Add MSH geometry export and preview rendering tools
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- Implemented msh_export_obj.py for exporting NGI MSH geometry to Wavefront OBJ format, including model selection and geometry extraction.
- Added msh_preview_renderer.py for rendering NGI MSH models to binary PPM images, featuring a primitive software renderer with customizable parameters.
- Both tools utilize the same NRes parsing logic and provide command-line interfaces for listing models and exporting or rendering geometry.
This commit is contained in:
2026-02-10 23:27:43 +00:00
parent ba1789f106
commit 5035d02220
8 changed files with 3268 additions and 393 deletions

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@@ -105,3 +105,97 @@ python3 tools/init_testdata.py --input tmp/gamedata --output testdata --force
- если `--output` указывает на существующий файл, скрипт завершится с ошибкой;
- если `--output` расположен внутри `--input`, каталог вывода исключается из сканирования;
- если `stdin` неинтерактивный и требуется перезапись, нужно явно указать `--force`.
## `msh_doc_validator.py`
Скрипт валидирует ключевые инварианты из документации `/Users/valentineus/Developer/personal/fparkan/docs/specs/msh.md` на реальных данных.
Проверяемые группы:
- модели `*.msh` (вложенные `NRes` в архивах `NRes`);
- текстуры `Texm` (`type_id = 0x6D786554`);
- эффекты `FXID` (`type_id = 0x44495846`).
Что проверяет для моделей:
- обязательные ресурсы (`Res1/2/3/6/13`) и известные опциональные (`Res4/5/7/8/10/15/16/18/19`);
- `size/attr1/attr3` и шаги структур по таблицам;
- диапазоны индексов, батчей и ссылок между таблицами;
- разбор `Res10` как `len + bytes + NUL` для каждого узла;
- матрицу слотов в `Res1` (LOD/group) и границы по `Res2/Res7/Res13/Res19`.
Быстрый запуск:
```bash
python3 tools/msh_doc_validator.py scan --input testdata/nres
python3 tools/msh_doc_validator.py validate --input testdata/nres --print-limit 20
```
С отчётом в JSON:
```bash
python3 tools/msh_doc_validator.py validate \
--input testdata/nres \
--report tmp/msh_validation_report.json \
--fail-on-warnings
```
## `msh_preview_renderer.py`
Примитивный программный рендерер моделей `*.msh` без внешних зависимостей.
- вход: архив `NRes` (например `animals.rlb`) или прямой payload модели;
- выход: изображение `PPM` (`P6`);
- использует `Res3` (позиции), `Res6` (индексы), `Res13` (батчи), `Res1/Res2` (выбор слотов по `lod/group`).
Показать доступные модели в архиве:
```bash
python3 tools/msh_preview_renderer.py list-models --archive testdata/nres/animals.rlb
```
Сгенерировать тестовый рендер:
```bash
python3 tools/msh_preview_renderer.py render \
--archive testdata/nres/animals.rlb \
--model A_L_01.msh \
--output tmp/renders/A_L_01.ppm \
--width 800 \
--height 600 \
--lod 0 \
--group 0 \
--wireframe
```
Ограничения:
- инструмент предназначен для smoke-теста геометрии, а не для пиксельно-точного рендера движка;
- текстуры/материалы/эффектные проходы не эмулируются.
## `msh_export_obj.py`
Экспортирует геометрию `*.msh` в `Wavefront OBJ`, чтобы открыть модель в Blender/MeshLab.
- вход: `NRes` архив (например `animals.rlb`) или прямой payload модели;
- выбор геометрии: через `Res1` slot matrix (`lod/group`) как в рендерере;
- опция `--all-batches` экспортирует все батчи, игнорируя slot matrix.
Показать модели в архиве:
```bash
python3 tools/msh_export_obj.py list-models --archive testdata/nres/animals.rlb
```
Экспорт в OBJ:
```bash
python3 tools/msh_export_obj.py export \
--archive testdata/nres/animals.rlb \
--model A_L_01.msh \
--output tmp/renders/A_L_01.obj \
--lod 0 \
--group 0
```
Файл `OBJ` можно открыть напрямую в Blender (`File -> Import -> Wavefront (.obj)`).

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#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""
Export NGI MSH geometry to Wavefront OBJ.
The exporter is intended for inspection/debugging and uses the same
batch/slot selection logic as msh_preview_renderer.py.
"""
from __future__ import annotations
import argparse
import math
import struct
from pathlib import Path
from typing import Any
import archive_roundtrip_validator as arv
MAGIC_NRES = b"NRes"
def _entry_payload(blob: bytes, entry: dict[str, Any]) -> bytes:
start = int(entry["data_offset"])
end = start + int(entry["size"])
return blob[start:end]
def _parse_nres(blob: bytes, source: str) -> dict[str, Any]:
if blob[:4] != MAGIC_NRES:
raise RuntimeError(f"{source}: not an NRes payload")
return arv.parse_nres(blob, source=source)
def _by_type(entries: list[dict[str, Any]]) -> dict[int, list[dict[str, Any]]]:
out: dict[int, list[dict[str, Any]]] = {}
for row in entries:
out.setdefault(int(row["type_id"]), []).append(row)
return out
def _get_single(by_type: dict[int, list[dict[str, Any]]], type_id: int, label: str) -> dict[str, Any]:
rows = by_type.get(type_id, [])
if not rows:
raise RuntimeError(f"missing resource type {type_id} ({label})")
return rows[0]
def _pick_model_payload(archive_path: Path, model_name: str | None) -> tuple[bytes, str]:
root_blob = archive_path.read_bytes()
parsed = _parse_nres(root_blob, str(archive_path))
msh_entries = [row for row in parsed["entries"] if str(row["name"]).lower().endswith(".msh")]
if msh_entries:
chosen: dict[str, Any] | None = None
if model_name:
model_l = model_name.lower()
for row in msh_entries:
name_l = str(row["name"]).lower()
if name_l == model_l:
chosen = row
break
if chosen is None:
for row in msh_entries:
if str(row["name"]).lower().startswith(model_l):
chosen = row
break
else:
chosen = msh_entries[0]
if chosen is None:
names = ", ".join(str(row["name"]) for row in msh_entries[:12])
raise RuntimeError(
f"model '{model_name}' not found in {archive_path}. Available: {names}"
)
return _entry_payload(root_blob, chosen), str(chosen["name"])
by_type = _by_type(parsed["entries"])
if all(k in by_type for k in (1, 2, 3, 6, 13)):
return root_blob, archive_path.name
raise RuntimeError(
f"{archive_path} does not contain .msh entries and does not look like a direct model payload"
)
def _extract_geometry(
model_blob: bytes,
*,
lod: int,
group: int,
max_faces: int,
all_batches: bool,
) -> tuple[list[tuple[float, float, float]], list[tuple[int, int, int]], dict[str, int]]:
parsed = _parse_nres(model_blob, "<model>")
by_type = _by_type(parsed["entries"])
res1 = _get_single(by_type, 1, "Res1")
res2 = _get_single(by_type, 2, "Res2")
res3 = _get_single(by_type, 3, "Res3")
res6 = _get_single(by_type, 6, "Res6")
res13 = _get_single(by_type, 13, "Res13")
pos_blob = _entry_payload(model_blob, res3)
if len(pos_blob) % 12 != 0:
raise RuntimeError(f"Res3 size is not divisible by 12: {len(pos_blob)}")
vertex_count = len(pos_blob) // 12
positions = [struct.unpack_from("<3f", pos_blob, i * 12) for i in range(vertex_count)]
idx_blob = _entry_payload(model_blob, res6)
if len(idx_blob) % 2 != 0:
raise RuntimeError(f"Res6 size is not divisible by 2: {len(idx_blob)}")
index_count = len(idx_blob) // 2
indices = list(struct.unpack_from(f"<{index_count}H", idx_blob, 0))
batch_blob = _entry_payload(model_blob, res13)
if len(batch_blob) % 20 != 0:
raise RuntimeError(f"Res13 size is not divisible by 20: {len(batch_blob)}")
batch_count = len(batch_blob) // 20
batches: list[tuple[int, int, int, int]] = []
for i in range(batch_count):
off = i * 20
idx_count = struct.unpack_from("<H", batch_blob, off + 8)[0]
idx_start = struct.unpack_from("<I", batch_blob, off + 10)[0]
base_vertex = struct.unpack_from("<I", batch_blob, off + 16)[0]
batches.append((idx_count, idx_start, base_vertex, i))
res2_blob = _entry_payload(model_blob, res2)
if len(res2_blob) < 0x8C:
raise RuntimeError("Res2 is too small (< 0x8C)")
slot_blob = res2_blob[0x8C:]
if len(slot_blob) % 68 != 0:
raise RuntimeError(f"Res2 slot area is not divisible by 68: {len(slot_blob)}")
slot_count = len(slot_blob) // 68
slots: list[tuple[int, int, int, int]] = []
for i in range(slot_count):
off = i * 68
tri_start, tri_count, batch_start, slot_batch_count = struct.unpack_from("<4H", slot_blob, off)
slots.append((tri_start, tri_count, batch_start, slot_batch_count))
res1_blob = _entry_payload(model_blob, res1)
node_stride = int(res1["attr3"])
node_count = int(res1["attr1"])
node_slot_indices: list[int] = []
if not all_batches and node_stride >= 38 and len(res1_blob) >= node_count * node_stride:
if lod < 0 or lod > 2:
raise RuntimeError(f"lod must be 0..2 (got {lod})")
if group < 0 or group > 4:
raise RuntimeError(f"group must be 0..4 (got {group})")
matrix_index = lod * 5 + group
for n in range(node_count):
off = n * node_stride + 8 + matrix_index * 2
slot_idx = struct.unpack_from("<H", res1_blob, off)[0]
if slot_idx == 0xFFFF:
continue
if slot_idx >= slot_count:
continue
node_slot_indices.append(slot_idx)
faces: list[tuple[int, int, int]] = []
used_batches = 0
used_slots = 0
def append_batch(batch_idx: int) -> None:
nonlocal used_batches
if batch_idx < 0 or batch_idx >= len(batches):
return
idx_count, idx_start, base_vertex, _ = batches[batch_idx]
if idx_count < 3:
return
end = idx_start + idx_count
if end > len(indices):
return
used_batches += 1
tri_count = idx_count // 3
for t in range(tri_count):
i0 = indices[idx_start + t * 3 + 0] + base_vertex
i1 = indices[idx_start + t * 3 + 1] + base_vertex
i2 = indices[idx_start + t * 3 + 2] + base_vertex
if i0 >= vertex_count or i1 >= vertex_count or i2 >= vertex_count:
continue
faces.append((i0, i1, i2))
if len(faces) >= max_faces:
return
if node_slot_indices:
for slot_idx in node_slot_indices:
if len(faces) >= max_faces:
break
_tri_start, _tri_count, batch_start, slot_batch_count = slots[slot_idx]
used_slots += 1
for bi in range(batch_start, batch_start + slot_batch_count):
append_batch(bi)
if len(faces) >= max_faces:
break
else:
for bi in range(batch_count):
append_batch(bi)
if len(faces) >= max_faces:
break
if not faces:
raise RuntimeError("no faces selected for export")
meta = {
"vertex_count": vertex_count,
"index_count": index_count,
"batch_count": batch_count,
"slot_count": slot_count,
"node_count": node_count,
"used_slots": used_slots,
"used_batches": used_batches,
"face_count": len(faces),
}
return positions, faces, meta
def _compute_vertex_normals(
positions: list[tuple[float, float, float]],
faces: list[tuple[int, int, int]],
) -> list[tuple[float, float, float]]:
acc = [[0.0, 0.0, 0.0] for _ in positions]
for i0, i1, i2 in faces:
p0 = positions[i0]
p1 = positions[i1]
p2 = positions[i2]
ux = p1[0] - p0[0]
uy = p1[1] - p0[1]
uz = p1[2] - p0[2]
vx = p2[0] - p0[0]
vy = p2[1] - p0[1]
vz = p2[2] - p0[2]
nx = uy * vz - uz * vy
ny = uz * vx - ux * vz
nz = ux * vy - uy * vx
acc[i0][0] += nx
acc[i0][1] += ny
acc[i0][2] += nz
acc[i1][0] += nx
acc[i1][1] += ny
acc[i1][2] += nz
acc[i2][0] += nx
acc[i2][1] += ny
acc[i2][2] += nz
normals: list[tuple[float, float, float]] = []
for nx, ny, nz in acc:
ln = math.sqrt(nx * nx + ny * ny + nz * nz)
if ln <= 1e-12:
normals.append((0.0, 1.0, 0.0))
else:
normals.append((nx / ln, ny / ln, nz / ln))
return normals
def _write_obj(
output_path: Path,
object_name: str,
positions: list[tuple[float, float, float]],
faces: list[tuple[int, int, int]],
) -> None:
output_path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
normals = _compute_vertex_normals(positions, faces)
with output_path.open("w", encoding="utf-8", newline="\n") as out:
out.write("# Exported by msh_export_obj.py\n")
out.write(f"o {object_name}\n")
for x, y, z in positions:
out.write(f"v {x:.9g} {y:.9g} {z:.9g}\n")
for nx, ny, nz in normals:
out.write(f"vn {nx:.9g} {ny:.9g} {nz:.9g}\n")
for i0, i1, i2 in faces:
a = i0 + 1
b = i1 + 1
c = i2 + 1
out.write(f"f {a}//{a} {b}//{b} {c}//{c}\n")
def cmd_list_models(args: argparse.Namespace) -> int:
archive_path = Path(args.archive).resolve()
blob = archive_path.read_bytes()
parsed = _parse_nres(blob, str(archive_path))
rows = [row for row in parsed["entries"] if str(row["name"]).lower().endswith(".msh")]
print(f"Archive: {archive_path}")
print(f"MSH entries: {len(rows)}")
for row in rows:
print(f"- {row['name']}")
return 0
def cmd_export(args: argparse.Namespace) -> int:
archive_path = Path(args.archive).resolve()
output_path = Path(args.output).resolve()
model_blob, model_label = _pick_model_payload(archive_path, args.model)
positions, faces, meta = _extract_geometry(
model_blob,
lod=int(args.lod),
group=int(args.group),
max_faces=int(args.max_faces),
all_batches=bool(args.all_batches),
)
obj_name = Path(model_label).stem or "msh_model"
_write_obj(output_path, obj_name, positions, faces)
print(f"Exported model : {model_label}")
print(f"Output OBJ : {output_path}")
print(f"Object name : {obj_name}")
print(
"Geometry : "
f"vertices={meta['vertex_count']}, faces={meta['face_count']}, "
f"batches={meta['used_batches']}/{meta['batch_count']}, slots={meta['used_slots']}/{meta['slot_count']}"
)
print(
"Mode : "
f"lod={args.lod}, group={args.group}, all_batches={bool(args.all_batches)}"
)
return 0
def build_parser() -> argparse.ArgumentParser:
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
description="Export NGI MSH geometry to Wavefront OBJ."
)
sub = parser.add_subparsers(dest="command", required=True)
list_models = sub.add_parser("list-models", help="List .msh entries in an NRes archive.")
list_models.add_argument("--archive", required=True, help="Path to archive (e.g. animals.rlb).")
list_models.set_defaults(func=cmd_list_models)
export = sub.add_parser("export", help="Export one model to OBJ.")
export.add_argument("--archive", required=True, help="Path to NRes archive or direct model payload.")
export.add_argument(
"--model",
help="Model entry name (*.msh) inside archive. If omitted, first .msh is used.",
)
export.add_argument("--output", required=True, help="Output .obj path.")
export.add_argument("--lod", type=int, default=0, help="LOD index 0..2 (default: 0).")
export.add_argument("--group", type=int, default=0, help="Group index 0..4 (default: 0).")
export.add_argument("--max-faces", type=int, default=120000, help="Face limit (default: 120000).")
export.add_argument(
"--all-batches",
action="store_true",
help="Ignore slot matrix selection and export all batches.",
)
export.set_defaults(func=cmd_export)
return parser
def main() -> int:
parser = build_parser()
args = parser.parse_args()
return int(args.func(args))
if __name__ == "__main__":
raise SystemExit(main())

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#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""
Primitive software renderer for NGI MSH models.
Output format: binary PPM (P6), no external dependencies.
"""
from __future__ import annotations
import argparse
import math
import struct
from pathlib import Path
from typing import Any
import archive_roundtrip_validator as arv
MAGIC_NRES = b"NRes"
def _entry_payload(blob: bytes, entry: dict[str, Any]) -> bytes:
start = int(entry["data_offset"])
end = start + int(entry["size"])
return blob[start:end]
def _parse_nres(blob: bytes, source: str) -> dict[str, Any]:
if blob[:4] != MAGIC_NRES:
raise RuntimeError(f"{source}: not an NRes payload")
return arv.parse_nres(blob, source=source)
def _by_type(entries: list[dict[str, Any]]) -> dict[int, list[dict[str, Any]]]:
out: dict[int, list[dict[str, Any]]] = {}
for row in entries:
out.setdefault(int(row["type_id"]), []).append(row)
return out
def _pick_model_payload(archive_path: Path, model_name: str | None) -> tuple[bytes, str]:
root_blob = archive_path.read_bytes()
parsed = _parse_nres(root_blob, str(archive_path))
msh_entries = [row for row in parsed["entries"] if str(row["name"]).lower().endswith(".msh")]
if msh_entries:
chosen: dict[str, Any] | None = None
if model_name:
model_l = model_name.lower()
for row in msh_entries:
name_l = str(row["name"]).lower()
if name_l == model_l:
chosen = row
break
if chosen is None:
for row in msh_entries:
if str(row["name"]).lower().startswith(model_l):
chosen = row
break
else:
chosen = msh_entries[0]
if chosen is None:
names = ", ".join(str(row["name"]) for row in msh_entries[:12])
raise RuntimeError(
f"model '{model_name}' not found in {archive_path}. Available: {names}"
)
return _entry_payload(root_blob, chosen), str(chosen["name"])
# Fallback: treat file itself as a model NRes payload.
by_type = _by_type(parsed["entries"])
if all(k in by_type for k in (1, 2, 3, 6, 13)):
return root_blob, archive_path.name
raise RuntimeError(
f"{archive_path} does not contain .msh entries and does not look like a direct model payload"
)
def _get_single(by_type: dict[int, list[dict[str, Any]]], type_id: int, label: str) -> dict[str, Any]:
rows = by_type.get(type_id, [])
if not rows:
raise RuntimeError(f"missing resource type {type_id} ({label})")
return rows[0]
def _extract_geometry(
model_blob: bytes,
*,
lod: int,
group: int,
max_faces: int,
) -> tuple[list[tuple[float, float, float]], list[tuple[int, int, int]], dict[str, int]]:
parsed = _parse_nres(model_blob, "<model>")
by_type = _by_type(parsed["entries"])
res1 = _get_single(by_type, 1, "Res1")
res2 = _get_single(by_type, 2, "Res2")
res3 = _get_single(by_type, 3, "Res3")
res6 = _get_single(by_type, 6, "Res6")
res13 = _get_single(by_type, 13, "Res13")
# Positions
pos_blob = _entry_payload(model_blob, res3)
if len(pos_blob) % 12 != 0:
raise RuntimeError(f"Res3 size is not divisible by 12: {len(pos_blob)}")
vertex_count = len(pos_blob) // 12
positions = [struct.unpack_from("<3f", pos_blob, i * 12) for i in range(vertex_count)]
# Indices
idx_blob = _entry_payload(model_blob, res6)
if len(idx_blob) % 2 != 0:
raise RuntimeError(f"Res6 size is not divisible by 2: {len(idx_blob)}")
index_count = len(idx_blob) // 2
indices = list(struct.unpack_from(f"<{index_count}H", idx_blob, 0))
# Batches
batch_blob = _entry_payload(model_blob, res13)
if len(batch_blob) % 20 != 0:
raise RuntimeError(f"Res13 size is not divisible by 20: {len(batch_blob)}")
batch_count = len(batch_blob) // 20
batches: list[tuple[int, int, int, int]] = []
for i in range(batch_count):
off = i * 20
# Keep only fields used by renderer:
# indexCount, indexStart, baseVertex
idx_count = struct.unpack_from("<H", batch_blob, off + 8)[0]
idx_start = struct.unpack_from("<I", batch_blob, off + 10)[0]
base_vertex = struct.unpack_from("<I", batch_blob, off + 16)[0]
batches.append((idx_count, idx_start, base_vertex, i))
# Slots
res2_blob = _entry_payload(model_blob, res2)
if len(res2_blob) < 0x8C:
raise RuntimeError("Res2 is too small (< 0x8C)")
slot_blob = res2_blob[0x8C:]
if len(slot_blob) % 68 != 0:
raise RuntimeError(f"Res2 slot area is not divisible by 68: {len(slot_blob)}")
slot_count = len(slot_blob) // 68
slots: list[tuple[int, int, int, int]] = []
for i in range(slot_count):
off = i * 68
tri_start, tri_count, batch_start, slot_batch_count = struct.unpack_from("<4H", slot_blob, off)
slots.append((tri_start, tri_count, batch_start, slot_batch_count))
# Nodes / slot matrix
res1_blob = _entry_payload(model_blob, res1)
node_stride = int(res1["attr3"])
node_count = int(res1["attr1"])
node_slot_indices: list[int] = []
if node_stride >= 38 and len(res1_blob) >= node_count * node_stride:
if lod < 0 or lod > 2:
raise RuntimeError(f"lod must be 0..2 (got {lod})")
if group < 0 or group > 4:
raise RuntimeError(f"group must be 0..4 (got {group})")
matrix_index = lod * 5 + group
for n in range(node_count):
off = n * node_stride + 8 + matrix_index * 2
slot_idx = struct.unpack_from("<H", res1_blob, off)[0]
if slot_idx == 0xFFFF:
continue
if slot_idx >= slot_count:
continue
node_slot_indices.append(slot_idx)
# Build triangle list.
faces: list[tuple[int, int, int]] = []
used_batches = 0
used_slots = 0
def append_batch(batch_idx: int) -> None:
nonlocal used_batches
if batch_idx < 0 or batch_idx >= len(batches):
return
idx_count, idx_start, base_vertex, _ = batches[batch_idx]
if idx_count < 3:
return
end = idx_start + idx_count
if end > len(indices):
return
used_batches += 1
tri_count = idx_count // 3
for t in range(tri_count):
i0 = indices[idx_start + t * 3 + 0] + base_vertex
i1 = indices[idx_start + t * 3 + 1] + base_vertex
i2 = indices[idx_start + t * 3 + 2] + base_vertex
if i0 >= vertex_count or i1 >= vertex_count or i2 >= vertex_count:
continue
faces.append((i0, i1, i2))
if len(faces) >= max_faces:
return
if node_slot_indices:
for slot_idx in node_slot_indices:
if len(faces) >= max_faces:
break
_tri_start, _tri_count, batch_start, slot_batch_count = slots[slot_idx]
used_slots += 1
for bi in range(batch_start, batch_start + slot_batch_count):
append_batch(bi)
if len(faces) >= max_faces:
break
else:
# Fallback if slot matrix is unavailable: draw all batches.
for bi in range(batch_count):
append_batch(bi)
if len(faces) >= max_faces:
break
meta = {
"vertex_count": vertex_count,
"index_count": index_count,
"batch_count": batch_count,
"slot_count": slot_count,
"node_count": node_count,
"used_slots": used_slots,
"used_batches": used_batches,
"face_count": len(faces),
}
if not faces:
raise RuntimeError("no faces selected for rendering")
return positions, faces, meta
def _write_ppm(path: Path, width: int, height: int, rgb: bytearray) -> None:
path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
with path.open("wb") as handle:
handle.write(f"P6\n{width} {height}\n255\n".encode("ascii"))
handle.write(rgb)
def _render_software(
positions: list[tuple[float, float, float]],
faces: list[tuple[int, int, int]],
*,
width: int,
height: int,
yaw_deg: float,
pitch_deg: float,
wireframe: bool,
) -> bytearray:
xs = [p[0] for p in positions]
ys = [p[1] for p in positions]
zs = [p[2] for p in positions]
cx = (min(xs) + max(xs)) * 0.5
cy = (min(ys) + max(ys)) * 0.5
cz = (min(zs) + max(zs)) * 0.5
span = max(max(xs) - min(xs), max(ys) - min(ys), max(zs) - min(zs))
radius = max(span * 0.5, 1e-3)
yaw = math.radians(yaw_deg)
pitch = math.radians(pitch_deg)
cyaw = math.cos(yaw)
syaw = math.sin(yaw)
cpitch = math.cos(pitch)
spitch = math.sin(pitch)
camera_dist = radius * 3.2
scale = min(width, height) * 0.95
# Transform all vertices once.
vx: list[float] = []
vy: list[float] = []
vz: list[float] = []
sx: list[float] = []
sy: list[float] = []
for x, y, z in positions:
x0 = x - cx
y0 = y - cy
z0 = z - cz
x1 = cyaw * x0 + syaw * z0
z1 = -syaw * x0 + cyaw * z0
y2 = cpitch * y0 - spitch * z1
z2 = spitch * y0 + cpitch * z1 + camera_dist
if z2 < 1e-3:
z2 = 1e-3
vx.append(x1)
vy.append(y2)
vz.append(z2)
sx.append(width * 0.5 + (x1 / z2) * scale)
sy.append(height * 0.5 - (y2 / z2) * scale)
rgb = bytearray([16, 18, 24] * (width * height))
zbuf = [float("inf")] * (width * height)
light_dir = (0.35, 0.45, 1.0)
l_len = math.sqrt(light_dir[0] ** 2 + light_dir[1] ** 2 + light_dir[2] ** 2)
light = (light_dir[0] / l_len, light_dir[1] / l_len, light_dir[2] / l_len)
def edge(ax: float, ay: float, bx: float, by: float, px: float, py: float) -> float:
return (px - ax) * (by - ay) - (py - ay) * (bx - ax)
for i0, i1, i2 in faces:
x0 = sx[i0]
y0 = sy[i0]
x1 = sx[i1]
y1 = sy[i1]
x2 = sx[i2]
y2 = sy[i2]
area = edge(x0, y0, x1, y1, x2, y2)
if area == 0.0:
continue
# Shading from camera-space normal.
ux = vx[i1] - vx[i0]
uy = vy[i1] - vy[i0]
uz = vz[i1] - vz[i0]
wx = vx[i2] - vx[i0]
wy = vy[i2] - vy[i0]
wz = vz[i2] - vz[i0]
nx = uy * wz - uz * wy
ny = uz * wx - ux * wz
nz = ux * wy - uy * wx
n_len = math.sqrt(nx * nx + ny * ny + nz * nz)
if n_len > 0.0:
nx /= n_len
ny /= n_len
nz /= n_len
intensity = nx * light[0] + ny * light[1] + nz * light[2]
if intensity < 0.0:
intensity = 0.0
shade = int(45 + 200 * intensity)
color = (shade, shade, min(255, shade + 18))
minx = int(max(0, math.floor(min(x0, x1, x2))))
maxx = int(min(width - 1, math.ceil(max(x0, x1, x2))))
miny = int(max(0, math.floor(min(y0, y1, y2))))
maxy = int(min(height - 1, math.ceil(max(y0, y1, y2))))
if minx > maxx or miny > maxy:
continue
z0 = vz[i0]
z1 = vz[i1]
z2 = vz[i2]
for py in range(miny, maxy + 1):
fy = py + 0.5
row = py * width
for px in range(minx, maxx + 1):
fx = px + 0.5
w0 = edge(x1, y1, x2, y2, fx, fy)
w1 = edge(x2, y2, x0, y0, fx, fy)
w2 = edge(x0, y0, x1, y1, fx, fy)
if area > 0:
if w0 < 0 or w1 < 0 or w2 < 0:
continue
else:
if w0 > 0 or w1 > 0 or w2 > 0:
continue
inv_area = 1.0 / area
bz0 = w0 * inv_area
bz1 = w1 * inv_area
bz2 = w2 * inv_area
depth = bz0 * z0 + bz1 * z1 + bz2 * z2
idx = row + px
if depth >= zbuf[idx]:
continue
zbuf[idx] = depth
p = idx * 3
rgb[p + 0] = color[0]
rgb[p + 1] = color[1]
rgb[p + 2] = color[2]
if wireframe:
def draw_line(xa: float, ya: float, xb: float, yb: float) -> None:
x0i = int(round(xa))
y0i = int(round(ya))
x1i = int(round(xb))
y1i = int(round(yb))
dx = abs(x1i - x0i)
sx_step = 1 if x0i < x1i else -1
dy = -abs(y1i - y0i)
sy_step = 1 if y0i < y1i else -1
err = dx + dy
x = x0i
y = y0i
while True:
if 0 <= x < width and 0 <= y < height:
p = (y * width + x) * 3
rgb[p + 0] = 240
rgb[p + 1] = 245
rgb[p + 2] = 255
if x == x1i and y == y1i:
break
e2 = 2 * err
if e2 >= dy:
err += dy
x += sx_step
if e2 <= dx:
err += dx
y += sy_step
for i0, i1, i2 in faces:
draw_line(sx[i0], sy[i0], sx[i1], sy[i1])
draw_line(sx[i1], sy[i1], sx[i2], sy[i2])
draw_line(sx[i2], sy[i2], sx[i0], sy[i0])
return rgb
def cmd_list_models(args: argparse.Namespace) -> int:
archive_path = Path(args.archive).resolve()
blob = archive_path.read_bytes()
parsed = _parse_nres(blob, str(archive_path))
rows = [row for row in parsed["entries"] if str(row["name"]).lower().endswith(".msh")]
print(f"Archive: {archive_path}")
print(f"MSH entries: {len(rows)}")
for row in rows:
print(f"- {row['name']}")
return 0
def cmd_render(args: argparse.Namespace) -> int:
archive_path = Path(args.archive).resolve()
output_path = Path(args.output).resolve()
model_blob, model_label = _pick_model_payload(archive_path, args.model)
positions, faces, meta = _extract_geometry(
model_blob,
lod=int(args.lod),
group=int(args.group),
max_faces=int(args.max_faces),
)
rgb = _render_software(
positions,
faces,
width=int(args.width),
height=int(args.height),
yaw_deg=float(args.yaw),
pitch_deg=float(args.pitch),
wireframe=bool(args.wireframe),
)
_write_ppm(output_path, int(args.width), int(args.height), rgb)
print(f"Rendered model: {model_label}")
print(f"Output : {output_path}")
print(
"Geometry : "
f"vertices={meta['vertex_count']}, faces={meta['face_count']}, "
f"batches={meta['used_batches']}/{meta['batch_count']}, slots={meta['used_slots']}/{meta['slot_count']}"
)
print(f"Mode : lod={args.lod}, group={args.group}, wireframe={bool(args.wireframe)}")
return 0
def build_parser() -> argparse.ArgumentParser:
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
description="Primitive NGI MSH renderer (software, dependency-free)."
)
sub = parser.add_subparsers(dest="command", required=True)
list_models = sub.add_parser("list-models", help="List .msh entries in an NRes archive.")
list_models.add_argument("--archive", required=True, help="Path to archive (e.g. animals.rlb).")
list_models.set_defaults(func=cmd_list_models)
render = sub.add_parser("render", help="Render one model to PPM image.")
render.add_argument("--archive", required=True, help="Path to NRes archive or direct model payload.")
render.add_argument(
"--model",
help="Model entry name (*.msh) inside archive. If omitted, first .msh is used.",
)
render.add_argument("--output", required=True, help="Output .ppm file path.")
render.add_argument("--lod", type=int, default=0, help="LOD index 0..2 (default: 0).")
render.add_argument("--group", type=int, default=0, help="Group index 0..4 (default: 0).")
render.add_argument("--max-faces", type=int, default=120000, help="Face limit (default: 120000).")
render.add_argument("--width", type=int, default=1280, help="Image width (default: 1280).")
render.add_argument("--height", type=int, default=720, help="Image height (default: 720).")
render.add_argument("--yaw", type=float, default=35.0, help="Yaw angle in degrees (default: 35).")
render.add_argument("--pitch", type=float, default=18.0, help="Pitch angle in degrees (default: 18).")
render.add_argument("--wireframe", action="store_true", help="Draw white wireframe overlay.")
render.set_defaults(func=cmd_render)
return parser
def main() -> int:
parser = build_parser()
args = parser.parse_args()
return int(args.func(args))
if __name__ == "__main__":
raise SystemExit(main())