Tag::SampleFormat, &sample_format[..])?;
+        encoder.write_tag(Tag::PhotometricInterpretation, <T>::TIFF_VALUE.to_u16())?;
+
+        encoder.write_tag(Tag::RowsPerStrip, u32::try_from(rows_per_strip)?)?;
+
+        encoder.write_tag(
+            Tag::SamplesPerPixel,
+            u16::try_from(<T>::BITS_PER_SAMPLE.len())?,
+        )?;
+        encoder.write_tag(Tag::XResolution, Rational { n: 1, d: 1 })?;
+        encoder.write_tag(Tag::YResolution, Rational { n: 1, d: 1 })?;
+        encoder.write_tag(Tag::ResolutionUnit, ResolutionUnit::None.to_u16())?;
+
+        Ok(ImageEncoder {
+            encoder,
+            strip_count,
+            strip_idx: 0,
+            row_samples,
+            rows_per_strip,
+            width,
+            height,
+            strip_offsets: Vec::new(),
+            strip_byte_count: Vec::new(),
+            dropped: false,
+            compression: compression,
+            _phantom: ::std::marker::PhantomData,
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Number of samples the next strip should have.
+    pub fn next_strip_sample_count(&self) -> u64 {
+        if self.strip_idx >= self.strip_count {
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        let raw_start_row = self.strip_idx * self.rows_per_strip;
+        let start_row = cmp::min(u64::from(self.height), raw_start_row);
+        let end_row = cmp::min(u64::from(self.height), raw_start_row + self.rows_per_strip);
+
+        (end_row - start_row) * self.row_samples
+    }
+
+    /// Write a single strip.
+    pub fn write_strip(&mut self, value: &[T::Inner]) -> TiffResult<()>
+    where
+        [T::Inner]: TiffValue,
+    {
+        let samples = self.next_strip_sample_count();
+        if u64::try_from(value.len())? != samples {
+            return Err(io::Error::new(
+                io::ErrorKind::InvalidData,
+                "Slice is wrong size for strip",
+            )
+            .into());
+        }
+
+        // Write the (possible compressed) data to the encoder.
+        let offset = self.encoder.write_data(value)?;
+        let byte_count = self.encoder.last_written() as usize;
+
+        self.strip_offsets.push(K::convert_offset(offset)?);
+        self.strip_byte_count.push(byte_count.try_into()?);
+
+        self.strip_idx += 1;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Write strips from data
+    pub fn write_data(mut self, data: &[T::Inner]) -> TiffResult<()>
+    where
+        [T::Inner]: TiffValue,
+    {
+        let num_pix = usize::try_from(self.width)?
+            .checked_mul(usize::try_from(self.height)?)
+            .ok_or_else(|| {
+                io::Error::new(
+                    io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput,
+                    "Image width * height exceeds usize",
+                )
+            })?;
+        if data.len() < num_pix {
+            return Err(io::Error::new(
+                io::ErrorKind::InvalidData,
+                "Input data slice is undersized for provided dimensions",
+            )
+            .into());
+        }
+
+        self.encoder
+            .writer
+            .set_compression(self.compression.get_algorithm());
+
+        let mut idx = 0;
+        while self.next_strip_sample_count() > 0 {
+            let sample_count = usize::try_from(self.next_strip_sample_count())?;
+            self.write_strip(&data[idx..idx + sample_count])?;
+            idx += sample_count;
+        }
+
+        self.encoder.writer.reset_compression();
+        self.finish()?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Set image resolution
+    pub fn resolution(&mut self, unit: ResolutionUnit, value: Rational) {
+        self.encoder
+            .write_tag(Tag::ResolutionUnit, unit.to_u16())
+            .unwrap();
+        self.encoder
+            .write_tag(Tag::XResolution, value.clone())
+            .unwrap();
+        self.encoder.write_tag(Tag::YResolution, value).unwrap();
+    }
+
+    /// Set image resolution unit
+    pub fn resolution_unit(&mut self, unit: ResolutionUnit) {
+        self.encoder
+            .write_tag(Tag::ResolutionUnit, unit.to_u16())
+            .unwrap();
+    }
+
+    /// Set image x-resolution
+    pub fn x_resolution(&mut self, value: Rational) {
+        self.encoder.write_tag(Tag::XResolution, value).unwrap();
+    }
+
+    /// Set image y-resolution
+    pub fn y_resolution(&mut self, value: Rational) {
+        self.encoder.write_tag(Tag::YResolution, value).unwrap();
+    }
+
+    /// Set image number of lines per strip
+    ///
+    /// This function needs to be called before any calls to `write_data` or
+    /// `write_strip` and will return an error otherwise.
+    pub fn rows_per_strip(&mut self, value: u32) -> TiffResult<()> {
+        if self.strip_idx != 0 {
+            return Err(io::Error::new(
+                io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput,
+                "Cannot change strip size after data was written",
+            )
+            .into());
+        }
+        // Write tag as 32 bits
+        self.encoder.write_tag(Tag::RowsPerStrip, value)?;
+
+        let value: u64 = value as u64;
+        self.strip_count = (self.height as u64 + value - 1) / value;
+        self.rows_per_strip = value;
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn finish_internal(&mut self) -> TiffResult<()> {
+        self.encoder
+            .write_tag(Tag::StripOffsets, K::convert_slice(&self.strip_offsets))?;
+        self.encoder.write_tag(
+            Tag::StripByteCounts,
+            K::convert_slice(&self.strip_byte_count),
+        )?;
+        self.dropped = true;
+
+        self.encoder.finish_internal()
+    }
+
+    /// Get a reference of the underlying `DirectoryEncoder`
+    pub fn encoder(&mut self) -> &mut DirectoryEncoder<'a, W, K> {
+        &mut self.encoder
+    }
+
+    /// Write out image and ifd directory.
+    pub fn finish(mut self) -> TiffResult<()> {
+        self.finish_internal()
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a, W: Write + Seek, C: ColorType, K: TiffKind, D: Compression> Drop
+    for ImageEncoder<'a, W, C, K, D>
+{
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        if !self.dropped {
+            let _ = self.finish_internal();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+struct DirectoryEntry<S> {
+    data_type: u16,
+    count: S,
+    data: Vec<u8>,
+}
+
+/// Trait to abstract over Tiff/BigTiff differences.
+///
+/// Implemented for [`TiffKindStandard`] and [`TiffKindBig`].
+pub trait TiffKind {
+    /// The type of offset fields, `u32` for normal Tiff, `u64` for BigTiff.
+    type OffsetType: TryFrom<usize, Error = TryFromIntError> + Into<u64> + TiffValue;
+
+    /// Needed for the `convert_slice` method.
+    type OffsetArrayType: ?Sized + TiffValue;
+
+    /// Write the (Big)Tiff header.
+    fn write_header<W: Write>(writer: &mut TiffWriter<W>) -> TiffResult<()>;
+
+    /// Convert a file offset to `Self::OffsetType`.
+    ///
+    /// This returns an error for normal Tiff if the offset is larger than `u32::MAX`.
+    fn convert_offset(offset: u64) -> TiffResult<Self::OffsetType>;
+
+    /// Write an offset value to the given writer.
+    ///
+    /// Like `convert_offset`, this errors if `offset > u32::MAX` for normal Tiff.
+    fn write_offset<W: Write>(writer: &mut TiffWriter<W>, offset: u64) -> TiffResult<()>;
+
+    /// Write the IFD entry count field with the given `count` value.
+    ///
+    /// The entry count field is an `u16` for normal Tiff and `u64` for BigTiff. Errors
+    /// if the given `usize` is larger than the representable values.
+    fn write_entry_count<W: Write>(writer: &mut TiffWriter<W>, count: usize) -> TiffResult<()>;
+
+    /// Internal helper method for satisfying Rust's type checker.
+    ///
+    /// The `TiffValue` trait is implemented for both primitive values (e.g. `u8`, `u32`) and
+    /// slices of primitive values (e.g. `[u8]`, `[u32]`). However, this is not represented in
+    /// the type system, so there is no guarantee that that for all `T: TiffValue` there is also
+    /// an implementation of `TiffValue` for `[T]`. This method works around that problem by
+    /// providing a conversion from `[T]` to some value that implements `TiffValue`, thereby
+    /// making all slices of `OffsetType` usable with `write_tag` and similar methods.
+    ///
+    /// Implementations of this trait should always set `OffsetArrayType` to `[OffsetType]`.
+    fn convert_slice(slice: &[Self::OffsetType]) -> &Self::OffsetArrayType;
+}
+
+/// Create a standard Tiff file.
+pub struct TiffKindStandard;
+
+impl TiffKind for TiffKindStandard {
+    type OffsetType = u32;
+    type OffsetArrayType = [u32];
+
+    fn write_header<W: Write>(writer: &mut TiffWriter<W>) -> TiffResult<()> {
+        write_tiff_header(writer)?;
+        // blank the IFD offset location
+        writer.write_u32(0)?;
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn convert_offset(offset: u64) -> TiffResult<Self::OffsetType> {
+        Ok(Self::OffsetType::try_from(offset)?)
+    }
+
+    fn write_offset<W: Write>(writer: &mut TiffWriter<W>, offset: u64) -> TiffResult<()> {
+        writer.write_u32(u32::try_from(offset)?)?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn write_entry_count<W: Write>(writer: &mut TiffWriter<W>, count: usize) -> TiffResult<()> {
+        writer.write_u16(u16::try_from(count)?)?;
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn convert_slice(slice: &[Self::OffsetType]) -> &Self::OffsetArrayType {
+        slice
+    }
+}
+
+/// Create a BigTiff file.
+pub struct TiffKindBig;
+
+impl TiffKind for TiffKindBig {
+    type OffsetType = u64;
+    type OffsetArrayType = [u64];
+
+    fn write_header<W: Write>(writer: &mut TiffWriter<W>) -> TiffResult<()> {
+        write_bigtiff_header(writer)?;
+        // blank the IFD offset location
+        writer.write_u64(0)?;
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn convert_offset(offset: u64) -> TiffResult<Self::OffsetType> {
+        Ok(offset)
+    }
+
+    fn write_offset<W: Write>(writer: &mut TiffWriter<W>, offset: u64) -> TiffResult<()> {
+        writer.write_u64(offset)?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn write_entry_count<W: Write>(writer: &mut TiffWriter<W>, count: usize) -> TiffResult<()> {
+        writer.write_u64(u64::try_from(count)?)?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn convert_slice(slice: &[Self::OffsetType]) -> &Self::OffsetArrayType {
+        slice
+    }
+}

vendor/tiff/src/encoder/tiff_value.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,523 @@
+use std::{borrow::Cow, io::Write, slice::from_ref};
+
+use crate::{bytecast, tags::Type, TiffError, TiffFormatError, TiffResult};
+
+use super::writer::TiffWriter;
+
+/// Trait for types that can be encoded in a tiff file
+pub trait TiffValue {
+    const BYTE_LEN: u8;
+    const FIELD_TYPE: Type;
+    fn count(&self) -> usize;
+    fn bytes(&self) -> usize {
+        self.count() * usize::from(Self::BYTE_LEN)
+    }
+
+    /// Access this value as an contiguous sequence of bytes.
+    /// If their is no trivial representation, allocate it on the heap.
+    fn data(&self) -> Cow<[u8]>;
+
+    /// Write this value to a TiffWriter.
+    /// While the default implementation will work in all cases, it may require unnecessary allocations.
+    /// The written bytes of any custom implementation MUST be the same as yielded by `self.data()`.
+    fn write<W: Write>(&self, writer: &mut TiffWriter<W>) -> TiffResult<()> {
+        writer.write_bytes(&self.data())?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+impl TiffValue for [u8] {
+    const BYTE_LEN: u8 = 1;
+    const FIELD_TYPE: Type = Type::BYTE;
+
+    fn count(&self) -> usize {
+        self.len()
+    }
+
+    fn data(&self) -> Cow<[u8]> {
+        Cow::Borrowed(self)
+    }
+}
+
+impl TiffValue for [i8] {
+    const BYTE_LEN: u8 = 1;
+    const FIELD_TYPE: Type = Type::SBYTE;
+
+    fn count(&self) -> usize {
+        self.len()
+    }
+
+    fn data(&self) -> Cow<[u8]> {
+        Cow::Borrowed(bytecast::i8_as_ne_bytes(self))
+    }
+}
+
+impl TiffValue for [u16] {
+    const BYTE_LEN: u8 = 2;
+    const FIELD_TYPE: Type = Type::SHORT;
+
+    fn count(&self) -> usize {
+        self.len()
+    }
+
+    fn data(&self) -> Cow<[u8]> {
+        Cow::Borrowed(bytecast::u16_as_ne_bytes(self))
+    }
+}
+
+impl TiffValue for [i16] {
+    const BYTE_LEN: u8 = 2;
+    const FIELD_TYPE: Type = Type::SSHORT;
+
+    fn count(&self) -> usize {
+        self.len()
+    }
+
+    fn data(&self) -> Cow<[u8]> {
+        Cow::Borrowed(bytecast::i16_as_ne_bytes(self))
+    }
+}
+
+impl TiffValue for [u32] {
+    const BYTE_LEN: u8 = 4;
+    const FIELD_TYPE: Type = Type::LONG;
+
+    fn count(&self) -> usize {
+        self.len()
+    }
+
+    fn data(&self) -> Cow<[u8]> {
+        Cow::Borrowed(bytecast::u32_as_ne_bytes(self))
+    }
+}
+
+impl TiffValue for [i32] {
+    const BYTE_LEN: u8 = 4;
+    const FIELD_TYPE: Type = Type::SLONG;
+
+    fn count(&self) -> usize {
+        self.len()
+    }
+
+    fn data(&self) -> Cow<[u8]> {
+        Cow::Borrowed(bytecast::i32_as_ne_bytes(self))
+    }
+}
+
+impl TiffValue for [u64] {
+    const BYTE_LEN: u8 = 8;
+    const FIELD_TYPE: Type = Type::LONG8;
+
+    fn count(&self) -> usize {
+        self.len()
+    }
+
+    fn data(&self) -> Cow<[u8]> {
+        Cow::Borrowed(bytecast::u64_as_ne_bytes(self))
+    }
+}
+
+impl TiffValue for [i64] {
+    const BYTE_LEN: u8 = 8;
+    const FIELD_TYPE: Type = Type::SLONG8;
+
+    fn count(&self) -> usize {
+        self.len()
+    }
+
+    fn data(&self) -> Cow<[u8]> {
+        Cow::Borrowed(bytecast::i64_as_ne_bytes(self))
+    }
+}
+
+impl TiffValue for [f32] {
+    const BYTE_LEN: u8 = 4;
+    const FIELD_TYPE: Type = Type::FLOAT;
+
+    fn count(&self) -> usize {
+        self.len()
+    }
+
+    fn data(&self) -> Cow<[u8]> {
+        // We write using native endian so this should be safe
+        Cow::Borrowed(bytecast::f32_as_ne_bytes(self))
+    }
+}
+
+impl TiffValue for [f64] {
+    const BYTE_LEN: u8 = 8;
+    const FIELD_TYPE: Type = Type::DOUBLE;
+
+    fn count(&self) -> usize {
+        self.len()
+    }
+
+    fn data(&self) -> Cow<[u8]> {
+        // We write using native endian so this should be safe
+        Cow::Borrowed(bytecast::f64_as_ne_bytes(self))
+    }
+}
+
+impl TiffValue for u8 {
+    const BYTE_LEN: u8 = 1;
+    const FIELD_TYPE: Type = Type::BYTE;
+
+    fn count(&self) -> usize {
+        1
+    }
+
+    fn write<W: Write>(&self, writer: &mut TiffWriter<W>) -> TiffResult<()> {
+        writer.write_u8(*self)?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn data(&self) -> Cow<[u8]> {
+        Cow::Borrowed(from_ref(self))
+    }
+}
+
+impl TiffValue for i8 {
+    const BYTE_LEN: u8 = 1;
+    const FIELD_TYPE: Type = Type::SBYTE;
+
+    fn count(&self) -> usize {
+        1
+    }
+
+    fn write<W: Write>(&self, writer: &mut TiffWriter<W>) -> TiffResult<()> {
+        writer.write_i8(*self)?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn data(&self) -> Cow<[u8]> {
+        Cow::Borrowed(bytecast::i8_as_ne_bytes(from_ref(self)))
+    }
+}
+
+impl TiffValue for u16 {
+    const BYTE_LEN: u8 = 2;
+    const FIELD_TYPE: Type = Type::SHORT;
+
+    fn count(&self) -> usize {
+        1
+    }
+
+    fn write<W: Write>(&self, writer: &mut TiffWriter<W>) -> TiffResult<()> {
+        writer.write_u16(*self)?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn data(&self) -> Cow<[u8]> {
+        Cow::Borrowed(bytecast::u16_as_ne_bytes(from_ref(self)))
+    }
+}
+
+impl TiffValue for i16 {
+    const BYTE_LEN: u8 = 2;
+    const FIELD_TYPE: Type = Type::SSHORT;
+
+    fn count(&self) -> usize {
+        1
+    }
+
+    fn write<W: Write>(&self, writer: &mut TiffWriter<W>) -> TiffResult<()> {
+        writer.write_i16(*self)?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn data(&self) -> Cow<[u8]> {
+        Cow::Borrowed(bytecast::i16_as_ne_bytes(from_ref(self)))
+    }
+}
+
+impl TiffValue for u32 {
+    const BYTE_LEN: u8 = 4;
+    const FIELD_TYPE: Type = Type::LONG;
+
+    fn count(&self) -> usize {
+        1
+    }
+
+    fn write<W: Write>(&self, writer: &mut TiffWriter<W>) -> TiffResult<()> {
+        writer.write_u32(*self)?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn data(&self) -> Cow<[u8]> {
+        Cow::Borrowed(bytecast::u32_as_ne_bytes(from_ref(self)))
+    }
+}
+
+impl TiffValue for i32 {
+    const BYTE_LEN: u8 = 4;
+    const FIELD_TYPE: Type = Type::SLONG;
+
+    fn count(&self) -> usize {
+        1
+    }
+
+    fn write<W: Write>(&self, writer: &mut TiffWriter<W>) -> TiffResult<()> {
+        writer.write_i32(*self)?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn data(&self) -> Cow<[u8]> {
+        Cow::Borrowed(bytecast::i32_as_ne_bytes(from_ref(self)))
+    }
+}
+
+impl TiffValue for u64 {
+    const BYTE_LEN: u8 = 8;
+    const FIELD_TYPE: Type = Type::LONG8;
+
+    fn count(&self) -> usize {
+        1
+    }
+
+    fn write<W: Write>(&self, writer: &mut TiffWriter<W>) -> TiffResult<()> {
+        writer.write_u64(*self)?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn data(&self) -> Cow<[u8]> {
+        Cow::Borrowed(bytecast::u64_as_ne_bytes(from_ref(self)))
+    }
+}
+
+impl TiffValue for i64 {
+    const BYTE_LEN: u8 = 8;
+    const FIELD_TYPE: Type = Type::SLONG8;
+
+    fn count(&self) -> usize {
+        1
+    }
+
+    fn write<W: Write>(&self, writer: &mut TiffWriter<W>) -> TiffResult<()> {
+        writer.write_i64(*self)?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn data(&self) -> Cow<[u8]> {
+        Cow::Borrowed(bytecast::i64_as_ne_bytes(from_ref(self)))
+    }
+}
+
+impl TiffValue for f32 {
+    const BYTE_LEN: u8 = 4;
+    const FIELD_TYPE: Type = Type::FLOAT;
+
+    fn count(&self) -> usize {
+        1
+    }
+
+    fn write<W: Write>(&self, writer: &mut TiffWriter<W>) -> TiffResult<()> {
+        writer.write_f32(*self)?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn data(&self) -> Cow<[u8]> {
+        Cow::Borrowed(bytecast::f32_as_ne_bytes(from_ref(self)))
+    }
+}
+
+impl TiffValue for f64 {
+    const BYTE_LEN: u8 = 8;
+    const FIELD_TYPE: Type = Type::DOUBLE;
+
+    fn count(&self) -> usize {
+        1
+    }
+
+    fn write<W: Write>(&self, writer: &mut TiffWriter<W>) -> TiffResult<()> {
+        writer.write_f64(*self)?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn data(&self) -> Cow<[u8]> {
+        Cow::Borrowed(bytecast::f64_as_ne_bytes(from_ref(self)))
+    }
+}
+
+impl TiffValue for Ifd {
+    const BYTE_LEN: u8 = 4;
+    const FIELD_TYPE: Type = Type::IFD;
+
+    fn count(&self) -> usize {
+        1
+    }
+
+    fn write<W: Write>(&self, writer: &mut TiffWriter<W>) -> TiffResult<()> {
+        writer.write_u32(self.0)?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn data(&self) -> Cow<[u8]> {
+        Cow::Borrowed(bytecast::u32_as_ne_bytes(from_ref(&self.0)))
+    }
+}
+
+impl TiffValue for Ifd8 {
+    const BYTE_LEN: u8 = 8;
+    const FIELD_TYPE: Type = Type::IFD8;
+
+    fn count(&self) -> usize {
+        1
+    }
+
+    fn write<W: Write>(&self, writer: &mut TiffWriter<W>) -> TiffResult<()> {
+        writer.write_u64(self.0)?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn data(&self) -> Cow<[u8]> {
+        Cow::Borrowed(bytecast::u64_as_ne_bytes(from_ref(&self.0)))
+    }
+}
+
+impl TiffValue for Rational {
+    const BYTE_LEN: u8 = 8;
+    const FIELD_TYPE: Type = Type::RATIONAL;
+
+    fn count(&self) -> usize {
+        1
+    }
+
+    fn write<W: Write>(&self, writer: &mut TiffWriter<W>) -> TiffResult<()> {
+        writer.write_u32(self.n)?;
+        writer.write_u32(self.d)?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn data(&self) -> Cow<[u8]> {
+        Cow::Owned({
+            let first_dword = bytecast::u32_as_ne_bytes(from_ref(&self.n));
+            let second_dword = bytecast::u32_as_ne_bytes(from_ref(&self.d));
+            [first_dword, second_dword].concat()
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+impl TiffValue for SRational {
+    const BYTE_LEN: u8 = 8;
+    const FIELD_TYPE: Type = Type::SRATIONAL;
+
+    fn count(&self) -> usize {
+        1
+    }
+
+    fn write<W: Write>(&self, writer: &mut TiffWriter<W>) -> TiffResult<()> {
+        writer.write_i32(self.n)?;
+        writer.write_i32(self.d)?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn data(&self) -> Cow<[u8]> {
+        Cow::Owned({
+            let first_dword = bytecast::i32_as_ne_bytes(from_ref(&self.n));
+            let second_dword = bytecast::i32_as_ne_bytes(from_ref(&self.d));
+            [first_dword, second_dword].concat()
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+impl TiffValue for str {
+    const BYTE_LEN: u8 = 1;
+    const FIELD_TYPE: Type = Type::ASCII;
+
+    fn count(&self) -> usize {
+        self.len() + 1
+    }
+
+    fn write<W: Write>(&self, writer: &mut TiffWriter<W>) -> TiffResult<()> {
+        if self.is_ascii() && !self.bytes().any(|b| b == 0) {
+            writer.write_bytes(self.as_bytes())?;
+            writer.write_u8(0)?;
+            Ok(())
+        } else {
+            Err(TiffError::FormatError(TiffFormatError::InvalidTag))
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn data(&self) -> Cow<[u8]> {
+        Cow::Owned({
+            if self.is_ascii() && !self.bytes().any(|b| b == 0) {
+                let bytes: &[u8] = self.as_bytes();
+                [bytes, &[0]].concat()
+            } else {
+                vec![]
+            }
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a, T: TiffValue + ?Sized> TiffValue for &'a T {
+    const BYTE_LEN: u8 = T::BYTE_LEN;
+    const FIELD_TYPE: Type = T::FIELD_TYPE;
+
+    fn count(&self) -> usize {
+        (*self).count()
+    }
+
+    fn write<W: Write>(&self, writer: &mut TiffWriter<W>) -> TiffResult<()> {
+        (*self).write(writer)
+    }
+
+    fn data(&self) -> Cow<[u8]> {
+        T::data(self)
+    }
+}
+
+macro_rules! impl_tiff_value_for_contiguous_sequence {
+    ($inner_type:ty; $bytes:expr; $field_type:expr) => {
+        impl $crate::encoder::TiffValue for [$inner_type] {
+            const BYTE_LEN: u8 = $bytes;
+            const FIELD_TYPE: Type = $field_type;
+
+            fn count(&self) -> usize {
+                self.len()
+            }
+
+            fn write<W: Write>(&self, writer: &mut TiffWriter<W>) -> TiffResult<()> {
+                for x in self {
+                    x.write(writer)?;
+                }
+                Ok(())
+            }
+
+            fn data(&self) -> Cow<[u8]> {
+                let mut buf: Vec<u8> = Vec::with_capacity(Self::BYTE_LEN as usize * self.len());
+                for x in self {
+                    buf.extend_from_slice(&x.data());
+                }
+                Cow::Owned(buf)
+            }
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+impl_tiff_value_for_contiguous_sequence!(Ifd; 4; Type::IFD);
+impl_tiff_value_for_contiguous_sequence!(Ifd8; 8; Type::IFD8);
+impl_tiff_value_for_contiguous_sequence!(Rational; 8; Type::RATIONAL);
+impl_tiff_value_for_contiguous_sequence!(SRational; 8; Type::SRATIONAL);
+
+/// Type to represent tiff values of type `IFD`
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct Ifd(pub u32);
+
+/// Type to represent tiff values of type `IFD8`
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct Ifd8(pub u64);
+
+/// Type to represent tiff values of type `RATIONAL`
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct Rational {
+    pub n: u32,
+    pub d: u32,
+}
+
+/// Type to represent tiff values of type `SRATIONAL`
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct SRational {
+    pub n: i32,
+    pub d: i32,
+}

vendor/tiff/src/encoder/writer.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+use crate::encoder::compression::*;
+use crate::error::TiffResult;
+use std::io::{self, Seek, SeekFrom, Write};
+
+pub fn write_tiff_header<W: Write>(writer: &mut TiffWriter<W>) -> TiffResult<()> {
+    #[cfg(target_endian = "little")]
+    let boi: u8 = 0x49;
+    #[cfg(not(target_endian = "little"))]
+    let boi: u8 = 0x4d;
+
+    writer.writer.write_all(&[boi, boi])?;
+    writer.writer.write_all(&42u16.to_ne_bytes())?;
+    writer.offset += 4;
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Writes a BigTiff header, excluding the IFD offset field.
+///
+/// Writes the byte order, version number, offset byte size, and zero constant fields. Does
+// _not_ write the offset to the first IFD, this should be done by the caller.
+pub fn write_bigtiff_header<W: Write>(writer: &mut TiffWriter<W>) -> TiffResult<()> {
+    #[cfg(target_endian = "little")]
+    let boi: u8 = 0x49;
+    #[cfg(not(target_endian = "little"))]
+    let boi: u8 = 0x4d;
+
+    // byte order indication
+    writer.writer.write_all(&[boi, boi])?;
+    // version number
+    writer.writer.write_all(&43u16.to_ne_bytes())?;
+    // bytesize of offsets (pointer size)
+    writer.writer.write_all(&8u16.to_ne_bytes())?;
+    // always 0
+    writer.writer.write_all(&0u16.to_ne_bytes())?;
+
+    // we wrote 8 bytes, so set the internal offset accordingly
+    writer.offset += 8;
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+pub struct TiffWriter<W> {
+    writer: W,
+    offset: u64,
+    byte_count: u64,
+    compressor: Compressor,
+}
+
+impl<W: Write> TiffWriter<W> {
+    pub fn new(writer: W) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            writer,
+            offset: 0,
+            byte_count: 0,
+            compressor: Compressor::default(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_compression(&mut self, compressor: Compressor) {
+        self.compressor = compressor;
+    }
+
+    pub fn reset_compression(&mut self) {
+        self.compressor = Compressor::default();
+    }
+
+    pub fn offset(&self) -> u64 {
+        self.offset
+    }
+
+    pub fn last_written(&self) -> u64 {
+        self.byte_count
+    }
+
+    pub fn write_bytes(&mut self, bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<(), io::Error> {
+        self.byte_count = self.compressor.write_to(&mut self.writer, bytes)?;
+        self.offset += self.byte_count;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub fn write_u8(&mut self, n: u8) -> Result<(), io::Error> {
+        self.byte_count = self
+            .compressor
+            .write_to(&mut self.writer, &n.to_ne_bytes())?;
+        self.offset += self.byte_count;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub fn write_i8(&mut self, n: i8) -> Result<(), io::Error> {
+        self.byte_count = self
+            .compressor
+            .write_to(&mut self.writer, &n.to_ne_bytes())?;
+        self.offset += self.byte_count;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub fn write_u16(&mut self, n: u16) -> Result<(), io::Error> {
+        self.byte_count = self
+            .compressor
+            .write_to(&mut self.writer, &n.to_ne_bytes())?;
+        self.offset += self.byte_count;
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub fn write_i16(&mut self, n: i16) -> Result<(), io::Error> {
+        self.byte_count = self
+            .compressor
+            .write_to(&mut self.writer, &n.to_ne_bytes())?;
+        self.offset += self.byte_count;
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub fn write_u32(&mut self, n: u32) -> Result<(), io::Error> {
+        self.byte_count = self
+            .compressor
+            .write_to(&mut self.writer, &n.to_ne_bytes())?;
+        self.offset += self.byte_count;
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub fn write_i32(&mut self, n: i32) -> Result<(), io::Error> {
+        self.byte_count = self
+            .compressor
+            .write_to(&mut self.writer, &n.to_ne_bytes())?;
+        self.offset += self.byte_count;
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub fn write_u64(&mut self, n: u64) -> Result<(), io::Error> {
+        self.byte_count = self
+            .compressor
+            .write_to(&mut self.writer, &n.to_ne_bytes())?;
+        self.offset += self.byte_count;
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub fn write_i64(&mut self, n: i64) -> Result<(), io::Error> {
+        self.byte_count = self
+            .compressor
+            .write_to(&mut self.writer, &n.to_ne_bytes())?;
+        self.offset += self.byte_count;
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub fn write_f32(&mut self, n: f32) -> Result<(), io::Error> {
+        self.byte_count = self
+            .compressor
+            .write_to(&mut self.writer, &u32::to_ne_bytes(n.to_bits()))?;
+        self.offset += self.byte_count;
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub fn write_f64(&mut self, n: f64) -> Result<(), io::Error> {
+        self.byte_count = self
+            .compressor
+            .write_to(&mut self.writer, &u64::to_ne_bytes(n.to_bits()))?;
+        self.offset += self.byte_count;
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub fn pad_word_boundary(&mut self) -> Result<(), io::Error> {
+        if self.offset % 4 != 0 {
+            let padding = [0, 0, 0];
+            let padd_len = 4 - (self.offset % 4);
+            self.writer.write_all(&padding[..padd_len as usize])?;
+            self.offset += padd_len;
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+impl<W: Seek> TiffWriter<W> {
+    pub fn goto_offset(&mut self, offset: u64) -> Result<(), io::Error> {
+        self.offset = offset;
+        self.writer.seek(SeekFrom::Start(offset as u64))?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}

vendor/tiff/src/error.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,369 @@
+use std::error::Error;
+use std::fmt;
+use std::fmt::Display;
+use std::io;
+use std::str;
+use std::string;
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
+use jpeg::UnsupportedFeature;
+
+use crate::decoder::{ifd::Value, ChunkType};
+use crate::tags::{
+    CompressionMethod, PhotometricInterpretation, PlanarConfiguration, SampleFormat, Tag,
+};
+use crate::ColorType;
+
+use crate::weezl::LzwError;
+
+/// Tiff error kinds.
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub enum TiffError {
+    /// The Image is not formatted properly.
+    FormatError(TiffFormatError),
+
+    /// The Decoder does not support features required by the image.
+    UnsupportedError(TiffUnsupportedError),
+
+    /// An I/O Error occurred while decoding the image.
+    IoError(io::Error),
+
+    /// The Limits of the Decoder is exceeded.
+    LimitsExceeded,
+
+    /// An integer conversion to or from a platform size failed, either due to
+    /// limits of the platform size or limits of the format.
+    IntSizeError,
+
+    /// The image does not support the requested operation
+    UsageError(UsageError),
+}
+
+/// The image is not formatted properly.
+///
+/// This indicates that the encoder producing the image might behave incorrectly or that the input
+/// file has been corrupted.
+///
+/// The list of variants may grow to incorporate errors of future features. Matching against this
+/// exhaustively is not covered by interface stability guarantees.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
+#[non_exhaustive]
+pub enum TiffFormatError {
+    TiffSignatureNotFound,
+    TiffSignatureInvalid,
+    ImageFileDirectoryNotFound,
+    InconsistentSizesEncountered,
+    UnexpectedCompressedData {
+        actual_bytes: usize,
+        required_bytes: usize,
+    },
+    InconsistentStripSamples {
+        actual_samples: usize,
+        required_samples: usize,
+    },
+    InvalidDimensions(u32, u32),
+    InvalidTag,
+    InvalidTagValueType(Tag),
+    RequiredTagNotFound(Tag),
+    UnknownPredictor(u16),
+    ByteExpected(Value),
+    UnsignedIntegerExpected(Value),
+    SignedIntegerExpected(Value),
+    Format(String),
+    RequiredTagEmpty(Tag),
+    StripTileTagConflict,
+    CycleInOffsets,
+    JpegDecoder(JpegDecoderError),
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for TiffFormatError {
+    fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> Result<(), fmt::Error> {
+        use self::TiffFormatError::*;
+        match *self {
+            TiffSignatureNotFound => write!(fmt, "TIFF signature not found."),
+            TiffSignatureInvalid => write!(fmt, "TIFF signature invalid."),
+            ImageFileDirectoryNotFound => write!(fmt, "Image file directory not found."),
+            InconsistentSizesEncountered => write!(fmt, "Inconsistent sizes encountered."),
+            UnexpectedCompressedData {
+                actual_bytes,
+                required_bytes,
+            } => {
+                write!(
+                    fmt,
+                    "Decompression returned different amount of bytes than expected: got {}, expected {}.",
+                    actual_bytes, required_bytes
+                )
+            }
+            InconsistentStripSamples {
+                actual_samples,
+                required_samples,
+            } => {
+                write!(
+                    fmt,
+                    "Inconsistent elements in strip: got {}, expected {}.",
+                    actual_samples, required_samples
+                )
+            }
+            InvalidDimensions(width, height) => write!(fmt, "Invalid dimensions: {}x{}.", width, height),
+            InvalidTag => write!(fmt, "Image contains invalid tag."),
+            InvalidTagValueType(ref tag) => {
+                write!(fmt, "Tag `{:?}` did not have the expected value type.", tag)
+            }
+            RequiredTagNotFound(ref tag) => write!(fmt, "Required tag `{:?}` not found.", tag),
+            UnknownPredictor(ref predictor) => {
+                write!(fmt, "Unknown predictor “{}” encountered", predictor)
+            }
+            ByteExpected(ref val) => write!(fmt, "Expected byte, {:?} found.", val),
+            UnsignedIntegerExpected(ref val) => {
+                write!(fmt, "Expected unsigned integer, {:?} found.", val)
+            }
+            SignedIntegerExpected(ref val) => {
+                write!(fmt, "Expected signed integer, {:?} found.", val)
+            }
+            Format(ref val) => write!(fmt, "Invalid format: {:?}.", val),
+            RequiredTagEmpty(ref val) => write!(fmt, "Required tag {:?} was empty.", val),
+            StripTileTagConflict => write!(fmt, "File should contain either (StripByteCounts and StripOffsets) or (TileByteCounts and TileOffsets), other combination was found."),
+            CycleInOffsets => write!(fmt, "File contained a cycle in the list of IFDs"),
+            JpegDecoder(ref error) => write!(fmt, "{}",  error),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// The Decoder does not support features required by the image.
+///
+/// This only captures known failures for which the standard either does not require support or an
+/// implementation has been planned but not yet completed. Some variants may become unused over
+/// time and will then get deprecated before being removed.
+///
+/// The list of variants may grow. Matching against this exhaustively is not covered by interface
+/// stability guarantees.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
+#[non_exhaustive]
+pub enum TiffUnsupportedError {
+    FloatingPointPredictor(ColorType),
+    HorizontalPredictor(ColorType),
+    InterpretationWithBits(PhotometricInterpretation, Vec<u8>),
+    UnknownInterpretation,
+    UnknownCompressionMethod,
+    UnsupportedCompressionMethod(CompressionMethod),
+    UnsupportedSampleDepth(u8),
+    UnsupportedSampleFormat(Vec<SampleFormat>),
+    UnsupportedColorType(ColorType),
+    UnsupportedBitsPerChannel(u8),
+    UnsupportedPlanarConfig(Option<PlanarConfiguration>),
+    UnsupportedDataType,
+    UnsupportedInterpretation(PhotometricInterpretation),
+    UnsupportedJpegFeature(UnsupportedFeature),
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for TiffUnsupportedError {
+    fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> Result<(), fmt::Error> {
+        use self::TiffUnsupportedError::*;
+        match *self {
+            FloatingPointPredictor(color_type) => write!(
+                fmt,
+                "Floating point predictor for {:?} is unsupported.",
+                color_type
+            ),
+            HorizontalPredictor(color_type) => write!(
+                fmt,
+                "Horizontal predictor for {:?} is unsupported.",
+                color_type
+            ),
+            InterpretationWithBits(ref photometric_interpretation, ref bits_per_sample) => write!(
+                fmt,
+                "{:?} with {:?} bits per sample is unsupported",
+                photometric_interpretation, bits_per_sample
+            ),
+            UnknownInterpretation => write!(
+                fmt,
+                "The image is using an unknown photometric interpretation."
+            ),
+            UnknownCompressionMethod => write!(fmt, "Unknown compression method."),
+            UnsupportedCompressionMethod(method) => {
+                write!(fmt, "Compression method {:?} is unsupported", method)
+            }
+            UnsupportedSampleDepth(samples) => {
+                write!(fmt, "{} samples per pixel is unsupported.", samples)
+            }
+            UnsupportedSampleFormat(ref formats) => {
+                write!(fmt, "Sample format {:?} is unsupported.", formats)
+            }
+            UnsupportedColorType(color_type) => {
+                write!(fmt, "Color type {:?} is unsupported", color_type)
+            }
+            UnsupportedBitsPerChannel(bits) => {
+                write!(fmt, "{} bits per channel not supported", bits)
+            }
+            UnsupportedPlanarConfig(config) => {
+                write!(fmt, "Unsupported planar configuration “{:?}”.", config)
+            }
+            UnsupportedDataType => write!(fmt, "Unsupported data type."),
+            UnsupportedInterpretation(interpretation) => {
+                write!(
+                    fmt,
+                    "Unsupported photometric interpretation \"{:?}\".",
+                    interpretation
+                )
+            }
+            UnsupportedJpegFeature(ref unsupported_feature) => {
+                write!(fmt, "Unsupported JPEG feature {:?}", unsupported_feature)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// User attempted to use the Decoder in a way that is incompatible with a specific image.
+///
+/// For example: attempting to read a tile from a stripped image.
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub enum UsageError {
+    InvalidChunkType(ChunkType, ChunkType),
+    InvalidChunkIndex(u32),
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for UsageError {
+    fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        use self::UsageError::*;
+        match *self {
+            InvalidChunkType(expected, actual) => {
+                write!(
+                    fmt,
+                    "Requested operation is only valid for images with chunk encoding of type: {:?}, got {:?}.",
+                    expected, actual
+                )
+            }
+            InvalidChunkIndex(index) => write!(fmt, "Image chunk index ({}) requested.", index),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for TiffError {
+    fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> Result<(), fmt::Error> {
+        match *self {
+            TiffError::FormatError(ref e) => write!(fmt, "Format error: {}", e),
+            TiffError::UnsupportedError(ref f) => write!(
+                fmt,
+                "The Decoder does not support the \
+                 image format `{}`",
+                f
+            ),
+            TiffError::IoError(ref e) => e.fmt(fmt),
+            TiffError::LimitsExceeded => write!(fmt, "The Decoder limits are exceeded"),
+            TiffError::IntSizeError => write!(fmt, "Platform or format size limits exceeded"),
+            TiffError::UsageError(ref e) => write!(fmt, "Usage error: {}", e),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Error for TiffError {
+    fn description(&self) -> &str {
+        match *self {
+            TiffError::FormatError(..) => "Format error",
+            TiffError::UnsupportedError(..) => "Unsupported error",
+            TiffError::IoError(..) => "IO error",
+            TiffError::LimitsExceeded => "Decoder limits exceeded",
+            TiffError::IntSizeError => "Platform or format size limits exceeded",
+            TiffError::UsageError(..) => "Invalid usage",
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn cause(&self) -> Option<&dyn Error> {
+        match *self {
+            TiffError::IoError(ref e) => Some(e),
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<io::Error> for TiffError {
+    fn from(err: io::Error) -> TiffError {
+        TiffError::IoError(err)
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<str::Utf8Error> for TiffError {
+    fn from(_err: str::Utf8Error) -> TiffError {
+        TiffError::FormatError(TiffFormatError::InvalidTag)
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<string::FromUtf8Error> for TiffError {
+    fn from(_err: string::FromUtf8Error) -> TiffError {
+        TiffError::FormatError(TiffFormatError::InvalidTag)
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<TiffFormatError> for TiffError {
+    fn from(err: TiffFormatError) -> TiffError {
+        TiffError::FormatError(err)
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<TiffUnsupportedError> for TiffError {
+    fn from(err: TiffUnsupportedError) -> TiffError {
+        TiffError::UnsupportedError(err)
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<UsageError> for TiffError {
+    fn from(err: UsageError) -> TiffError {
+        TiffError::UsageError(err)
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<std::num::TryFromIntError> for TiffError {
+    fn from(_err: std::num::TryFromIntError) -> TiffError {
+        TiffError::IntSizeError
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<LzwError> for TiffError {
+    fn from(err: LzwError) -> TiffError {
+        match err {
+            LzwError::InvalidCode => TiffError::FormatError(TiffFormatError::Format(String::from(
+                "LZW compressed data corrupted",
+            ))),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct JpegDecoderError {
+    inner: Arc<jpeg::Error>,
+}
+
+impl JpegDecoderError {
+    fn new(error: jpeg::Error) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            inner: Arc::new(error),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl PartialEq for JpegDecoderError {
+    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
+        Arc::ptr_eq(&self.inner, &other.inner)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Display for JpegDecoderError {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        self.inner.fmt(f)
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<JpegDecoderError> for TiffError {
+    fn from(error: JpegDecoderError) -> Self {
+        TiffError::FormatError(TiffFormatError::JpegDecoder(error))
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<jpeg::Error> for TiffError {
+    fn from(error: jpeg::Error) -> Self {
+        JpegDecoderError::new(error).into()
+    }
+}
+
+/// Result of an image decoding/encoding process
+pub type TiffResult<T> = Result<T, TiffError>;

vendor/tiff/src/lib.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+//! Decoding and Encoding of TIFF Images
+//!
+//! TIFF (Tagged Image File Format) is a versatile image format that supports
+//! lossless and lossy compression.
+//!
+//! # Related Links
+//! * <https://web.archive.org/web/20210108073850/https://www.adobe.io/open/standards/TIFF.html> - The TIFF specification
+
+extern crate jpeg;
+extern crate weezl;
+
+mod bytecast;
+pub mod decoder;
+pub mod encoder;
+mod error;
+pub mod tags;
+
+pub use self::error::{TiffError, TiffFormatError, TiffResult, TiffUnsupportedError, UsageError};
+
+/// An enumeration over supported color types and their bit depths
+#[derive(Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Debug, Clone, Hash)]
+pub enum ColorType {
+    /// Pixel is grayscale
+    Gray(u8),
+
+    /// Pixel contains R, G and B channels
+    RGB(u8),
+
+    /// Pixel is an index into a color palette
+    Palette(u8),
+
+    /// Pixel is grayscale with an alpha channel
+    GrayA(u8),
+
+    /// Pixel is RGB with an alpha channel
+    RGBA(u8),
+
+    /// Pixel is CMYK
+    CMYK(u8),
+
+    /// Pixel is YCbCr
+    YCbCr(u8),
+}

vendor/tiff/src/tags.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,234 @@
+macro_rules! tags {
+    {
+        // Permit arbitrary meta items, which include documentation.
+        $( #[$enum_attr:meta] )*
+        $vis:vis enum $name:ident($ty:tt) $(unknown($unknown_doc:literal))* {
+            // Each of the `Name = Val,` permitting documentation.
+            $($(#[$ident_attr:meta])* $tag:ident = $val:expr,)*
+        }
+    } => {
+        $( #[$enum_attr] )*
+        #[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Debug, Hash)]
+        #[non_exhaustive]
+        pub enum $name {
+            $($(#[$ident_attr])* $tag,)*
+            $(
+                #[doc = $unknown_doc]
+                Unknown($ty),
+            )*
+        }
+
+        impl $name {
+            #[inline(always)]
+            fn __from_inner_type(n: $ty) -> Result<Self, $ty> {
+                match n {
+                    $( $val => Ok($name::$tag), )*
+                    n => Err(n),
+                }
+            }
+
+            #[inline(always)]
+            fn __to_inner_type(&self) -> $ty {
+                match *self {
+                    $( $name::$tag => $val, )*
+                    $( $name::Unknown(n) => { $unknown_doc; n }, )*
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        tags!($name, $ty, $($unknown_doc)*);
+    };
+    // For u16 tags, provide direct inherent primitive conversion methods.
+    ($name:tt, u16, $($unknown_doc:literal)*) => {
+        impl $name {
+            #[inline(always)]
+            pub fn from_u16(val: u16) -> Option<Self> {
+                Self::__from_inner_type(val).ok()
+            }
+
+            $(
+            #[inline(always)]
+            pub fn from_u16_exhaustive(val: u16) -> Self {
+                $unknown_doc;
+                Self::__from_inner_type(val).unwrap_or_else(|_| $name::Unknown(val))
+            }
+            )*
+
+            #[inline(always)]
+            pub fn to_u16(&self) -> u16 {
+                Self::__to_inner_type(self)
+            }
+        }
+    };
+    // For other tag types, do nothing for now. With concat_idents one could
+    // provide inherent conversion methods for all types.
+    ($name:tt, $ty:tt, $($unknown_doc:literal)*) => {};
+}
+
+// Note: These tags appear in the order they are mentioned in the TIFF reference
+tags! {
+/// TIFF tags
+pub enum Tag(u16) unknown("A private or extension tag") {
+    // Baseline tags:
+    Artist = 315,
+    // grayscale images PhotometricInterpretation 1 or 3
+    BitsPerSample = 258,
+    CellLength = 265, // TODO add support
+    CellWidth = 264, // TODO add support
+    // palette-color images (PhotometricInterpretation 3)
+    ColorMap = 320, // TODO add support
+    Compression = 259, // TODO add support for 2 and 32773
+    Copyright = 33_432,
+    DateTime = 306,
+    ExtraSamples = 338, // TODO add support
+    FillOrder = 266, // TODO add support
+    FreeByteCounts = 289, // TODO add support
+    FreeOffsets = 288, // TODO add support
+    GrayResponseCurve = 291, // TODO add support
+    GrayResponseUnit = 290, // TODO add support
+    HostComputer = 316,
+    ImageDescription = 270,
+    ImageLength = 257,
+    ImageWidth = 256,
+    Make = 271,
+    MaxSampleValue = 281, // TODO add support
+    MinSampleValue = 280, // TODO add support
+    Model = 272,
+    NewSubfileType = 254, // TODO add support
+    Orientation = 274, // TODO add support
+    PhotometricInterpretation = 262,
+    PlanarConfiguration = 284,
+    ResolutionUnit = 296, // TODO add support
+    RowsPerStrip = 278,
+    SamplesPerPixel = 277,
+    Software = 305,
+    StripByteCounts = 279,
+    StripOffsets = 273,
+    SubfileType = 255, // TODO add support
+    Threshholding = 263, // TODO add support
+    XResolution = 282,
+    YResolution = 283,
+    // Advanced tags
+    Predictor = 317,
+    TileWidth = 322,
+    TileLength = 323,
+    TileOffsets = 324,
+    TileByteCounts = 325,
+    // Data Sample Format
+    SampleFormat = 339,
+    SMinSampleValue = 340, // TODO add support
+    SMaxSampleValue = 341, // TODO add support
+    // JPEG
+    JPEGTables = 347,
+    // GeoTIFF
+    ModelPixelScaleTag = 33550, // (SoftDesk)
+    ModelTransformationTag = 34264, // (JPL Carto Group)
+    ModelTiepointTag = 33922, // (Intergraph)
+    GeoKeyDirectoryTag = 34735, // (SPOT)
+    GeoDoubleParamsTag = 34736, // (SPOT)
+    GeoAsciiParamsTag = 34737, // (SPOT)
+    GdalNodata = 42113, // Contains areas with missing data
+}
+}
+
+tags! {
+/// The type of an IFD entry (a 2 byte field).
+pub enum Type(u16) {
+    /// 8-bit unsigned integer
+    BYTE = 1,
+    /// 8-bit byte that contains a 7-bit ASCII code; the last byte must be zero
+    ASCII = 2,
+    /// 16-bit unsigned integer
+    SHORT = 3,
+    /// 32-bit unsigned integer
+    LONG = 4,
+    /// Fraction stored as two 32-bit unsigned integers
+    RATIONAL = 5,
+    /// 8-bit signed integer
+    SBYTE = 6,
+    /// 8-bit byte that may contain anything, depending on the field
+    UNDEFINED = 7,
+    /// 16-bit signed integer
+    SSHORT = 8,
+    /// 32-bit signed integer
+    SLONG = 9,
+    /// Fraction stored as two 32-bit signed integers
+    SRATIONAL = 10,
+    /// 32-bit IEEE floating point
+    FLOAT = 11,
+    /// 64-bit IEEE floating point
+    DOUBLE = 12,
+    /// 32-bit unsigned integer (offset)
+    IFD = 13,
+    /// BigTIFF 64-bit unsigned integer
+    LONG8 = 16,
+    /// BigTIFF 64-bit signed integer
+    SLONG8 = 17,
+    /// BigTIFF 64-bit unsigned integer (offset)
+    IFD8 = 18,
+}
+}
+
+tags! {
+/// See [TIFF compression tags](https://www.awaresystems.be/imaging/tiff/tifftags/compression.html)
+/// for reference.
+pub enum CompressionMethod(u16) {
+    None = 1,
+    Huffman = 2,
+    Fax3 = 3,
+    Fax4 = 4,
+    LZW = 5,
+    JPEG = 6,
+    // "Extended JPEG" or "new JPEG" style
+    ModernJPEG = 7,
+    Deflate = 8,
+    OldDeflate = 0x80B2,
+    PackBits = 0x8005,
+}
+}
+
+tags! {
+pub enum PhotometricInterpretation(u16) {
+    WhiteIsZero = 0,
+    BlackIsZero = 1,
+    RGB = 2,
+    RGBPalette = 3,
+    TransparencyMask = 4,
+    CMYK = 5,
+    YCbCr = 6,
+    CIELab = 8,
+}
+}
+
+tags! {
+pub enum PlanarConfiguration(u16) {
+    Chunky = 1,
+    Planar = 2,
+}
+}
+
+tags! {
+pub enum Predictor(u16) {
+    None = 1,
+    Horizontal = 2,
+    FloatingPoint = 3,
+}
+}
+
+tags! {
+/// Type to represent resolution units
+pub enum ResolutionUnit(u16) {
+    None = 1,
+    Inch = 2,
+    Centimeter = 3,
+}
+}
+
+tags! {
+pub enum SampleFormat(u16) unknown("An unknown extension sample format") {
+    Uint = 1,
+    Int = 2,
+    IEEEFP = 3,
+    Void = 4,
+}
+}